International Multicenter Study on Drug Consumption in Nursing Students

Background: The prevalence of illicit drug use among young people is high, with many being highly vulnerable to substance abuse. The nursing profession is not immune to the impacts of substance misuse. Knowing the current levels of consumption of illicit drugs in nursing students will allow for the introduction of preventive actions. Methods: Multi-center, descriptive, and cross-sectional study involving nursing schools from four different countries (Spain, Belgium, France, and Brazil). A total of seven centers participated. An adapted version of the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was used as a tool, which selected only the module on illicit drugs. Standard logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 496 nursing students participated in the study. Illicit drug shows positive representation among nursing students. A significant difference was observed between the gender and the age of first drug use, illicit drug consumption, cannabis use, and cocaine use ever in life, with higher use of illicit drugs by male, although at later ages than girls. The bivariate analysis, gender, problems as result of drugs, and nationality were significantly associated with the consumption of illicit drugs, cannabis, cocaine, and ecstasy ever in life. Conclusions: High rates of illicit drug use were found among nursing students, as well as factors that can influence consumption such as nationality or gender. These results can serve as a basis for the development of educational and policy interventions within nursing schools that are based on evidence, with significant implications for nurse educators, academic administrators, and practice.

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Use of illicit drugs by adolescents and young adults of an urban settlement in Brazil

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.64.02.114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 114-118

Author(s):

Rafael Alves Guimarães ◽

Márcia Maria de Souza ◽

Karlla Antonieta Amorim Caetano ◽

Sheila Araujo Teles ◽

Marcos André de Matos

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Drug Use ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Self Report ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Urban Settlement ◽

Factors Associated

Summary Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with illicit drug use by adolescents and young adults of a formal urban settlement. Method: Cross-sectional study including adolescents and young adults 12-24 years of an urban settlement in the Midwest Region of Brazil. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Stata, version 12.0. We used Poisson regression model to estimate the factors associated with illicit drug use. Results: Of the total participants (n=105), 27.6% (95CI 20.0-36.9%) had used illicit drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, crack, LSD and inhalants. The consumption of these substances was associated with male gender, use of body piercing and/or tattoos, licit drug use and self-report of signs and/or symptoms of sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion: High prevalence of illicit drug use was found in the individuals investigated, ratifying the presence of risk factors to the vulnerability of the settlers to use these substances in the urban settlement population.

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How far can you go? Association between illicit drug use and academic migration

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0047-2085000000219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 8-15

Author(s):

Lauro Miranda Demenech ◽

Samuel C. Dumith ◽

Luiza Santos Ferreira ◽

Mariana Lima Corrêa ◽

Pedro San Martin Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Religious Practice ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the prevalence of illicit drugs use in the lifetime, last year and last month, as well as the factors associated to the last year's use and its association with academic migration, among undergraduate students of a university in southern Brazil. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. It was conducted a clustered systematic sampling. For multivariate analyses, it was used Poisson regression. Results: 1,423 students participated. The prevalence of illicit drug use in the lifetime, last year and last month were 42.4%, 25.5% and 17.7%, respectively. Regarding illicit substances, marijuana use was the most prevalent. The variables independently associated with illicit drugs use in the last year were academic migration, being male, younger, single, high parent's educational level, living with peers, tobacco use in the last year, and having friend and relative that have used illicit drugs. Religious practice had a protective effect. Conclusion: Individuals who migrated from their cities to study at the university are more exposed to the main risk factors pointed out by this research and hence to the use of illicit drugs. Based on these results, we suggest that universities develop evaluation, prevention, treatment or referral strategies considering specific needs of this population

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Illicit Drug Use by Adolescents: A Public Perception of Influencing Factors in Owerri, Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38029/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Udochukwu Ugochukwu Ogu ◽

Nkoli Ezumah ◽

Aloysius Odii

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Peer Influence ◽

Public Perception ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Illicit drug use among adolescents has become a social menace which cuts across all social strata. This study explored public perception of factors that influence illicit drug use among adolescents in Owerri, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study. The study adopted a mixed method approach comprising quantitative and qualitative methods. The study was carried out in Owerri metropolis of Imo State, Nigeria. A total of 10 communities were selected randomly, they included four communities from the 16 communities that make up Owerri West, five communities from the 18 communities that make up Owerri North and one community from the five communities that make up Owerri Municipal. The research instruments used for data collection were questionnaires and in-depth interview guide.Results: Our quantitative study found that 50.7% of the respondents, from across the three areas in Owerri metropolis, asserted that peer influence, emotional problems, relationship problems, wanting to feel ‘high’ are factors influencing adolescent consumption of illicit drugs whereas the qualitative study found family background, unique experience such as the death of a loved one, affliction or misfortune as factors influencing adolescents’ illicit drug use. The quantitative results showed that persons with higher level of education are more likely than those with lower level of education to perceive a significant difference in drug use between in – school and out – of – school adolescents. Conclusions: Peer pressure was identified as a major factor and it was also identified as rivaling the family in terms of influence.

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Curbing Adolescent Illicit Drug use in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria: A Public Perceptive.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-96763/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ogu Udochukwu U. ◽

Nkoli Ezumah ◽

Aloysius Odii ◽

Nkolika P. Uguru

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Public Perception ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Drug Prescription ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Adolescent Drug Use ◽

Raising Awareness

Abstract Background: To reduce the rate of illicit drug use, the public has an important role to play, therefore how they perceive illicit drug use among youths must be ascertained. This study seeks to ascertain the public perception of strategies for curbing adolescent drug use.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study. The study adopted a mixed-method approach comprising quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of members of the public aged 18 years and above, residing in Owerri metropolis at the time of the study. A total of 10 communities were selected randomly in all: four communities from the 16 communities that make up Owerri West, five communities from the 18 communities that make up Owerri North and one community from the five communities that make up Owerri Municipal. A total of 16 respondents were purposively selected for in-depth interviews.Results: The quantitative findings show that 70.7% of respondents believe that the use of illicit drugs by adolescents can be controlled. The findings also show that one of the public’s perception to control adolescent drug use is to establish stringent anti-illicit drugs consumption laws/policies (20.4%) amongst others. The qualitative findings report that in order to curb the use of drugs by adolescents, the following activities and bodies need to be implored: health promotion, raising more awareness and sensitization campaigns, creation of remand homes for juveniles, the involvement of parents, school authorities and religious organizations and rehabilitation programmes. However, raising awareness, according to the study was reported as a reliable way of eliminating drug use among adolescents.Conclusion: To curb illicit drug use, proper funding of drug enforcement agencies, sensitization campaigns, strict laws on drug prescription, provision and use and health education etc. are very necessary for reducing adolescents’ illicit drug consumption.

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Predictors of controlled prescription drug non-medical and lifetime use among patients accessing public mental health services in Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037602 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e037602

Author(s):

Pakoyo Fadhiru Kamba ◽

John Mulangwa ◽

Peter Kageni ◽

Sulah Balikuna ◽

Allan Kengo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Prescription Drug ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Desk Review

ObjectivesWe determined the prevalence of controlled prescription drug (CPD) non-medical and lifetime use and their predictors among patients at three public psychiatric clinics in Uganda to identify missed care opportunities, enhanced screening priorities, and drug control needs.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 1275 patients was performed from November to December 2018. Interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaires, desk review guide and urine drug assays were employed. Questionnaire recorded CPD non-medical and illicit drug use history from patients’ files, CPD lifetime use and risk factors. Desk review guide recorded recently prescribed drugs in patients’ files to corroborate with urine assays. Predictors were analysed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsFrom desk review, 145 (11.4%) patients had history of CPD non-medical use and 36 (2.8%) had used illicit drugs. Of 988 patients who provided urine, 166 (16.8%) self-medicated CPDs, particularly benzodiazepines while 12 (1.2%) used illicit drugs. Of those with drug-positive urine, 123 (69.1%) had no documented history of CPD non-medical and illicit drug use. Being an inpatient (OR=10.90, p<0.001) was independently associated with CPD non-medical use. Additionally, being an inpatient (OR=8.29, p<0.001) and tobacco consumption (OR=1.85, p=0.041) were associated with CPD non-medical and illicit drug use combined. Among participants, 119 (9.3%) reported CPD lifetime use, and this was independently associated with education level (OR=2.71, p<0.001) and history of treatment for substance abuse (OR=2.08, p=0.018).ConclusionsCPD non-medical use is common among Uganda’s psychiatric patients, and more prevalent than illicit drug use. Rapid diagnostic assays may be needed in psychiatric care in resource limited settings. It is necessary to assess how CPD non-medical use impacts mental care outcomes and patient safety. High risk groups like inpatients and tobacco consumers should be prioritised in psychiatric screening.

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Curbing Adolescent Illicit Drug use in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria: A Public Perceptive.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-96763/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ogu Udochukwu U. ◽

Nkoli Ezumah ◽

Aloysius Odii ◽

Nkolika P. Uguru

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Public Perception ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Drug Prescription ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Adolescent Drug Use ◽

Raising Awareness

Abstract Background: In order to reduce the rate of illicit drug use, the public has an important role to play, therefore how they perceive illicit drug use among youths must be ascertained. This study, seeks to ascertain public perception on strategies for curbing adolescent drug use.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study. The study adopted a mixed method approach comprising quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of members of the public aged 18 years and above, residing in Owerri metropolis at the time of the study. A total of 10 communities were selected randomly in all: four communities from the 16 communities that make up Owerri West, five communities from the 18 communities that make up Owerri North and one community from the five communities that make up Owerri Municipal. A total of 16 respondents were purposively selected for in-depth interviews.Results: The quantitative findings show that 70.7% of respondents believe that the use of illicit drugs by adolescents can be controlled. The findings also show that one of the ways to control adolescent drug use is to establish stringent anti-illicit drugs consumption laws/policies (20.4%) amongst others. The qualitative findings report that in order to curb the use of drugs by adolescents, the following activities and bodies need to be implored: health promotion, raising more awareness and sensitization campaigns, creation of remand homes for juveniles, the involvement of parents, school authorities and religious organizations and rehabilitation programmes. However, raising awareness, according to the study was reported as a reliable way in eliminating drug use among adolescents.Conclusion: To curb illicit drug use, proper funding of drug enforcement agencies, sensitization campaigns, strict laws on drug prescription, provision and use and health education etc. are very necessary for reducing adolescents’ illicit drug consumption.

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Familiar factors and illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents: an analysis of the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015)

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00009518 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hellen de Araújo Antunes ◽

María Fernanda Rivadeneira-Guerrero ◽

Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart ◽

Nágila Soares Xavier Oenning

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

National Survey ◽

Family Relationships ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

School Health ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional

Illicit drug use is related to individual characteristics; however, social and family environments seem to be associated with this consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the relationships between parents or guardians and Brazilian adolescents that use illicit drugs. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015), in which the target population was school children from the ninth grade (eighth year). A total of 102,072 students were included in the current research, being 52,782 females and 49,290 males. Illicit drug use was the outcome and family relationship factors were the exposure. For adjustments, factors as sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, as well as tobacco and alcohol use were established. Univariate and multivariate analysis stratified by sex was conducted through Poisson regression, with a robust variance estimator to calculate the prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence interval. The general prevalence of illicit drug use was 3.8%; 3.3% among females and 4.4% among males. The following factors increase the prevalence ratio for illicit drug use in adolescents: not living with their parents, not feeling supervised by parents, and skipping classes without parents’ consent. Never feeling understood by parents and frequent physical aggressions by family members were also associated with illicit drug use. Family relationships collaborate to illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents, considering their sociodemographic factors, alcohol and smoking habits and parents and friends’ profiles.

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Illicit Drug Use Correlates with Negative Urine Drug Test Results for Prescribed Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, and Morphine

January 2018 - Pain Physician ◽

10.36076/ppj.2012/15/e687 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5;15 (5;9) ◽

pp. E687-E692

Author(s):

Amadeo Pesce

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Drug Use ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Opioid Therapy ◽

Prescription Medications ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Secondary Study ◽

Urine Specimens

Background: A number of studies indicate that 10.8% - 34% of patients with chronic pain use illicit drugs. One hypothesis for this occurrence is that some patients may be supplementing their prescription medications with illicit drugs. Objective: The primary purpose of this retrospective data analysis was to test the hypothesis that people whose urine specimens are positive for the medications that have been listed as being prescribed to them are positive for fewer illicit substances than those whose specimens were negative for their prescribed medications. The secondary purpose of the study was to correlate the use of illicit drugs and the amount of prescribed medications excreted in urine. Study Design: A retrospective study of the incidence of patients using illicit drugs versus their consistency with reported medications. Methods: Using urine specimens from a cohort of nearly 400,000 patients whose identities had been redacted, and who were being treated for chronic pain with opioid therapy, this study was performed to correlate the patients’ positivity with their prescribed medication to the prevalence of illicit substance use. A secondary study was conducted to correlate the amount of prescribed medication excreted in urine (measured in ng/mL) with the incidence of illicit drug use. The specific prescription medications analyzed were hydrocodone, morphine, and oxycodone. Results: Specimens defined as negative for prescribed hydrocodone (27.3%), morphine (11.5%) or oxycodone (19%) were more likely to contain illicit drugs than those found to be positive for the prescribed medication. The illicit drug prevalence among the inconsistent specimens was 15.3% for hydrocodone, 23.8% for morphine, and 24.4% for oxycodone. The secondary study showed no statistically significant difference in the excretion level of prescribed medication between those patients using and not using illicit drugs. Limitations: The study is limited in that no data was obtained to determine the causal relationships of illicit drug use. Conclusions: This work supports the hypothesis that people who are positive for their prescribed medications use fewer illicit drugs than those who do not take their medications. It may be beneficial for physicians to test more thoroughly for illicit drugs when patients’ drug tests are negative for their prescribed medications. Key words: Patients with pain, illicit drug use, hydrocodone, morphine, oxycodone.:

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Curbing Adolescent Illicit Drug Use in Owerri Metropolis, Nigeria: A Public Perceptive

10.21203/rs.3.rs-128522/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Udochukwu Ogu ◽

Nkoli Ezumah ◽

Aloysius Odii ◽

Nkolika Pamela

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Public Perception ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Drug Prescription ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Adolescent Drug Use ◽

Raising Awareness

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Binge drinking and illicit drug use among adolescent students

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051006863 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jakelline Cipriano dos Santos Raposo ◽

Ana Carolina de Queiroz Costa ◽

Paula Andréa de Melo Valença ◽

Patrícia Maria Zarzar ◽

Alcides Da Silva Diniz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Illicit Drug Use ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Students

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use and its association with binge drinking and sociodemographic factors among adolescent students. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with probabilistic conglomerate sampling, involving 1,154 students, aged 13 to 19 years old, from the public school system, in the city of Olinda, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, carried out in 2014. We used the Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire, validated for use with Brazilian adolescents. The Chi-square test (≤ 0.05) and Poisson regression analysis were used to estimate the prevalence ratios, with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Use in life of illicit drugs was four times more prevalent among students who reported binge drinking (95%CI 3.19–5.45). Being in the age group of 16 to 19 years, being male, and having no religion were also significantly associated with illicit drug use. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of use in life of illicit drugs was higher in this study than in other studies carried out in Brazil and it was strongly associated with binge drinking. This factor was associated with gender, age, and religion.

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