scholarly journals Applying a Pedestrian Level of Service in the Context of Social Distancing: The Case of the City of Madrid

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11037
Author(s):  
Ruben Talavera-Garcia ◽  
Rocío Pérez-Campaña
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Tactical Urbanism ◽  
The Face ◽  
Static View ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Pedestrian Level Of Service ◽  
The City

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a lot of discussion about keeping interpersonal distance to prevent the virus from spreading. To keep this interpersonal distance, authorities at different levels have taken measures to reduce people’s interactions, such as reducing capacities, curfews, pop-up cycle lanes, temporary pedestrianisation, and lockdowns. Many of these temporary measures have been perceived from a static view. Nevertheless, in a scenario of “new normality” or in the face of a possible new pandemic, the amount of data (big data) generated by different sources, such as sensors, in large cities has extraordinary potential to be used together with tactical urbanism for quick adaptation. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the aforementioned issues by analysing spatio-temporal patterns of pedestrian mobility and developing a variation of the pedestrian level of service measure; the pandemic pedestrian level of service (P-PLOS). This measure provides a dynamic view of pavement capacities according to the interpersonal distance recommendations during the pandemic. P-PLOS was tested in the city of Madrid based on the pedestrian counter data that was provided by the local government through its open data website. We found that the application of P-PLOS, together with street design, allows for knowing where and when it is necessary to take tactical urbanism measures in order to maintain or improve the level of service, as well as where it is necessary to take measures to reduce pedestrian flow.

scholarly journals Effects of Bypass in Small and Non-congested Cities: A Case Study of the City Badajoz

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-489
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Coloma ◽  
Marta Garcia ◽  
Raúl Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
City Center ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Congestion Problems ◽  
The City

Small cities with less than 200,000 inhabitants do not usually suffer from chronic congestion problems. However, private vehicles are used excessively, making it necessary to implement measures to encourage further use of public transport and pedestrian mobility to make it more sustainable. Bypasses improve level of service (LOS) by removing cars from the city center, leading to significant reductions in overall travel time. Most studies so far have been conducted in large cities suffering chronic congestion problems, so the aim of this research is to analyze the effects of bypasses in small and non-congested cities through the construction of a traffic model in Badajoz (Spain), starting with the allocation of the origin-destination travel matrix derived from surveys and traffic counts conducted at the southern and eastern accesses. The traffic model describes the mobility in potentially-capturable future southern traffic relationships and allows insights into different alternatives in the construction of a new high LOS road. This research concludes that small cities with no chronic congestion problems should plan bypasses as close as possible to the city, since they are the most economical, produce greater traffic capture, greater time savings, and eliminate the largest number of CO2 emissions from the urban center. The more distant alternatives have a higher LOS, however, these are longer and more expensive solutions that also capture less traffic and thus eliminate less CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals Planning experiences in historic cities protected by UNESCO

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douver dos Santos Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Power ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Historic Cities ◽  
Material Form ◽  
The Continuum

This article arises from the need to clarify the field of heritage preservation and conservation at the beginning of the 21st century, especially in central areas and historic cities. We went through this reflection in the face of the expressive homogenization of places and mischaracterizations of the landscapes produced with artificial interventions aimed at exploratory tourism, which directly reflect on the loss of the identity of urban heritage and, more ambitiously, with the cities-commodity in large cities, through management of urbanism with new contemporary interventions. The process of patrimonialization of historic cities is seen here from two distant angles in time, space, territory, culture and history, but they reflect the same repercussions for the city: scenography and gentrification, as is the case in Brazil, in Pelourinho in the city of Salvador, in 1992, and Portuguese, in the Quarteirão das Cardosas, in Porto, in 2009. With this, we were able to further question and denounce some perversions in architecture, the result of these economic speculations, which see facade renovation works as useful, that rip apart the entire interior of the heritage, neglecting the entire authentic experience of the city and demonstrate the perversions in the community in the face of the gentrification process, where landscape is transformed giving material form to the difference between cultural and economic power. We believe that it is possible to demonstrate in time to society, which is in constant threat of globalization, that heritage needs to be urgently recovered in order to remain on the continuum of life.

scholarly journals MUNICIPAL OPEN DATA PORTALS: THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE FACE OF A MUNICIPALITY’S POLITICAL AND TERRITORIAL REALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W1-2021 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
J. Diaz ◽  
S. Breux
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Link Open Data ◽  
Data Release ◽  
The Face ◽  
Data Portal ◽  
The City

Abstract. Municipal open data portals have been criticized for their inability to fulfill the promises of transparency, citizen participation and economic development that are supposed to accompany data release. Based on an analysis of certain aspects of the City of Montréal’s open data portal and interviews with reusers of these data, we show that the limitations observed stem – at least in part – from an absence of consideration of the municipality’s political and territorial reality. Three facts contribute to this absence: 1) the Montreal open data portal was designed as a public service; 2) it was created upstream, and not based on the identification of possible needs of the population or the territory; and 3) the relevance of the published datasets raises questions with respect to the promises made. These elements invite us to better link open data portals to objectives and needs that are first and foremost local, while inserting them into a broader framework for achieving the initial democratic and economic promises.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS TROTOAR BERDASARKAN TINGKAT PELAYANAN TROTOAR DI KOTA MAKASSAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Retno Puspaningtyas ◽  
Muhammad Aditya Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
City Government ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Pedestrian Level Of Service ◽  
Service Data ◽  
The City

Abstract This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the sidewalk path on Jalan Dr. Ratulangi in Makassar City in accommodating pedestrian volumes. The procedure carried out in this study is in accordance with the measurement of the effectiveness of the sidewalk, which is stated by the sidewalk level of service. Data collection is done through observation, measurement, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that there is one point with a low sidewalk level of service, namely point 2 in the Dr. Ratulangi segment, with the level of service D. Based on these results, the City Government needs to rearrange the location of flower pots and tree lines and improve the sidewalk design. In addition, additional sidewalk complementary facilities are needed to increase community interest in walking. Keywords: sidewalk; pedestrian volume; pedestrian; level of service.  Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas jalur trotoar di Jalan Dr. Ratulangi di Kota Makassar dalam menampung volume pejalan kaki. Prosedur yang dilakukan pada studi ini sesuai dengan pengukuran efektivitas trotoar, yang dinyatakan dengan tingkat pelayanan trotoar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, pengukuran, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat satu titik yang dengan tingkat pelayanan trotoar yang rendah, yaitu titik 2 di segmen Dr. Ratulangi, dengan tingkat pelayanan D. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, Pemerintah Kota perlu menata ulang letak pot bunga dan jalur pepohonan serta memperbaiki desain trotoar. Selain itu, diperlukan penambahan fasilitas pelengkap trotoar untuk meningkatkan minat masya-rakat untuk berjalan kaki. Kata-kata kunci: trotoar; volume pejalan kaki; pedestrian; tingkat pelayanan.

Russian Youth in Moscow in the System of Interethnic Relations

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
Lyubov V. Ostapenko ◽  
Roman A. Starchenko ◽  
Irina A. Subbotina
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
The Face ◽  
Interethnic Interaction ◽  
Interethnic Marriages ◽  
The City

Young people’s participation in optimizing interethnic relations is becoming particularly important in the face of growing interethnic tension, a rise of distrust and suspicion between countries and nations. Based on the analysis of data from the survey carried out among Muscovites aged 16-29, the article is aimed at showing the scale and nature of interethnic interaction between the Russian population of the capital and representatives of other ethnic groups in Moscow, attitude towards such contacts in different spheres of life (including interethnic marriages), young people’s evaluation of the interethnic situation in the city and opinion on the reasons for its instability.

Em transe-to

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-55
Author(s):  
Natalia Christofoletti Barrenha
Keyword(s):  
The Face ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The City

This text seeks to explore the Argentine films Castro (Alejo Moguillansky, 2009) and El asaltante (Pablo Fendrik, 2007) from within the displacement of their characters through the city. This transit configures the organising element of the plots, determining the direction and rhythm of events. The escape motto will structure the film analyses, which are also twinned by the sensory apprehension that comes from the spaces they travel through. The notion of escape, as explored by Esteban Dipaola in Argentine cinema of the 1990s, continues to throb in mid-to-late 2000s production, and in these films represents the means by which the protagonists deploy critical attitudes—sometimes radical and explosive, sometimes silent—in the face of fixed notions, suggesting some scepticism about the “stability” and “order” that they (dis)encounter in normality. RESUMEN Este texto busca explorar los largometrajes argentinos Castro (Alejo Moguillansky, 2009) y El asaltante (Pablo Fendrik, 2007) a partir del desplazamiento de sus personajes por la ciudad. El transitar se configura como elemento organizador de las tramas, determinando la dirección y el ritmo de los acontecimientos. El tema de la fuga irá estructurando los análisis de las películas, las cuales también están relacionadas por la aprehensión sensorial que hacen de los espacios que recorren. La noción de fuga, tal y como fue explorada por Esteban Dipaola en el cine argentino de los años 90, continúa vigente en la producción de mediados/fines de la primera década del siglo XXI, y en estas películas es el recurso por medio del cual los protagonistas despliegan actitudes críticas – a veces radicales y explosivas, y a veces silenciosas – frente a nociones convencionales, lo cual hace pensar que existe un cierto escepticismo con relación a la “estabilidad” y al “orden” que ellos (des)encuentran en la normalidad. RESUMO Este texto busca explorar os longas-metragens argentinos Castro (Alejo Moguillansky, 2009) e El asaltante (Pablo Fendrik, 2007) a partir do deslocamento de seus personagens pela cidade. O transitar configura-se como elemento organizador das tramas, determinando a direção e o ritmo dos acontecimentos. O mote da fuga estruturará as análises dos filmes, os quais também se irmanam pela apreensão sensorial que fazem dos espaços que percorrem. A noção de fuga, conforme explorada por Esteban Dipaola no cinema argentino da década de 1990, continua a pulsar na produção de meados/fins dos anos 2000, e é, nestes filmes, o recurso através do qual os protagonistas desdobram atitudes críticas – às vezes radicais e explosivas, às vezes silenciosas – diante de noções fixas, sugerindo certo ceticismo em relação à “estabilidade” e à “ordem” que eles (des)encontram na normalidade.

Incidência da utilização de protetores bucais em diversos esportes de contato

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (45) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Victor Paes Dias Gonçalves ◽  
Hugo Leonardo Matias Nahmias ◽  
Marcus Menezes Alves Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
The Face ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
The City

Among contact sports, the practice of martial arts offers a greater risk of causing dental trauma and fractures as contact with the face is more frequent. The primary objective of the research is to evaluate the incidence of mouthguard use, and the secondary objective is to verify which type has a greater predominance and the difficulties in its use correlating to the type of mouthguard used. A documentary study was carried out with 273 athletes of different contact sports, among them: MMA, Boxing, Muay Thai, Jiu-Jitsu, and Taekwondo of the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was concluded that the most commonly used mouthguard is PB Boils and Bites - Type II and its level of approval is poor, interfering with the athletes’ performance, mainly in relation to the breathing factor.

Using augmented reality for navigation in space. Creating Visual Dictionaries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Khakimova ◽  
Oleg Zolotarev ◽  
Lyudmila Sharapova ◽  
Daler Mirzoev ◽  
Aleksanra Belaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

The image of the city is a spatio-temporal continuum in which everything is interconnected, it exists as a single monolith expressing itself in the general atmosphere. The visual image of the city may contain two planes of meanings: culturally ratified and universally valid, expressed by cultural codes, and also significant only to those who are viewing the image. Therefore, the content of the visual image depends on who the subject of perception is, what he pays attention to and in what situation the process of perception of the image occurs.

Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Josimara A. de Araújo Varela ◽  
Tatiana F.T. Palitot ◽  
Smyrna L.X. de Souza ◽  
Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti ◽  
Alessandro L. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The City

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face, and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians. Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over (30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%), and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p<0.05). Conclusion: Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65 years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.

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