Evaluating the Factor Structure of the Emotion Dysregulation Scale-Short (EDS-s): A Preliminary Study

Emotion dysregulation (ED) can be considered a psychopathological transdiagnostic dimension, the presence of which should be reliably screened in clinical settings. The aim of the current study was to validate the Italian version of the Emotion Dysregulation Scale-short (EDS-s), a brief self-report tool assessing emotion dysregulation, in a non-clinical sample of 1087 adults (768 women and 319 men). We also assessed its convergent validity with scales measuring binge eating and general psychopathology. Structural equation modeling suggested the fit of a one-factor model refined with correlations between the errors of three pairs of items (χ2 = 255.56, df = 51, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.04). The EDS-s demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (ordinal alpha = 0.94). Moreover, EDS-s scores partly explained the variance of both binge eating (0.35, p < 0.001) and general psychopathology (0.60, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the EDS-s can be considered to be a reliable and valid measure of ED.

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Individual differences in avoiding feelings of disgust: Development and construct validity of the disgust avoidance questionnaire

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248219 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0248219

Author(s):

Paula von Spreckelsen ◽

Nienke C. Jonker ◽

Jorien Vugteveen ◽

Ineke Wessel ◽

Klaske A. Glashouwer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Factor Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Cognitive Avoidance ◽

Behavioral Avoidance

We developed and examined the construct validity of the Disgust Avoidance Questionnaire (DAQ) as a measure of people’s inclination to prevent experiencing disgust (disgust prevention) and to escape from the experience of disgust (disgust escape). In a stepwise item-reduction (Study 1; N = 417) using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) based on a 4-subscale distinction (behavioral prevention, cognitive prevention, behavioral escape, cognitive escape), we selected 17 items from a pool of potential items. In order to incorporate the conceptual overlap between dimensions of disgust avoidance, focus (prevention vs. escape), and strategy (behavioral avoidance vs. cognitive avoidance), we specified an adapted model. In this model, we allowed each item to load on one type of dimension and one type of strategy, resulting in four overlapping factors (prevention, escape, behavioral avoidance, cognitive avoidance). Evaluation of this overlapping 4-factor model (Study 2; N = 513) using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed promising model fit indices, factor loadings, factor correlations, and reliability estimates for three of the four factors (prevention, behavioral avoidance, cognitive avoidance). Those three subscales also showed good convergent validity. In contrast, the results related to the escape factor may call the suitability of self-report to assess disgust escape into question. In light of the exploratory nature of the project, future examinations of the DAQ’s validity and applicability to more diverse samples are essential. A critical next step for future research would be to examine the DAQ’s criterion validity and the distinctive roles of the DAQ subscales in (clinical) psychological constructs and processes.

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Preprint: Individual Differences in Avoiding Feelings of Disgust: Development and Construct Validity of the Disgust Avoidance Questionnaire

10.31234/osf.io/sw674 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Paula von Spreckelsen ◽

Nienke Jonker ◽

Jorien Vugteveen ◽

Ineke Wessel ◽

Klaske A. Glashouwer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Factor Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Cognitive Avoidance ◽

Behavioral Avoidance

We developed and examined the construct validity of the Disgust Avoidance Questionnaire (DAQ) as a measure of people’s inclination to prevent experiencing disgust (disgust prevention) and to escape from the experience of disgust (disgust escape). In a stepwise item-reduction (sample 1; n = 417) using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) based on a 4-subscale distinction (behavioral prevention, cognitive prevention, behavioral escape, cognitive escape), we selected 17 items from a pool of potential items (step 1). In order to incorporate the conceptual overlap between dimensions of disgust avoidance, focus (prevention vs. escape), and strategy (behavioral avoidance vs. cognitive avoidance), we specified an adapted model. In this model, we allowed each item to load on one type of dimension and one type of strategy, resulting in four overlapping factors (prevention, escape, behavioral avoidance, cognitive avoidance). Evaluation of this overlapping 4-factor model (sample 2; n = 513) using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed promising model fit indices, factor loadings, factor correlations, and reliability estimates for three of the four factors (prevention, behavioral avoidance, cognitive avoidance; step 2). Those three subscales also showed good convergent validity (step 3; sample 2). In contrast, the results related to the escape factor question the suitability of self-report to assess disgust escape. In light of the exploratory nature of the project, future examination of the DAQ’s validity is essential. A critical next step for future research would be to examine the DAQ’s criterion validity and the distinctive roles of the DAQ subscales in (clinical) psychological constructs and processes.

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On the Structure of Affect

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 229 (1) ◽

pp. 24-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadine Wedderhoff ◽

Timo Gnambs ◽

Oliver Wedderhoff ◽

Tanja Burgard ◽

Michael Bošnjak

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Factor Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Correlation Matrices ◽

The World ◽

Best Fit ◽

Cross National

Abstract. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988 ) is a popular self-report questionnaire that is administered all over the world. Though originally developed to measure two independent factors, different models have been proposed in the literature. Comparisons among alternative models as well as analyses concerning their robustness in cross-national research have left an inconclusive picture. Therefore, the present study evaluates the dimensionality of the PANAS and differences between English and translated versions of the PANAS using a meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. Correlation matrices from 57 independent samples ( N = 54,043) were pooled across subsamples. For both English and non-English samples, a correlated two-factor model including correlated uniquenesses provided the best fit. However, measurement invariance analyses indicated differences in factor loadings between subsamples. Thus, cross-national application of the PANAS might only be justified if measurement equivalence was explicitly tested for the countries at hand.

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Authentic leadership and work engagement: the mediating effect of practicing core values

Leadership & Organization Development Journal ◽

10.1108/lodj-02-2016-0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 276-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jihye Oh ◽

Daeyeon Cho ◽

Doo Hun Lim

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Authentic Leadership ◽

Factor Model ◽

Core Values ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Content Type ◽

The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating effect of practicing core values on the relationship between authentic leadership and work engagement in a Korean corporate environment. Design/methodology/approach Self-report data on authentic leadership, practicing core values, and work engagement were obtained from 281 employees of three major corporations in South Korea. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the data. Findings The results revealed a direct and significant influence of authentic leadership on both practicing core values and work engagement. In addition, practicing core values was found to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between authentic leadership and work engagement. Research limitations/implications This study revealed a three-factor model of authentic leadership compared to the four-factor model found in western cultural contexts. Similar findings are indicated for other Asian countries. A rigorous future study is warranted to validate the psychometric structure across different cultural settings. Harman’s single factor test was performed to address the common method variance issue. Practical implications Practicing core values functioned as a catalyst for developing authentic leaders. Therefore, it is necessary that organizational development practitioners perform developmental activities to purposefully facilitate practicing core values. Originality/value The study falls under the isolated or disregarded researched topic of the practicing core values in relation to authentic leadership and work engagement.

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Nonsuicidal self-injury and identity formation in Indian clinical and nonclinical samples: A comparative study

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0020764020943618 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 002076402094361

Author(s):

Amarendra Gandhi ◽

Koen Luyckx ◽

Alka Adhikari ◽

Dhruv Parmar ◽

Avinash De Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Identity Formation ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Mental Health Issue ◽

Self Injury ◽

Two Samples ◽

Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Background: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is being increasingly identified as an important emerging mental health issue in the West. Yet, NSSI has not been adequately studied in clinical and nonclinical contexts in countries like India. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare different features of NSSI between clinical and nonclinical samples in India. We also explored if the strength of the association between NSSI and disturbances in identity formation – a risk factor that can increase vulnerability to NSSI – was similar in the two samples mentioned above. Method: For the clinical sample, data regarding NSSI and identity formation were collected from 100 psychiatric patients (47.0% females, mean age = 34.76 years, SD = 12.76, 17–70 years) from an outpatient/inpatient psychiatric department of a large tertiary hospital in Mumbai, India. Nonclinical data were collected from 120 young adults studying in a medical college in Mumbai, India (51.7% females, mean age = 19.7 years, SD = 2.16, 17–28 years). Information regarding NSSI and identity were collected using self-report questionnaires. Results: Lifetime prevalence of NSSI in the clinical and nonclinical samples was found to be around 17% and 21%, respectively. Although the prevalence of NSSI did not significantly differ between the two samples, some features of NSSI did differ between the two groups. Finally, multigroup Bayesian structural equation modeling indicated that irrespective of the type of the sample (i.e. clinical or nonclinical), consolidated and disturbed identity significantly (negative and positive, respectively) predicted lifetime NSSI. Additionally, the association between the aforementioned identity variables and NSSI did not significantly differ between the two samples. Conclusion: The findings of these studies highlight the need for exploring issues related to identity formation in individuals who engage in NSSI irrespective of whether they suffer from a psychiatric disorder or not.

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Adaptation and Validation of the Athletic Identity Questionnaire-Adolescent for Use With Children

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.5.4.539 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 539-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Cheryl B. Anderson ◽

Karen J. Coleman

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Factor Model ◽

Athletic Identity ◽

Ethnically Diverse ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Child Factors

Background:This article describes the adaptation of the Athletic Identity Questionnaire (AIQ) for Adolescents for use with children and evaluates its construct validity. Based on a theoretical model supported in adults and adolescents, the AIQ-Child measures the general attribute of athletic, which encompasses exercise, sport, and physical activity and assesses 4 dimensions: appearance, competence, importance of activity, and encouragement from 3 sources (parents, friends, teachers/other adults).Methods:The hypothesized 4-factor model was tested using structural equation modeling in 2 samples of 9- and 10-year-old children that were ethnically diverse (N = 432) and Hispanic (N = 504).Results:Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL 8.71 supported the 4-factor structure in a 40- or 38-item version in sample 1 (RMSEA = .039, .041) and sample 2 (RMSEA = .038, .038). As in the adult and adolescent models, there was also support for a higher-order model. The AIQ-Child factors were positively related to physical activity (r = .51 to .68) and fitness (r = .15 to .41) and negatively related to TV/computer use (r = –.28 to –.03) and adiposity (r = –.32 to .04).Conclusions:Findings support the factorial and construct validity of the AIQ-Child and its use as a self-report instrument in younger children.

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Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in Clinical Versus Nonclinical Individuals: Generalizability of Psychometric Features

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191117709070 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 815-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Bo Bach ◽

Martin Sellbom ◽

Erik Simonsen

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Personality Inventory ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Statistical Manual ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

The Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth Edition (PID-5) was developed for the assessment of pathological traits in clinical settings. However, most research on the PID-5 is derived from nonclinical samples. To date, the comparability and generalizability of PID-5 constructs across nonclinical and clinical samples have not been adequately investigated. Therefore, we investigated the measurement invariance, five-factor structure, and factor correlations across clinical and nonclinical samples. The clinical sample ( n = 598) comprised patients with nonpsychotic disorders (81% women; mean age = 28.95), whereas a matched nonclinical sample ( n = 598) comprised community-dwelling individuals (81% women; mean age = 29.59). Measurement invariance was analyzed using a 13-step, two-group exploratory structural equation modeling approach. The results demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties for both samples and supported strong measurement invariance across the groups at the domain level.

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Reminiscence functions scale: factorial structure and its relation with mental health in a sample of Spanish older adults

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610216000326 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (9) ◽

pp. 1521-1532 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

L. Ros ◽

J. C. Meléndez ◽

J. D. Webster ◽

T. Mayordomo ◽

A. Sales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Factor Model ◽

The Self ◽

The Other ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Factorial Structure

ABSTRACTBackground:The reminiscence functions scale (RFS) is a 43-item self-report instrument designed to assess the use of reminiscence for different functions. This study aims, on one hand, to analyze the factorial structure and the psychometric properties of the RFS and, on the other, to examine the relationship between the functions of reminiscence and mental health.Methods:RFS scale and measures of depressive symptomology, despair, and life satisfaction were administered to a sample of persons over the age of sixty (n = 364).Results:After eliminating three conflictive items from the original scale, the confirmatory factor analysis results present a factorial structure comprising eight traditional factors and adequate reliability scores (from 0.73 to 0.87). Using structural equation modeling, we find that these reminiscence factors are organized in three second-order factors (self-positive, self-negative, and prosocial). Results show that the self-positive factor relates negatively and the self-negative factor relates positively with symptoms of mental health problems.Conclusions:These results, on one hand, confirm that the RFS scale is a useful instrument to assess reminiscence functions in a sample of Spanish older adults and, on the other, that the three-factor model of reminiscence is a better predictor of mental health than the alternative four-factor model.

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Psychometric evaluation of the Affect Regulation Checklist: Clinical and community samples, parent-reports and youth self-reports

10.31234/osf.io/3vmrj ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natalie Goulter ◽

Sherene Balanji ◽

Brooke A. Davis ◽

Tim James ◽

Cassia L. McIntyre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Affect Regulation ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Community Sample ◽

Psychometric Evaluation ◽

Parent Report ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Affect Dysregulation ◽

Self Reports

The Affect Regulation Checklist (ARC) was designed to capture affect dysregulation, suppression, and reflection. Importantly, affect dysregulation has been established as a transdiagnostic mechanism underpinning many forms of psychopathology. We tested the ARC psychometric properties across clinical and community samples and through both parent-report and youth self-report information. Clinical sample: participants included parents (n=814; Mage=43.86) and their child (n=608; Mage=13.98). Community sample: participants included parents (n=578; Mage=45.12) and youth (n=809; Mage=15.67). Exploratory structural equation modeling supported a three-factor structure across samples and informants. Dysregulation was positively associated with all forms of psychopathology. In general, suppression was positively associated with many forms of psychopathology, and reflection was negatively associated with externalizing problems and positively associated with internalizing problems.

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Framing Work Competencies Through Personality Traits

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000139 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 162-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chiara Consiglio ◽

Guido Alessandri ◽

Laura Borgogni ◽

Ronald F. Piccolo

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Self And Other ◽

Adequate Reliability

The present study investigated the construct validity and reliability of the Big Five Competencies grid (BFC grid), an instrument framed and validated within a well-established conceptual model, the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality. A first sample of 1,307 employees (65% males) in a variety of job types completed the BFC grid and a list of Big Five prototypical adjectives. Exploratory structural equation modeling attested a six-factor competencies structure corresponding to four broad traits (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional stability, Openness) and two facets of conscientiousness. The six scales showed adequate reliability and dominant associations with the corresponding personality traits. In a second sample of 150 employees (87% males), the six-factor structure was confirmed together with convergent validity between self- and other-ratings of work competencies. Implications and suggestions for future results are discussed.

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