scholarly journals A Multinational Longitudinal Study Incorporating Intensive Methods to Examine Caregiver Experiences in the Context of Chronic Health Conditions: Protocol of the ENTWINE-iCohort

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Val Morrison ◽  
Mikołaj Zarzycki ◽  
Noa Vilchinsky ◽  
Robbert Sanderman ◽  
Giovanni Lamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Caregiver Experiences

Informal caregivers are those who provide unpaid care to a relative or friend with a chronic illness, disability or other long-lasting health or care need. Providing informal care in the context of chronic health conditions presents a significant global challenge. Examination of the determinants of informal caregivers’ behaviour, especially in terms of motivations and willingness to provide/receive care, is crucial to understanding the nature of caregiver and care recipient experiences. A large group of international researchers have co-operated to execute the ENTWINE iCohort-a multinational, transdisciplinary, longitudinal study incorporating intensive methods to examine caregiver experiences in the context of chronic health conditions. The aim of ENTWINE-iCohort is to investigate the broad spectrum of factors, i.e., cultural, personal, geographical, relational, psychological, and economic that may affect motivations, willingness to provide or receive care, among diverse groups of informal caregivers and their care recipients, in different countries that have different care systems. Study questionnaires will be disseminated on-line in nine countries: Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Israel, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and the UK. Cross-sectional and longitudinal multivariate analysis, including intensive longitudinal and dyadic data analysis will be applied to examine the relative contribution of the above factors to caregiver or care recipient wellbeing.

Social and early life adversity and chronic health conditions among Tunisian adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-958
Author(s):  
Sana El Mhamdi ◽  
Andrine Lemieux ◽  
Manel Ben Fredj ◽  
Ines Bouanene ◽  
Arwa Ben Salah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Collective Violence ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Chronic Health

Abstract Early life adversities (ELAs) are shown as significant risk factors for chronic health conditions (CHCs). ELAs include multiple types of abuse such as the social abuse (peer, community, and collective violence). The purpose is to describe the relationship between childhood social abuse and chronic conditions in adulthood among a sample of adults in Tunisia and to investigate the role of obesity and tobacco use as mediators of this association. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tunisia, from January to June 2016 using the Arabic Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Items of social abuse (peer violence, witnessing community violence, and exposure to collective violence) were analyzed. A total of 2,120 adults were enrolled. After adjustment for age, gender, and intrafamilial ELA, social adversities were associated significantly with the selected CHC. Experiencing more than two social ELA increase the risk of occurrence of hypertension and coronary diseases. After accounting for the indirect effect of body mass index, statistically significant partial mediation effects were observed for the cumulative number of social ELA as the exposure variable and chronic diseases as the outcome variable (p ≤ .001; % mediated = 44.5%). These findings support an association between many chronic health disorders and childhood social abuse, independently of intrafamilial ACEs.

Modifiable Risk Factors for Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Problems After Hodgkin Lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AnnaLynn M Williams ◽  
Sedigheh Mirzaei Salehabadi ◽  
Mengqi Xing ◽  
Nicholas Steve Phillips ◽  
Matthew Ehrhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Task Efficiency

Long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) experience high burden of chronic health morbidities. Correlates of neurocognitive and psychosocial morbidity have not been well established. 1,760 survivors of HL (mean[SD] age 37.5[6.0] years, time since diagnosis 23.6[4.7] years, 52.1% female) and 3,180 siblings (age 33.2[8.5] years, 54.5% female) completed cross-sectional surveys assessing neurocognitive function, emotional distress, quality of life, social attainment, smoking, and physical activity. Treatment exposures were abstracted from medical records. Chronic health conditions were graded according to NCI CTCAE v4.3 (1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe/disabling, 4=life-threatening). Multivariable analyses, adjusted for age, sex, and race, estimated relative risk (RR) of impairment in survivors vs. siblings and, among survivors, risk of impairment associated with demographic, clinical, treatment factors and grade 2+ chronic health conditions. Compared with siblings, survivors had significant higher risk (p's<0.05) of neurocognitive impairment (e.g. memory 8.1% vs. 5.7%), anxiety (7.0%%vs. 5.4%),depression (9.1% vs. 7%), unemployment (9.6% vs. 4.4%), and impaired physical/mental quality of life (e.g. physical function 11.2% vs. 3.0%). Smoking was associated with higher risk of impairment in task efficiency (RR=1.56[1.02-2.39]), emotional regulation (RR=1.84[1.35-2.49]), anxiety (RR=2.43[1.51-3.93]), and depression (RR=2.73[1.85-4.04]). Meeting CDC exercise guidelines was associated with lower risk of impairment in task efficiency (RR=0.70[0.52-0.95]), organization (RR=0.60[0.45-0.80]), depression (RR=0.66[0.48-0.92]), and multiple quality of life domains. Cardiovascular and neurologic conditions were associated with impairment in nearly all domains. Survivors of HL are at elevated risk for neurocognitive and psychosocial impairment, and risk is associated with modifiable factors that provide targets for interventions to improve long-term functional outcomes.

scholarly journals Perceived Treatment Satisfaction and Effectiveness Facilitators Among Patients With Chronic Health Conditions: A Self-Reported Survey

10.2196/13029 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e13029
Author(s):  
Kathryn Volpicelli Leonard ◽  
Courtney Robertson ◽  
Amrita Bhowmick ◽  
Leslie Beth Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Satisfaction ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Factors Associated

Background Approximately 50% of patients are nonadherent to prescribed medications. Patient perception regarding medication effectiveness has been linked to improved adherence. However, how patients perceive effectiveness is poorly understood. Objective The aim of this study was to elucidate factors associated with perceived treatment satisfaction and effectiveness among patients with chronic health conditions. Methods We conducted a descriptive study using a cross-sectional survey design. We administered a Web-based survey to participants with migraine, multiple sclerosis (MS), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were recruited from established online communities of Health Union. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and comparison tests were used to examine outcomes. Results Data were collected from 1820 patients: 567 with migraine, 717 with MS, and 536 with RA. The majority of participants were female (1644/1820, 90.33%), >40 years old (1462/1820, 80.33%), and diagnosed >5 years ago (1189/1820, 65.33%). Treatment satisfaction and perceived medication effectiveness were highly correlated (r=0.90, P<.01). Overall, three temporal factors were positively correlated with satisfaction or perceived effectiveness: time on current medication (satisfaction rs=0.22, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.25, P<.01), time since diagnosis (satisfaction rs=0.07, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.09, P<.01), and time on treatment (effectiveness rs=0.08, P<.01). Conclusions Findings validated the strong relationship between treatment satisfaction and perceived effectiveness. Understanding the (1) positive relationship between time and treatment satisfaction and effectiveness and (2) factors associated with determining medication effectiveness can help clinicians better understand the mindset of patients regarding treatment. Clinicians may be better prepared to elicit patient beliefs, which influence medication adherence, for people diagnosed with chronic health conditions.

scholarly journals Perceived Treatment Satisfaction and Effectiveness Facilitators Among Patients With Chronic Health Conditions: A Self-Reported Survey (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Volpicelli Leonard ◽  
Courtney Robertson ◽  
Amrita Bhowmick ◽  
Leslie Beth Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Satisfaction ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Factors Associated

BACKGROUND Approximately 50% of patients are nonadherent to prescribed medications. Patient perception regarding medication effectiveness has been linked to improved adherence. However, how patients perceive effectiveness is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate factors associated with perceived treatment satisfaction and effectiveness among patients with chronic health conditions. METHODS We conducted a descriptive study using a cross-sectional survey design. We administered a Web-based survey to participants with migraine, multiple sclerosis (MS), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were recruited from established online communities of Health Union. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and comparison tests were used to examine outcomes. RESULTS Data were collected from 1820 patients: 567 with migraine, 717 with MS, and 536 with RA. The majority of participants were female (1644/1820, 90.33%), &gt;40 years old (1462/1820, 80.33%), and diagnosed &gt;5 years ago (1189/1820, 65.33%). Treatment satisfaction and perceived medication effectiveness were highly correlated (<i>r</i>=0.90, <i>P</i>&lt;.01). Overall, three temporal factors were positively correlated with satisfaction or perceived effectiveness: time on current medication (satisfaction <i>r<sub>s</sub></i>=0.22, <i>P</i>&lt;.01; effectiveness <i>r</i><sub>s</sub>=0.25, <i>P</i>&lt;.01), time since diagnosis (satisfaction <i>r</i><sub>s</sub>=0.07, <i>P</i>&lt;.01; effectiveness <i>r</i><sub>s</sub>=0.09, <i>P</i>&lt;.01), and time on treatment (effectiveness <i>r</i><sub>s</sub>=0.08, <i>P</i>&lt;.01). CONCLUSIONS Findings validated the strong relationship between treatment satisfaction and perceived effectiveness. Understanding the (1) positive relationship between time and treatment satisfaction and effectiveness and (2) factors associated with determining medication effectiveness can help clinicians better understand the mindset of patients regarding treatment. Clinicians may be better prepared to elicit patient beliefs, which influence medication adherence, for people diagnosed with chronic health conditions.

scholarly journals Associations of self-reported atopic dermatitis with comorbid conditions in adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jevgenija Smirnova ◽  
Scott Montgomery ◽  
Magnus Lindberg ◽  
Åke Svensson ◽  
Laura von Kobyletzki
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between atopic dermatitis (AD) and other common chronic health conditions in adults. Methods A cross-sectional survey was sent to a randomly selected population sample of 78,004 adults in Sweden. The questionnaires included measures of self-reported physical and mental health. Binary and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine the associations of AD with common chronic health conditions and psychological wellbeing. Results AD was self-reported by 4,175 respondents, representing almost 14% of the study population of 34,313 adults. Our results showed positive associations between AD and chronic health disorders, including conditions of the oral cavity: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30 to 1.92), asthma (aOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.91 to 2.38), mild recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR] = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.64 to 1.92), high blood pressure (aOR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.26), obesity (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.47), mild joint pain (aRRR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.35 to 1.61), mild headache or migraine (aRRR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.38 to 1.64), caries (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.49), bleeding gums (aOR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.38 to 2.08), periodontitis (aOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.77), sensitive teeth (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.35 to 1.82), and dry mouth (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.33 to 1.74). Adjustment for asthma and depression attenuated the magnitude of the associations between AD and the study outcomes. AD was also associated with poorer general psychological wellbeing. Conclusions Adults reporting AD may be at increased risk of chronic disorders and decreased psychological wellbeing. Physicians should recognize that individuals with severe AD and those with comorbid asthma or depression may be especially vulnerable.

scholarly journals Physical multimorbidity patterns and depressive symptoms: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000234
Author(s):  
Takuya Aoki ◽  
Yosuke Yamamoto ◽  
Sayaka Shimizu ◽  
Shunichi Fukuhara
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Japanese Residents ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Multimorbid Patients

ObjectiveThe associations of physical multimorbidity with depressive symptoms have been investigated in a number of studies. However, whether patterns of chronic physical conditions have comparatively different associations with depressive symptoms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of physical multimorbidity patterns with depressive symptoms.DesignThis study was designed as a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Japan.SettingGeneral sample of the Japanese population.ParticipantsAdult Japanese residents were selected by a quota sampling method. Data were analysed from 1788 residents who reported one or more chronic health conditions.ResultsAmong four physical multimorbidity patterns: cardiovascular-renal-metabolic (CRM), skeletal-articular-digestive (SAD), respiratory-dermal (RDE) and malignant-digestive-urologic (MDU), multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the RDE pattern showed the strongest association with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.31 for the pattern score highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile), followed by SAD and MDU patterns (aOR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.98 for the SAD pattern score highest quartile; 1.41, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.96 for the MDU pattern score highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile). In contrast, the CRM pattern score was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.31, 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.89 for the pattern score highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile).ConclusionsPhysical multimorbidity patterns have different associations with depressive symptoms. Among these patterns, patients with the RDE pattern may be at a higher risk for developing depressive symptoms. This study reinforces the evidence that cluster pattern of chronic health conditions is a useful measure for clinical management of multimorbidity as it is differently associated with mental health status, which is one of the crucial outcomes for multimorbid patients.

scholarly journals Change in Stress and Positive Experiences among Older Oregonians during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 722-723
Author(s):  
Maria Kurth ◽  
Hye Soo Lee ◽  
Soyoung Choun ◽  
Carolyn Aldwin ◽  
Dylan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Positive Experiences

Abstract Several cross-sectional studies have examined stressors and positive events among older adults during COVID-19. We extend these studies by examining changes across time in perceptions of stress and positive experiences. Older adults in Oregon (Mage = 71.1, SD = 7.3, range = 51-95) completed weekly surveys from April 28 to June 23, responding to an adaptation of the Daily Stress Inventory (DISE; Almeida et al., 2002). DISE examines stressors and positive experiences across six domains (health, spouse/partner, other relationships, work/volunteer, finances, and retirement) on a 7-point scale (1 = not at all to 7 = extremely). At baseline, those who felt more stressed were younger, female, and reported more chronic health conditions, while younger adults, especially males, reported more positive events. Positive and stress intensity scores were not correlated. Multilevel models found that for both positive, Blinear = -2.54, SE = 0.52, p &lt; .001; Bquadratic = 0.21, p &lt; .05, and stress, Blinear = -0.79, p &lt; .001; Bquadratic = 0.07, p &lt;.01, intensity showed decelerated decreases across time; residuals for both models were significant. Older adults had lower stress levels, while women and those with chronic health conditions had higher stress levels. Women also reported lower levels of positive events. In both models, neither age, gender, nor chronic health conditions predicted change. These results highlight the evolving experiences during COVID-19, as perceptions of stress and positive events decreased. Future studies should examine how the changing circumstances during COVID-19 affect adaptation, including perceived stress and positive events.

scholarly journals Intersectionality: Social Marginalisation and Self-Reported Health Status in Young People

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8104
Author(s):  
Fiona Robards ◽  
Melissa Kang ◽  
Georgina Luscombe ◽  
Catherine Hawke ◽  
Lena Sanci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Young People ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Marginalised Groups ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

Background: The aim of this study was to measure young people’s health status and explore associations between health status and belonging to one or more socio-culturally marginalised group. Methods: part of the Access 3 project, this cross-sectional survey of young people aged 12–24 years living in New South Wales, Australia, oversampled young people from one or more of the following groups: Aboriginal and or Torres Strait Islander; living in rural and remote areas; homeless; refugee; and/or, sexuality and/or gender diverse. This paper reports on findings pertaining to health status, presence of chronic health conditions, psychological distress, and wellbeing measures. Results: 1416 participants completed the survey; 897 (63.3%) belonged to at least one marginalised group; 574 (40.5%) to one, 281 (19.8%) to two and 42 (3.0%) to three or four groups. Belonging to more marginalised groups was significantly associated with having more chronic health conditions (p = 0.001), a greater likelihood of high psychological distress (p = 0.001) and of illness or injury related absence from school or work (p < 0.05). Conclusions: increasing marginalisation is associated with decreasing health status. Using an intersectional lens can to be a useful way to understand disadvantage for young people belonging to multiple marginalised groups.

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