scholarly journals Seeing Climate Change: A Framework for Understanding Visualizations for Climate Adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Alexei Goudine ◽  
Robert Newell ◽  
Christopher Bone
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Expert User ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Effective Visualization

Climate change has resulted in the need for adaptation tools to provide stakeholders with the ability to respond to a broad range of potential impacts. Geovisualizations serve as powerful engagement tools due to their capacity in communicating complex climate data to various audiences. Studies have also shown a preference towards conveying climate data through geo-visual representations, to quickly present ideas rooted in geographical challenges and solutions. However, a rapid pace of technological advancements has paved the way for an abundance of geovisualization products that have eclipsed the necessary theoretical inquiry and knowledge required to establish effective visualization principles. This study addresses this research gap through a two-step process of (1) conducting a thorough review of the geovisualization for climate change literature, and (2) creating a conceptual framework that classifies existing geovisualization products into themes relating to visualization features, audiences, and the intended outcome or purpose of the visualization medium. The result is the Climate Visualizations for Adaptation Products (CVAP) framework, a tool for researchers and practitioners to use as a decision support system to discern an appropriate type of geovisualization product to implement within a specific use case or audience. Visualizations with more interactivity were favoured among expert user groups, to act as tools for knowledge discovery. This is contrary to the visualizations intended for communicating a known message to a user group, as those products often had a low level of interactivity associated with their use.

The impact of climate change on Canadian archives

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Disaster Planning ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to identify Canadian archives that are at risk for climate change threats, to present a snapshot of current practices around disaster planning, sustainability and climate adaptation and to provide recommended next steps for records managers and archivists adapting to climate change. Design/methodology/approach These objectives were achieved by analyzing the geographic locations of Canadian archives in relation to projected climate data and by analyzing the results of a survey distributed to staff at Canadian archival repositories. Findings This study found that all Canadian archives will be impacted by projected changes in both annual mean temperatures and precipitation to the year 2080. Themes that emerged surrounding climate adaptation strategies include the investment in the design and efficiency of spaces housing records and the importance of resilient buildings, the need for increased training on climate change, engaging senior leadership and administrators on climate change and developing regional strategies. Preparing for and mitigating the impact of climate change on the facilities and holdings needs to become a priority. Originality/value This research underscores the importance of developing climate adaptation strategies, considering the sustainability of records management and archival professional practice, increasing the resilience of the facilities and records and strengthening the disaster planning and recovery methods.

scholarly journals The European Climate Data Explorer - a new web portal providing interactive access to climate change information for Europe 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Martin Füssel ◽  
Samuel Almond
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Climate Hazards

<p>The Copernicus Climate Change Service’s (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS) contains a wealth of information about the Earth's recent past, present and future climate. The CDS catalogue contains both general climate datasets, such as climate observations, seasonal forecasts, global and regional reanalyses and global and regional climate projections datasets, and in addition derived Climate Impact Indices<em> </em>(CII). CIIs are processed data which was developed to respond to specific sectoral needs. Most CII datasets were developed as part of the C3S Sectoral Information System (SIS) activities, which develops user-oriented products for various climate-sensitive sectors (e.g., water management, energy, biodiversity, human health and tourism).</p><p>The European Climate Data Explorer (ECDE) is a new web portal providing interactive access to selected climate variables and indices included in the CDS. It is hosted on the European Climate Adaptation Platform (Climate-ADAPT), a publicly accessible web portal managed by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in collaboration with the European Commission. The ECDE aims to facilitate access to a wide range of data on observed and projected climate change in Europe. Such data are relevant, among others, for developing and implementing national and subnational climate adaptation strategies and plans, including sectoral strategies.</p><p>The variables and indices currently included in the ECDE reflect user needs expressed through an EEA-led stakeholder consultation as well as data availability from C3S-led SIS contracts. The interactive access allows users to zoom in on maps in order to focus on regions of interest, show time series for specific countries and subnational regions (to NUTS level 3), and export images and data. The ECDE will be expanded further in response to user needs and increasing data availability in the CDS. This expansion will include additional sectoral indices as well as new data sources (e.g. from CMIP6).</p><p>The ECDE is complemented by the online EEA Report <em>Changing climate hazards in Europe</em> and a Technical Paper. These products provide further information on the underlying indices and datasets. The report also presents past and projected trends for key climate hazards across Europe.</p><p>The ECDE lowers the technical hurdles that limit access to CDS data for a large part of EEA’s target audience. Doing so, the ECDE supports the European Green Deal, including the new EU Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change, and the EU Mission on Adaptation to climate change including societal transformation.</p>

scholarly journals Marae-opoly: supporting localised Māori climate adaptation decisions with serious games in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Blackett ◽  
Stephen FitzHerbert ◽  
Jordan Luttrell ◽  
Tania Hopmans ◽  
Hayley Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Indigenous Research ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Research Partnerships ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
Adaptation Options

AbstractFar from being passive and/or static victims of climate change, indigenous peoples are hybridizing knowledge systems, and challenging and negotiating new environmental and social realities to develop their own adaptation options within their own registers of what is place and culture appropriate. Our paper seeks to demonstrate how we, as guests on Māori land, were able to develop a partnership with a Māori community facing difficult adaptation decisions regarding climate change hazards through the pragmatic navigation of multi-disciplinary research and practice. In particular, we co-developed and tested the potential of a serious game (Marae-opoly) approach as a platform which assembles cross-cultural climate change knowledge to learn, safely experiment and inform adaptation decisions. Marae-opoly was developed bespoke to its intended context—to support the creation of mutually agreeable dynamic adaptive policy pathways (DAPP) for localized flood adaptation. Game material was generated by drawing together detailed local knowledge (i.e. hydrology, climate data, mātauranga hapū) and situated adaptation options and accurate contextual data to create a credible gaming experience for the hapū of Tangoio Marae. We argue that the in-situ co-development process used to co-create Marae-opoly was fundamental in its success in achieving outcomes for the hapū. It also provided important lessons for the research team regarding how to enter as respectful guests and work together effectively to provide a resource to support our partners' adaptation decisions. The paper discusses the steps taken to establish research partnerships and develop the serious game and its subsequent playing, albeit we do not evaluate our indigenous research partners' adaptation decisions. Our contribution with this paper is in sharing an approach which cultivated the ground to enter as respectful guests and work together effectively to provide a resource for our partners' adaptation decisions.

The Climate Information platform: A climate science basis for climate adaptation and mitigation activities in developing countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Gyllensvärd ◽  
Christiana Photiadou ◽  
Berit Arheimer ◽  
Lorna Little ◽  
Elin Sjökvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Scientific Framework

<p>The World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) are collaborating on a project providing expert services for enhancing the climate science basis of GCF-funded activities. The goal is to ensure that the causal links between climate and climate impacts, and between climate action and societal benefits, are fully grounded in the best available climate data and science.  Five pilot countries are participating in this phase of the project: St Lucia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Cape Verde, Cambodia, and Paraguay, with an audience of national experts, international stakeholders, and policy and decision makers.</p><p>The scientific framework which we follow here is a compendium of available data, methods and tools for analysing and documenting the past, present and potential future climate conditions which a GCF-funded project or adaptation plan might seek to address. Through the WMO-GCF-SMHI project, the methodology, scientific framework, data, methods and tools to link global to local data are complemented by hands-on support, backed by access to relevant data and tools through a structured access platform.</p><p>In this presentation we elaborate on the lessons learnt from a number of workshops that were designed for the five pilot countries. The main focus of the workshops was a hands-on opportunity of national experts and international stakeholders to work with the WMO methodology in order to develop a GCF proposal for future funding. The participants in each country worked intensively during a five-day workshop on each step of the methodology: Problem definition, Identification of climate science basis, Interpretation of data analysis, selection of best adaptation/mitigation options, and assessment of adaptation/mitigation effectiveness.</p><p>Assessing past and current climate and climate projections is the basis for inferring real and potential climate change and related impacts. For this, SMHI has developed a new interactive online platform/service (https://climateinformation.org/) to facilitate the communication between the GCF and developing countries and provide access to state of the art climate data to be used in impact assessment planning. The new service provides data for robust climate analysis to underpin decision-making when planning measures for climate adaptation or mitigation. Readily available climate indicators will help defining future problems, assess climatic stressors, and analyse current and future risks. This makes a climate case, which is the basis for developing interventions and propose investments. In particular the service provides:</p><ul><li>Easy access to many climate indicators, based on state-of-the-art climate science.</li> <li>Instant summary reports of climate change for any site on the globe.</li> <li>Guidance on how to link global changes to local observations.</li> </ul>

scholarly journals Response of Carbon Dynamics to Climate Change Varied among Different Vegetation Types in Central Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifei Han ◽  
Geping Luo ◽  
Chaofan Li ◽  
Shoubo Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
A Value ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The effect of climate change on the spatio-temporal patterns of the terrestrial carbon dynamics in Central Asia have not been adequately quantified despite its potential importance to the global carbon cycle. Therefore, the modified BioGeochemical Cycles (Biome-BGC) model was applied in this study to evaluate the impacts of climatic change on net primary productivity (NPP) and net ecosystem productivity. Four vegetation types were studied during the period 1979 to 2011: cropland, grassland, forest, and shrubland. The results indicated that: (1) The climate data showed that Central Asia experienced a rise in annual mean temperature and a decline in precipitation from 1979 to 2011; (2) the mean NPP for Central Asia in 1979–2011 was 281.79 gC m−2 yr−1, and the cropland had the highest NPP compared with the other vegetation types, with a value of 646.25 gC m−2 yr−1; (3) grassland presented as a carbon source (−0.21 gC m−2 yr−1), whereas the other three types were carbon sinks; (4) the four vegetation types showed similar responses to climate variation during the past 30 years, and grassland is the most sensitive ecosystem in Central Asia. This study explored the possible implications for climate adaptation and mitigation.

scholarly journals Seasonal migration as a life history trait facilitating adaptation to climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Carbeck ◽  
Tongli Wang ◽  
Jane Reid ◽  
Peter Arcese
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Distribution Models

Predicting the geographic range of species and their response to variation in climate are entwined goals in conservation and evolutionary ecology. Species distribution models (SDMs) are foundational in this effort and used to visualize the geographic range of species as the spatial representation of its realized niche, or when based only on climate, its climate niche. SDMs can also forecast shifts in species range given climate change, but often lack of empirical support for causal links between climate and demography, yielding uncertain predictions. We addressed such uncertainties whilst also exploring the role of migration and resident life-histories in climate adaptation in mobile animals using 48 years of detailed demographic and climate data for song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), a polytypic species that varies in migratory life history. We developed SDMs representing demographic and climate niches of migratory and resident populations in western North America from California (CA) to Alaska (AK) using data from a focal population in British Columbia (BC) and 1.2 million citizen science observations. Distributions of resident and migrant populations predicted by each model agreed strongly (72.8%) in the region of our focal population, but less well in regions with dissimilar climates. Mismatches were largest in CA, smaller in AK, but in all cases supported the hypothesis that climate influences the evolution of migration and limits year-round residency. Our results imply that migrants predominated in our focal population a century ago, but that climate change has favored range expansions by non-migratory phenotypes and facilitated an upward shift in the elevational range of residents. We suggest long-term studies are crucial to evaluating the predictions of SDMs positing causal links between climatic conditions and species demography. We found such links to be robust regionally and particularly useful to elucidating the potential for migration or residence to facilitate adaptation to climate change.

scholarly journals Improving the climate data management in the meteorological service of Angola: experience from SASSCAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Posada ◽  
Domingos Nascimento ◽  
Francisco Osvaldo S. Neto ◽  
Jens Riede ◽  
Frank Kaspar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Service Centre ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
First Results ◽  
Science Service

Abstract. The knowledge on climate variability in parts of Southern Africa is limited because of the low availability of historic and present-day ground-based observations (Niang et al., 2014). However, there is an increased need of climate information for research, climate adaptation measures and climate services. To respond to the challenges of climate change and related issues, Angola, Botswana, Germany, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia have initiated the interdisciplinary regional competence centre SASSCAL, the "Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management". As part of the initiative, Germany's national meteorological service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD) cooperates with the meteorological services of Angola, Botswana and Zambia in order to improve the management and availability of historical and present-day climate data in these countries. The first results of the cooperation between the German and the Angolan Meteorological Services are presented here. International assessments have shown that improvements of the data management concepts are needed in several countries. The experience of this cooperation can therefore provide hints for comparable activities in other regions.

scholarly journals Understanding institutional barriers in the climate change adaptation planning process of the city of Beirut: vicious cycles and opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Zea-Reyes ◽  
Veronica Olivotto ◽  
Sylvia I. Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
Poor Individual ◽  
Competing Priorities

AbstractCities around the world are confronted with the need to put in place climate adaptation policies to protect citizens and properties from climate change impacts. This article applies components of the framework developed by Moser and Ekström (2010) onto empirical qualitative data to diagnose institutional barriers to climate change adaptation in the Municipality of Beirut, Lebanon. Our approach reveals the presence of two vicious cycles influencing each other. In the first cycle, the root cause barrier is major political interference generating competing priorities and poor individual interest in climate change. A second vicious cycle is derived from feedbacks caused by the first and leading to the absence of a dedicated department where sector specific climate risk information is gathered and shared with other departments, limited knowledge and scientific understanding, as well as a distorted framing or vision, where climate change is considered unrelated to other issues and is to be dealt with at higher levels of government. The article also highlights the need to analyze interlinkages between barriers in order to suggest how to overcome them. The most common way to overcome barriers according to interviewees is through national and international support followed by the creation of a data bank. These opportunities could be explored by national and international policy-makers to break the deadlock in Beirut.

scholarly journals Tarzan and chain: exploring the ICO jungle and evaluating design archetypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina M. Bachmann ◽  
Benedict Drasch ◽  
Gilbert Fridgen ◽  
Michael Miksch ◽  
Ferdinand Regner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Funding Mechanism ◽  
Research Gap

AbstractThe phenomenon of a blockchain use case called initial coin offering (ICO) is drawing increasing attention as a novel funding mechanism. ICO is a crowdfunding type that utilizes blockchain tokens to allow for truly peer-to-peer investments. Although more than $7bn has been raised globally via ICOs as at 2018, the concept and its implications are not yet entirely understood. The research lags behind in providing in-depth analyses of ICO designs and their long-term success. We address this research gap by developing an ICO taxonomy, applying a cluster analysis to identify prevailing ICO archetypes, and providing an outlook on the token value market performance for individual archetypes. We identify five ICO design archetypes and display their secondary market development from both a short-term and a long-term perspective. We contribute to an in-depth understanding of ICOs and their implications. Further, we offer practitioners tangible design and success indications for future ICOs.

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