scholarly journals SpPKE1, a Multiple Stress-Responsive Gene Confers Salt Tolerance in Tomato and Tobacco

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhua Li ◽  
Chunrui Chen ◽  
Juanjuan Wei ◽  
Yu Pan ◽  
Chenggang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Abiotic Tolerance ◽  
Cultivated Species

Understanding the mechanism of abiotic-tolerance and producing germplasm of abiotic tolerance are important in plant research. Wild species often show more tolerance of environmental stress factors than their cultivated counterparts. Genes from wild species show potential abilities to improve abiotic resistance in cultivated species. Here, a tomato proline-, lysine-, and glutamic-rich type gene SpPKE1 was isolated from abiotic-resistant species (Solanum pennellii LA0716) for over-expression in tomato and tobacco for salt tolerance. The protein encoded by SpPKE1 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm in tobacco. SpPKE1 and SlPKE1 (from cultivated species S. lycopersicum cv. M82) shared 89.7% similarity in amino acid sequences and their transcripts abundance in flowers and fruits was reduced by the imposition of drought or oxidative stress and the exogenous supply of abscisic acid. The DNA of the PKE1 promoter was highly methylated in fruit and leaf, and the methylation of the coding sequence in leaf was significantly higher than that in fruit at different development stages. The over-expression of SpPKE1 under the control of a CaMV (Cauliflower Mosaic Virus) 35S promoter in transgenic tomato and tobacco plants enhanced their tolerance to salt stress. PKE1 was downregulated by abiotic stresses but enhanced the plant’s salt stress tolerance. Therefore, this gene may be involved in post-transcriptional regulation and may be an important candidate for molecular breeding of salt-tolerant plants.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis and differential gene expression profiling of two contrasting quinoa genotypes in response to salt stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pibiao Shi ◽  
Minfeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Regulation Mechanism

Abstract Background Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and yield, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. Quinoa is considered as one of the most promising crops in the future for its high nutrition value and strong adaptability to extreme weather and soil conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to salinity stress of quinoa remain poorly understood. To identify candidate genes related to salt tolerance, we performed reference-guided assembly and compared the gene expression in roots treated with 300 mM NaCl for 0, 0.5, 2, and 24 h of two contrasting quinoa genotypes differing in salt tolerance. Results The salt-tolerant (ST) genotype displayed higher seed germination rate and plant survival rate, and stronger seedling growth potential as well than the salt-sensitive (SS) genotype under salt stress. An average of 38,510,203 high-quality clean reads were generated. Significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified to deeper understand the differential response. Transcriptome analysis indicated that salt-responsive genes in quinoa were mainly related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, several pathways were significantly enriched amongst the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ST genotypes, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. One hundred seventeen DEGs were common to various stages of both genotypes, identified as core salt-responsive genes, including some transcription factor members, like MYB, WRKY and NAC, and some plant hormone signal transduction related genes, like PYL, PP2C and TIFY10A, which play an important role in the adaptation to salt conditions of this species. The expression patterns of 21 DEGs were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq results. Conclusions We identified candidate genes involved in salt tolerance in quinoa, as well as some DEGs exclusively expressed in ST genotype. The DEGs common to both genotypes under salt stress may be the key genes for quinoa to adapt to salinity environment. These candidate genes regulate salt tolerance primarily by participating in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, protein kinases biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and other important biological processes. These findings provide theoretical basis for further understanding the regulation mechanism underlying salt tolerance network of quinoa, as well establish foundation for improving its tolerance to salinity in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis and differential gene expression profiling of two contrasting quinoa genotypes in response to salt stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pibiao Shi ◽  
Minfeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Regulation Mechanism

Abstract Background: Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and yield, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. Quinoa is considered as one of the most promising crops in the future for its high nutrition value and strong adaptability to extreme weather and soil conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to salinity stress of quinoa remain poorly understood. To identify candidate genes related to salt tolerance, we performed reference-guided assembly and compared the gene expression in roots treated with 300 mM NaCl for 0, 0.5, 2, and 24 h of two contrasting quinoa genotypes differing in salt tolerance.Results: The salt-tolerant (ST) genotype displayed higher seed germination rate and plant survival rate, and stronger seedling growth potential as well than the salt-sensitive (SS) genotype under salt stress. An average of 38,510,203 high-quality clean reads were generated. Significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified to deeper understand the differential response. Transcriptome analysis indicated that salt-responsive genes in quinoa were mainly related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, several pathways were significantly enriched amongst the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ST genotypes, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. 117 DEGs were common to various stages of both genotypes, identified as core salt-responsive genes, including some transcription factor members, like MYB, WRKY and NAC, and some plant hormone signal transduction related genes, like PYL, PP2C and TIFY10A, which play an important role in the adaptation to salt conditions of this species. The expression patterns of 21 DEGs were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq results. Conclusions: We identified candidate genes involved in salt tolerance in quinoa, as well as some DEGs exclusively expressed in ST genotype. The DEGs common to both genotypes under salt stress may be the key genes for quinoa to adapt to salinity environment. These candidate genes regulate salt tolerance primarily by participating in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, protein kinases biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and other important biological processes. These findings provide theoretical basis for further understanding the regulation mechanism underlying salt tolerance network of quinoa, as well establish foundation for improving its tolerance to salinity in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis and differential gene expression profiling of two contrasting quinoa genotypes in response to salt stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pibiao Shi ◽  
Minfeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Regulation Mechanism

Abstract Background: Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and yield, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. Quinoa is considered as one of the most promising crops in the future for its high nutrition value and strong adaptability to extreme weather and soil conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to salinity stress of quinoa remain poorly understood. To identify candidate genes related to salt tolerance, we performed reference-guided assembly and compared the gene expression in roots treated with 300 mM NaCl for 0, 0.5, 2, and 24 h of two contrasting quinoa genotypes differing in salt tolerance.Results: The salt-tolerant (ST) genotype displayed higher seed germination rate and plant survival rate, and stronger seedling growth potential as well than the salt-sensitive (SS) genotype under salt stress. An average of 38,510,203 high-quality clean reads were generated. Significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified to deeper understand the differential response. Transcriptome analysis indicated that salt-responsive genes in quinoa were mainly related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, several pathways were significantly enriched amongst the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ST genotypes, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. 117 DEGs were common to various stages of both genotypes, identified as core salt-responsive genes, including some transcription factor members, like MYB, WRKY and NAC, and some plant hormone signal transduction related genes, like PYL, PP2C and TIFY10A, which play an important role in the adaptation to salt conditions of this species. The expression patterns of 21 DEGs were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq results.Conclusions: We identified candidate genes involved in salt tolerance in quinoa, as well as some DEGs exclusively expressed in ST genotype. The DEGs common to both genotypes under salt stress may be the key genes for quinoa to adapt to salinity environment. These candidate genes regulate salt tolerance primarily by participating in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, protein kinases biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and other important biological processes. These findings provide theoretical basis for further understanding the regulation mechanism underlying salt tolerance network of quinoa, as well establish foundation for improving its tolerance to salinity in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Overexpression of Medicago sativa glutamate-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSA) gene in tobacco increased photosynthesis efficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Mahdi Khozeai ◽  
Hamzeh Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Photosynthesis Efficiency ◽  
Individual Enzyme

AbstractTo investigate the effect of increased glutamate-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSA) on photosynthetic capacity and growth, tobacco (Nicoliana tabacum L. Xanti) plants with increased levels of glutamate-semialdehyde aminotransferase protein were produced. This was achieved using a cassette composed of a full-length Medicago sative cDNA under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The results revealed distinct impacts of GSA activity on photosynthesis rate and growth in GSA over expression tobacco plants. In transgenic plants with increased GSA activity, an increase in soluble and insoluble sugars accumulation was evident. Total biomass, leaf area, plant height and internode 3-4 were increased in GSA sense plants, compared with equivalent wild-type tobacco plants. Moreover, transgenic tobacco plants with increased GSA activity exhibit higher levels of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) accumulation and increased in content of chlorophyll and carotenoids pigments. Collectively, our data suggest that higher level of GSA activity gives an advantage to photosynthesis, growth in tobacco plants. This work also provides a case study that an individual enzyme in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll pathway may serve as a useful target for genetic engineering to improve photosynthesis and growth in plants.HighlightOverexpression of glutamate-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSA) increase photosynthetic capacity, growth in tobacco.

scholarly journals Polyubiquitin Promoter-Based Binary Vectors for Overexpression and Gene Silencing in Lotus japonicus

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaki Maekawa ◽  
Mitsumasa Kusakabe ◽  
Yoshikazu Shimoda ◽  
Shusei Sato ◽  
Satoshi Tabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Binary Vectors ◽  
Gus Reporter Gene ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Gus Reporter ◽  
Alternative Choice

In this study, we compared the transcriptional activities between Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV)35S promoter and polyubiquitin (Ljubq1) promoter from Lotus japonicus using β-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene in transgenic plants of L. japonicus. The promoter analysis demonstrated that the Ljubq1 promoter possessed higher activity than the CaMV35S promoter in leaves, stems, roots, nodules, and pollen. Finally, we created GATEWAY conversion technology-compatible binary vectors for over-expression and RNA interference under the Ljubq1 promoter. These materials could provide alternative choice for studies in L. japonicus.

Over-expression of the water and salt stress-regulated Asr1 gene confers an increased salt tolerance

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1459-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. KALIFA ◽  
E. PERLSON ◽  
A. GILAD ◽  
Z. KONRAD ◽  
P. A. SCOLNIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Over Expression

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis and differential gene expression profiling of two contrasting quinoa genotypes in response to salt stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pibiao Shi ◽  
Minfeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Regulation Mechanism

Abstract Background: Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and yield, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. Quinoa is considered as one of the most promising crops in the future for its high nutrition value and strong adaptability to extreme weather and soil conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to salinity stress of quinoa remain poorly understood. To identify candidate genes related to salt tolerance, we performed reference-guided assembly and compared the gene expression in roots treated with 300 mM NaCl for 0, 0.5, 2, and 24 h of two contrasting quinoa genotypes differing in salt tolerance.Results: The salt-tolerant (ST) genotype displayed higher seed germination rate and plant survival rate, and stronger seedling growth potential as well than the salt-sensitive (SS) genotype under salt stress. An average of 38,510,203 high-quality clean reads were generated. Significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified to deeper understand the differential response. Transcriptome analysis indicated that salt-responsive genes in quinoa were mainly related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, several pathways were significantly enriched amongst the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ST genotypes, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. 117 DEGs were common to various stages of both genotypes, identified as core salt-responsive genes, including some transcription factor members, like MYB, WRKY and NAC, and some plant hormone signal transduction related genes, like PYL, PP2C and TIFY10A, which play an important role in the adaptation to salt conditions of this species. The expression patterns of 21 DEGs were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq results. Conclusions: We identified candidate genes involved in salt tolerance in quinoa, as well as some DEGs exclusively expressed in ST genotype. The DEGs common to both genotypes under salt stress may be the key genes for quinoa to adapt to salinity environment. These candidate genes regulate salt tolerance primarily by participating in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, protein kinases biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and other important biological processes. These findings provide theoretical basis for further understanding the regulation mechanism underlying salt tolerance network of quinoa, as well establish foundation for improving its tolerance to salinity in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals (139) A Capacity for Mannitol Biosynthesis is a Critical Component of Salt Tolerance in Celery

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057B-1057
Author(s):  
Wayne H. Loescher ◽  
Paolo Sabbatini ◽  
Guo-Qing Song ◽  
Kenneth Sink ◽  
James Flore
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Antisense Transgenic Plants ◽  
Antisense Construct

Mannitol, a sugar alcohol that appears to serve as an osmoprotectant/compatible solute to cope with salt stress, is synthesized in celery (Apium graveolens L.) via the action of a NADPH dependent mannose-6-phosphate reductase (M6PR). To evaluate the abiotic stress effects of mannitol biosynthesis, we transformed celery with an antisense construct of the celery leaf M6PR gene under control of the CaMV 35S promoter. Unlike wild type (WT) celery, independent antisense M6PR transformants did not accumulate significant amounts of mannitol in any tissue, with or without salt stress. In the absence of NaCl, and despite the lack of any significant accumulation of mannitol that is normally the major photosynthetic product, antisense transformants were mostly phenotypically similar to the WT celery. However, in the presence of NaCl, mature antisense transgenic plants were significantly less salt-tolerant, with reduced growth and photosynthetic rates, and some transformant lines were killed at 200 mM NaCl, a concentration that WT celery can normally withstand. Although mannitol biosynthesis is normally enhanced in salt-treated WT celery, no such increase was observed in the antisense transformants. Like our previous gain of function results showing enhanced salt tolerance in Arabidopsis plants transgenic for a sense M6PR construct, these loss of function results, using an antisense construct in celery, demonstrate a major role for mannitol biosynthesis in developing salt-tolerant plants.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis and Differential Gene Expression Profiling of Two Contrasting Quinoa Genotypes in Response to Salt Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pibiao Shi ◽  
Minfeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Regulation Mechanism

Abstract Background: Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and yield, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. Quinoa is considered as one of the most promising crops in the future for its high nutrition value and strong adaptability to extreme weather and soil conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to salinity stress of quinoa remain poorly understood. To identify candidate genes related to salt tolerance, we performed reference-guided assembly and compared the gene expression in roots treated with 300 mM NaCl for 0, 0.5, 2, and 24 h of two contrasting quinoa genotypes differing in salt tolerance.Results: The salt-tolerant (ST) genotype displayed higher seed germination rate and plant survival rate, and stronger seedling growth potential as well than the salt-sensitive (SS) genotype under salt stress. An average of 38,510,203 high-quality clean reads were generated. Significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified to deeper understand the differential response. Transcriptome analysis indicated that salt-responsive genes in quinoa were mainly related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, several pathways were significantly enriched amongst the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ST genotypes, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. 117 DEGs were common to various stages of both genotypes, identified as core salt-responsive genes, including some transcription factor members, like MYB, WRKY and NAC, and some plant hormone signal transduction related genes, like PYL, PP2C and TIFY10A, which play an important role in the adaptation to salt conditions of this species. The expression patterns of 21 DEGs were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq results. Conclusions: We identified candidate genes involved in salt tolerance in quinoa, as well as some DEGs exclusively expressed in ST genotype. The DEGs common to both genotypes under salt stress may be the key genes for quinoa to adapt to salinity environment. These candidate genes regulate salt tolerance primarily by participating in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, protein kinases biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction and other important biological processes. These findings provide theoretical basis for further understanding the regulation mechanism underlying salt tolerance network of quinoa, as well establish foundation for improving its tolerance to salinity in future breeding programs.

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