scholarly journals High-Fish Oil and High-Lard Diets Differently Affect Testicular Antioxidant Defense and Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Balance in Male Wistar Rats: Potential Protective Effect of ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Targeting Mitochondria Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Migliaccio ◽  
Sica ◽  
Di Gregorio ◽  
Putti ◽  
Lionetti
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Fusion ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Mitochondria Dynamics ◽  
Fat Diets

High-fat diets rich in fish oil (HFO diet, mainly ω3-PUFAs), in contrast to high-fat diets rich in lard (HL diet, mainly saturated fatty acids) have been shown to induce improvement in mitochondrial function and fusion processes associated with a reduction in reactive oxygen species production in both liver and skeletal muscle. High-fat diets may also impair testicular function, and mitochondria represent important cellular organelles with a pivotal role in reproductive function. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that frequently undergo fission/fusion processes. A shift toward mitochondrial fusion process has been associated with improvement of mitochondrial function, as well as with ω3-PUFAs protective effects. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of chronic overfeeding (six weeks) with HFO or HL diet on testicular tissue histology, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, and mitochondrial fusion (mitofusin 2) and fission (dynamic related protein 1) protein. Our results showed that HFO diet induced less testicular histology impairment, oxidative stress, and apoptosis compared to a HL diet. This finding was associated with an increase in antioxidant activities and a shift toward mitochondrial fusion processes induced by HFO diet compared to HL diet, suggesting that ω3-PUFAs may act as bioactive compound targeting mitochondria dynamics to prevent testicular impairment.

scholarly journals Serum lipids, hepatic glycerolipid metabolism and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in rats fed ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids

1992 ◽  
Vol 283 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Rustan ◽  
E N Christiansen ◽  
C A Drevon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Peroxisomal Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Peroxisomal Fatty Acid

Rats were fed, for 3 weeks, high-fat (20% w/w) diets containing sunflower-seed oil, linseed oil or fish oil. Chow-fed rats were used as a low-fat reference. The high-fat diets markedly reduced non-fasting-rat serum triacylglycerol as compared with the low-fat reference, and the highest reduction (85%) was observed with the fish-oil group, which was significantly lower than that of the other high-fat diets. The serum concentration of phospholipids was significantly reduced (30%) only in the fish-oil-fed animals, whereas serum non-esterified fatty acids were reduced 40-50% by both the fish-oil- and linseed-oil-fed groups. The liver content of triacylglycerol showed a 1.7-fold increase with the fish-oil diet and 2-2.5-fold with the other dietary groups when compared with rats fed a low-fat diet, whereas the hepatic content of phospholipids was unchanged. Peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation (acyl-CoA oxidase) was 2-fold increased for the rats fed fish oil; however this was not significantly higher when comparison was made with rats fed the linseed-oil diet. There was no difference in phosphatidate hydrolysis (microsomal and cytosolic fractions) among animals fed the various diets. Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity was increased by all high-fat diets, but the fish-oil-diet-fed group showed a significantly lower enzyme activity than did rats fed the other high-fat diets. A linear correlation between acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity and liver triacylglycerol was observed, and the microsomal enzyme activity was decreased 40-50% by incubation in the presence of eicosapentaenoyl-CoA. CoA derivatives of arachidonic, linolenic and linoleic acid had no inhibitory effect when compared with the control. These results indicate that dietary fish oil may have greater triacylglycerol-lowering effect than other polyunsaturated diets, owing to decreased triacylglycerol synthesis caused by inhibition of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase. In addition, increased peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and decreased availability of non-esterified fatty acids could also contribute by decreasing the amounts of fatty acids as substrates for triacylglycerol synthesis and secretion.

Effects of high fat diets and supplemental tart cherry and fish oil on obesity and type 2 diabetes in male and female C57BL/6J and TALLYHO/Jng mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 108644
Author(s):  
Jacaline K. Parkman ◽  
Kristiana Sklioutovskaya-Lopez ◽  
Kalhara R. Menikdiwela ◽  
Logan Freeman ◽  
Naima Moustaid-Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Resveratrol toxicity: Effects on risk factors for atherosclerosis and hepatic oxidative stress in standard and high-fat diets

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1362-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K.R. Rocha ◽  
G.A. Souza ◽  
G.X. Ebaid ◽  
F.R.F. Seiva ◽  
A.C. Cataneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Toxicity Effects

The combination of maternal and offspring high-fat diets causes marked oxidative stress and development of metabolic syndrome in mouse offspring

Life Sciences ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Ito ◽  
Kiyotaka Nakagawa ◽  
Shunji Kato ◽  
Taiki Miyazawa ◽  
Fumiko Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Effects of high-fat diets rich in either omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids on UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1078-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-R. Lou ◽  
Q.-Y. Peng ◽  
T. Li ◽  
C. M. Medvecky ◽  
Y. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Skin Carcinogenesis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Fat Diets

Influence of high-fat diet from differential dietary sources on bone mineral density, bone strength, and bone fatty acid composition in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Y. Lau ◽  
Val Andrew Fajardo ◽  
Lauren McMeekin ◽  
Sandra M. Sacco ◽  
Wendy E. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Previous studies have suggested that high-fat diets adversely affect bone development. However, these studies included other dietary manipulations, including low calcium, folic acid, and fibre, and (or) high sucrose or cholesterol, and did not directly compare several common sources of dietary fat. Thus, the overall objective of this study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diets that differ in fat quality, representing diets high in saturated fatty acids (SFA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), or n-6 PUFA, on femur bone mineral density (BMD), strength, and fatty acid composition. Forty-day-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were maintained for 65 days on high-fat diets (20% by weight), containing coconut oil (SFA; n = 10), flaxseed oil (n-3 PUFA; n = 10), or safflower oil (n-6 PUFA; n = 11). Chow-fed rats (n = 10), at 105 days of age, were included to represent animals on a control diet. Rats fed high-fat diets had higher body weights than the chow-fed rats (p < 0.001). Among all high-fat groups, there were no differences in femur BMD (p > 0.05) or biomechanical strength properties (p > 0.05). Femurs of groups fed either the high n-3 or high n-6 PUFA diets were stronger (as measured by peak load) than those of the chow-fed group, after adjustment for significant differences in body weight (p = 0.001). As expected, the femur fatty acid profile reflected the fatty acid composition of the diet consumed. These results suggest that high-fat diets, containing high levels of PUFA in the form of flaxseed or safflower oil, have a positive effect on bone strength when fed to male rats 6 to 15 weeks of age.

Brown fat thermogenesis in rats fed high-fat diets enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Oudart ◽  
R Groscolas ◽  
C Calgari ◽  
M Nibbelink ◽  
C Leray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets
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