scholarly journals Identification of In Vitro Metabolites of Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants BHT, BHA, and TBHQ by LC-HRMS/MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9525
Author(s):  
Ons Ousji ◽  
Lekha Sleno
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Fragmentation Behavior ◽  
Accurate Mass Measurements ◽  
Oxidative Metabolites ◽  
Biotransformation Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and its analogs, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert-butyl-hydroquinone (TBHQ), are widely used synthetic preservatives to inhibit lipid oxidation in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Despite their widespread use, little is known about their human exposure and related biotransformation products. The metabolism of these compounds was investigated using in vitro incubations with human and rat liver fractions. Liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry was employed to detect and characterize stable and reactive species formed via oxidative metabolism, as well as phase II conjugates. Several oxidative metabolites have been detected, as well as glutathione, glucuronide, and sulfate conjugates, many of which were not previously reported. A combination of accurate mass measurements, MS/MS fragmentation behavior, and isotope-labeling studies were used to elucidate metabolite structures.

Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants Cause Perturbation in Steroidogenesis in Vitro and in Vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 850-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxi Yang ◽  
Wenting Song ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Zhendong Sun ◽  
Ruirui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants

Phenolic Antioxidants of Auricularia Species and Their Inhibitory Effects on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase and Acetylcholine Esterase Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Si Feng-Ling ◽  
Duan Shu-li ◽  
Wang Xiao ◽  
Wang Lin-Ling
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acetylcholine Esterase ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Auricularia is the genus of an edible jelly fungus known for its high nutritional value and good taste. In this study, the phenolic contents and in vitro bioactivities of four Auricularia species were investigated. The total phenolic contents ranged from 3.5 to 20.1 μmol gallic acid equivalents/g. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin were the predominant phenolic acids present in the soluble fractions of the four species of Auricularia. Particularly, we identified gallic acid and rutin in A. cornea, gallic acid in A. heimuer and selenium-rich A. cornea var. Li, and chlorogenic acid in A. cornea var. Li. In addition, selenium-rich A. cornea var. Li. showed antioxidant properties including inhibitory activity against ABTS, free radical scavenging capacity and lipid peroxidation resistance. The selenium-rich A. cornea var. Li showed superior inhibitory activities toward α-amylase and acetylcholine esterase (IC50 311.7 and 388.6 μg/mL, respectively) compared to other three Auricularia cultivars. The A. cornea var. Li (IC50, 271.4 μg/mL) displayed strong inhibition towards α-glucosidase. The results suggest that a submerged culture of Auricula is an effective method to produce total phenolics which could potentially be used as a natural antioxidant in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

In vitro assessment of synthetic phenolic antioxidants for inhibition of foodborne Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens

Food Control ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Gutiérrez-Larraínzar ◽  
Javier Rúa ◽  
Dolores de Arriaga ◽  
Pilar del Valle ◽  
María Rosario García-Armesto
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants

scholarly journals Identification and Validation of Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants in Various Foods Commonly Consumed in Malaysia by HPLC

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Chen Son Yue ◽  
Wai Lun Hong ◽  
Sheri-Ann Shu Wei Tan ◽  
Khye Er Loh ◽  
Yee Chuan Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Elution Method ◽  
Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants

This study was conducted in order to identify the presence of four synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs): propyl gallate (PG), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in various food stuffs that are commonly consumed in Malaysia. The identification method was optimized and validated before it was applied to the analyses of eighty three food samples which include chewing gum, chili sauce, cereal-based snack food, noodles, potato snack, cereal breakfast, oat, biscuit, cookie, coffee, junk food, seaweed, nut, chocolate, apple juice, orange juice and blackcurrant juice. Twenty nine food samples contained SPAs either singly or in combination. The chromatography conditions such as elution method, flow rate and wavelength were optimized. Good linearity ranges (1–300 mgL–1) were found for all the four phenolic antioxidants. RSD for repeatability and reproducibility ranged from 0.15–0.84% for both precision analyses. LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.02–0.67 and 0.06–2.03 mgL–1, respectively. Recoveries of the four SPAs ranged from 80.4 to 119.0% when selected food items spiked at 10, 50, and 100 mgL–1.

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

Antimutagenic, Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Properties of Sea Grape Leaf Extract Fractions (Coccoloba uvifera L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ramos-Hernández ◽  
Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo ◽  
Armando Burgos-Hernández ◽  
Joel S. García- Romo ◽  
Arturo Navarro-Ocaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Grape Leaf ◽  
First Time

Background: Cancer is a disease characterized by the invasion and uncontrolled growth of cells. One of the best ways to minimize the harmful effects of mutagens is through the use of natural antimutagens. In this regard, the search for new antimutagens that act in the chemoprevention could represent a promising field in this area. Objective: In this study biological potential of 11 fractions from Coccoloba uvifera L. leaf hexane extract was evaluated by several in vitro tests. Methods: Leaves were lyophilized and hexane extraction was performed. The extract was fractionated by column chromatography with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antimutagenic (Ames test), antiproliferative (MTT test), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, and ferrous ion chelation) of the fractions were evaluated. Results: Fractions 4, 6, 8, and 9 have antimutagenic activity (against sodium azide in strain TA100), fraction 11 showed antiproliferative capacity (IC50 of 24 ± 9 μg/mL in cells of HCT 116). The fractions with the highest activity were analyzed by HPLC-MS and lupeol, acacetin, and β-sitosterol were identified. Conclusion: This study demonstrates, for the first time, the bioactivity of C. uvifera leaf as a new source of high biological value compounds (HBVC), which can be of interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Efficient and selective catalytic hydroxylation of unsaturated plant oils: a novel method for producing anti-pathogens

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Senan ◽  
Binru Yin ◽  
Yaoyao Zhang ◽  
Mustapha M. Nasiru ◽  
Yong‐Mei Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Catalytic Method ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Increasing Demand

AbstractWith the increasing demand for antimicrobial agents and the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogens, the exploitation of plant oils to partly replace antibiotic emerges as an important source of fine chemicals, functional food utility and pharmaceutical industries. This work introduces a novel catalytic method of plant oils hydroxylation by Fe(III) citrate monohydrate (Fe3+-cit.)/Na2S2O8 catalyst. Methyl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate (ML) was selected as an example of vegetable oils hydroxylation to its hydroxy-conjugated derivatives (CHML) in the presence of a new complex of Fe(II)-species. Methyl 9,12-di-hydroxyoctadecanoate 1, methyl-9-hydroxyoctadecanoate 2 and methyl (10E,12E)-octadecanoate 3 mixtures is produced under optimized condition with oxygen balloon. The specific hydroxylation activity was lower in the case of using Na2S2O8 alone as a catalyst. A chemical reaction has shown the main process converted of plantoils hydroxylation and (+ 16 Da) of OH- attached at the methyl linoleate (ML-OH). HPLC and MALDI-ToF-mass spectrometry were employed for determining the obtained products. It was found that adding oxidizing agents (Na2S2O8) to Fe3+ in the MeCN mixture with H2O would generate the new complex of Fe(II)-species, which improves the C-H activation. Hence, the present study demonstrated a new functional method for better usage of vegetable oils.Producing conjugated hydroxy-fatty acids/esters with better antipathogenic properties. CHML used in food industry, It has a potential pathway to food safety and packaging process with good advantages, fundamental to microbial resistance. Lastly, our findings showed that biological monitoring of CHML-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) inhibited growth of various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in vitro study. The produced CHML profiles were comparable to the corresponding to previousstudies and showed improved the inhibition efficiency over the respective kanamycin derivatives.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of thiourea derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 764-777
Author(s):  
Sumaira Naz ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Umar ◽  
Saad Alghamdi ◽  
Muhammad Umar Khayam Sahibzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Thiourea Derivatives ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

AbstractThioureas and their derivatives are organosulfur compounds having applications in numerous fields such as organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industries. Symmetric thiourea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of various anilines with CS2. The synthesized compounds were characterized using the UV-visible and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were screened for in vitro inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes and for their antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. These compounds were fed to Swiss male albino mice to evaluate their toxicological effects and potential to inhibit glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibition. The antibacterial studies revealed that compound 4 was more active against the selected bacterial strains. Compound 1 was more active against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals, AChE, BuChE, and α-glucosidase. Compound 2 was more potent against α-amylase and G6Pase. Toxicity studies showed that compound 4 is safe as it exerted no toxic effect on any of the hematological and biochemical parameters or on liver histology of the experimental animals at any studied dose rate. The synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial and antioxidant potential and were very active (both in vitro and in vivo) against G6Pase and moderately active against the other selected enzymes used in this study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document