scholarly journals Cumulative Effects Of Strontium Ranelate and Impact Exercise On Bone Mass In Ovariectomized Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3040
Author(s):  
Priscilla Aveline ◽  
Annabelle Cesaro ◽  
Marija Mazor ◽  
Thomas M. Best ◽  
Eric Lespessailles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Osteocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Ovx Rats

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of physical exercise (EXE), strontium ranelate (SR), or their combination on bone status in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. DESIGN: Sixty female Wistar rats were randomized to one of five groups: sham (Sh), OVX (O), OVX+EXE (OE), OVX+SR (OSR), and OVX+EXE+SR (OESR). Animals in EXE groups were subjected to 10 drops per day (45 cm in height); rats in SR groups received 625 mg/kg/day of SR, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)), mechanical strength of the left femur (three-point bending test), and femur microarchitecture of (micro-computed tomography imaging, microCT) analyses were performed to characterize biomechanical and trabecular/cortical structure. Bone remodeling, osteocyte apoptosis, and lipid content were evaluated by ELISA and immunofluorescence tests. RESULTS: In OVX rats, whole-body BMD, trabecular parameters, and osteocalcin (OCN) levels decreased, while weight, lean/fat mass, osteocyte apoptosis, and lipid content all increased. EXE after ovariectomy improved BMD and BMC, trabecular parameters, cross-sectional area (CSA), moment of inertia, and OCN levels while decreasing osteocyte apoptosis and lipid content. SR treatment increased BMD and BMC, trabecular parameters, CSA, stiffness, OCN, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Furthermore, fat mass, N-telopeptide (NTX) level, osteocyte apoptosis, and lipid content significantly decreased. The combination of both EXE and SR improved bone parameters compared with EXE or SR alone. CONCLUSION: EXE and SR had positive and synergistic effects on bone formation and resorption.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term effects of calcium and exercise on bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseé Gala ◽  
Manuel Di´az-curiel ◽  
Concepcioó de la Piedra ◽  
Jesu´s Calero
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Ovx Rats

At the level of prevention of bone mineral loss produced by ovariectomy, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect produced by supplementation of Ca in the diet and a moderate exercise programme (treadmill), simultaneously or separately, in ovariectomized rats, an experimental model of postmenopausal bone loss. Female Wistar rats (n110, 15 weeks old) were divided into five groups: (1) OVX, rats ovariectomized at 15 weeks of age, fed a standard diet; (2) SHAM, rats sham operated at 15 weeks of age, fed a standard diet; (3) OVX–EX, ovariectomized rats, fed a standard diet and performing the established exercise programme; (4) OVX–Ca, ovariectomized rats fed a diet supplemented with Ca; (5) OVX–EXCa, ovariectomized rats with the exercise programme and diet supplemented with Ca. The different treatments were initiated 1 week after ovariectomy and were continued for 13 weeks for subgroup 1 and 28 weeks for subgroup 2, to look at the interaction of age and time passed from ovariectomy on the treatments. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined, at the end of the study, in the lumbar spine (L2, L3 and L4) and in the left femur using a densitometer. Bone turnover was also estimated at the end of the study, measuring the serum formation marker total alkaline phosphatase (AP) and the resorption marker serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). As expected, OVX rats showed a significant decrease (P<0·05) in BMD, more pronounced in subgroup 2, and a significant increase in AP and TRAP with regard to their respective SHAM group. The simultaneous treatment with Ca and exercise produced the best effects on lumbar and femoral BMD of ovariectomized rats, partially avoiding bone loss produced by ovariectomy, although it was not able to fully maintain BMD levels of intact animals. This combined treatment produced a significant increase in AP, both in subgroups 1 and 2, and a decrease in TRAP in subgroup 1, with regard to OVX group. The exercise treatment alone was able to produce an increase in BMD with regard to OVX group only in subgroup 1 of rats (younger animals and less time from ovariectomy), but not in subgroup 2. In agreement with this, there was an increase of AP in both subgroups, lower than that observed in animals submitted to exercise plus Ca supplement, and a decrease of TRAP in subgroup 1, without significant changes in this marker in the older rats. Ca treatment did not produce any significant effect on BMD in OVX rats in both subgroups of animals, showing a decrease of AP and TRAP levels in the younger animals with no significant variations in markers of bone remodelling in the older female rats compared with their respective OVX group.

Teriparatide [rhPTH (1-34)], But Not Strontium Ranelate, Demonstrated Bone Anabolic Efficacy in Mature, Osteopenic, Ovariectomized Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 1767-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei L. Ma ◽  
Qing Q. Zeng ◽  
Leah L. Porras ◽  
Anita Harvey ◽  
Terry L. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation Rate ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

We compared teriparatide (TPTD) and strontium ranelate (SR) efficacy on bone formation activity in a mature rat model of estrogen-deficiency bone loss. Rats were ovariectomized (OVX) at age 6 months and permitted to lose bone for 2 months to establish osteopenia before initiation of treatment with TPTD (5 or 15 μg/kg · d sc) or SR (150 or 450 mg/kg · d oral gavage). After 3 wk, RT-PCR analyses of bone formation genes in the distal femur metaphysis showed significant elevation of collagen 1α2, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, and Runx2 gene expression at both TPTD doses, relative to OVX controls. SR had no significant effect on expression of these genes. TPTD treatment for 12 wk dose dependently increased lumbar vertebral (LV) and femoral midshaft bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density over pretreatment and age-matched OVX controls. SR 150 increased BMC, and SR 450 increased BMC and bone mineral density of femoral midshaft and LV over OVX controls. There were significant dose-dependent TPTD increases of LV and femoral neck strength, and TPTD 15 also increased midshaft strength compared with pretreatment and age-matched OVX controls. SR did not enhance bone strength relative to pretreatment or age-matched OVX controls. Histomorphometry of the proximal tibial metaphysis showed dose-dependent effects of TPTD on trabecular area, number, width, and osteoblast surface, bone mineralizing surface, and bone formation rate relative to pretreatment and age-matched OVX controls, whereas SR had no effect on these parameters. These findings confirmed the bone anabolic efficacy of teriparatide, but not SR in mature, osteopenic, OVX rats.

scholarly journals Combination treatment with pioglitazone and fenofibrate attenuates pioglitazone-mediated acceleration of bone loss in ovariectomized rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Samadfam ◽  
Malaika Awori ◽  
Agnes Bénardeau ◽  
Frieder Bauss ◽  
Elena Sebokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovx Rats

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ agonists, such as pioglitazone (Pio), improve glycemia and lipid profile but are associated with bone loss and fracture risk. Data regarding bone effects of PPARα agonists (including fenofibrate (Feno)) are limited, although animal studies suggest that Feno may increase bone mass. This study investigated the effects of a 13-week oral combination treatment with Pio (10 mg/kg per day)+Feno (25 mg/kg per day) on body composition and bone mass parameters compared with Pio or Feno alone in adult ovariectomized (OVX) rats, with a 4-week bone depletion period, followed by a 6-week treatment-free period. Treatment of OVX rats with Pio+Feno resulted in ∼50% lower fat mass gain compared with Pio treatment alone. Combination treatment with Pio+Feno partially prevented Pio-induced loss of bone mineral content (∼45%) and bone mineral density (BMD; ∼60%) at the lumbar spine. Similar effects of treatments were observed at the femur, most notably at sites rich in trabecular bone. At the proximal tibial metaphysis, concomitant treatment with Pio+Feno prevented Pio exacerbation of ovariectomy-induced loss of trabecular bone, resulting in BMD values in the Pio+Feno group comparable to OVX controls. Discontinuation of Pio or Feno treatment of OVX rats was associated with partial reversal of effects on bone loss or bone mass gain, respectively, while values in the Pio+Feno group remained comparable to OVX controls. These data suggest that concurrent/dual agonism of PPARγ and PPARα may reduce the negative effects of PPARγ agonism on bone mass.

scholarly journals Effects of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)-δ Agonist GW501516 on Bone and Muscle in Ovariectomized Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 2178-2189 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Mosti ◽  
A. K. Stunes ◽  
M. Ericsson ◽  
H. Pullisaar ◽  
J. E. Reseland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Morphology ◽  
Ovx Rats

Estrogen deficiency promotes bone loss and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have 3 subtypes (α, δ, and γ). PPARγ agonists induce bone loss, whereas PPARα agonists increase bone mass. Although PPARδ agonists are known to influence skeletal muscle metabolism, the skeletal effects are unsettled. This study investigated the musculoskeletal effects of the PPARδ agonist GW501516 in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats, 12 weeks of age, were allocated to a sham-operated group and 3 OVX groups; high-dose GW501516 (OVX-GW5), low-dose GW501516 (OVX-GW1), and a control group (OVX-CTR), respectively (n = 12 per group). Animals received GW501516 or vehicle (methylcellulose) daily for 4 months by gavage. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry at the femur, spine, and whole body. Bone microarchitecture at the proximal tibia was assessed by microcomputed tomography, and dynamic histomorphometry was performed. Quadriceps muscle morphology and the relative expression of mitochondrial proteins were analyzed. Bone metabolism markers and metabolic markers were measured in plasma. After 4 months, the OVX-GW5 group displayed lower femoral BMD than OVX-CTR. Trabecular separation was higher in the GW-treated groups, compared with OVX-CTR. The OVX-GW5 group also exhibited lower cortical area fraction and a higher structure model index than OVX-CTR. These effects coincided with impaired bone formation in both GW groups. The OVX-GW5 group displayed elevated triglyceride levels and reduced adiponectin levels, whereas no effects on muscle morphology or mitochondrial gene expression appeared. In summary, the PPARδ agonist GW501516 negatively affected bone properties in OVX rats, whereas no effects were detected in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Diabetes during Pregnancy Does Not Alter Whole Body Bone Mineral Content in Infants

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 3993-3997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lapillonne ◽  
Sophie Guerin ◽  
Pierre Braillon ◽  
Olivier Claris ◽  
Pierre D. Delmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Body Bone

A previous study using single photon absorptiometry has reported low bone mineral density of the radius in infants of diabetic mothers. The aim of this study was to assess by dual x-ray absorptiometry the whole body bone mineral content (WbBMC) and the body composition of 40 infants of diabetic mothers at birth (mean gestational age ± sd, 37.5 ± 1.3 weeks; mean birth weight ± sd, 3815 ± 641 g). WbBMC was not correlated with gestational age, but was well correlated with birth weight (r = 0.73; P = 0.0001) and also with fat mass (r = 0.87; P = 0.0001) and lean mass (r = 0.42; P = 0.008). The z-scores ± sd adjusted for weight for WbBMC and fat mass were significantly increased (1.3 ± 0.9 and 2.6 ± 1.3, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001), but were not significantly influenced either by in utero growth or by the type of the diabetes mellitus of the mother. Bone mineralization and fat mass studied by whole body dual x-ray absorptiometry are increased at birth in these infants compared with reference curves.

scholarly journals The Multicomponent Anthropometric Model for Assessing Body Composition in a Male Pediatric Population: A Simultaneous Prediction of Fat Mass, Bone Mineral Content, and Lean Soft Tissue

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalmo Machado ◽  
Sérgio Oikawa ◽  
Valdir Barbanti
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Validation Parameters

The aim of this study was to propose and cross-validate an anthropometric model for the simultaneous estimation of fat mass (FM), bone mineral content (BMC), and lean soft tissue (LST) using DXA as the reference method. A total of 408 boys (8–18 years) were included in this sample. Whole-body FM, BMC, and LST were measured by DXA and considered as dependent variables. Independent variables included thirty-two anthropometrics measurements and maturity offset determined by the Mirwald equation. From a multivariate regression model , a matrix analysis was performed resulting in a multicomponent anthropometric model. The cross-validation was executed through the sum of squares of residuals (PRESS) method. Five anthropometric variables predicted simultaneously FM, BMC, and LST. Cross-validation parameters indicated that the new model is accurate with high values ranging from 0.94 to 0.98 and standard error of estimate ranging from 0.01 to 0.09. The newly proposed model represents an alternative to accurately assess the body composition in male pediatric ages.

scholarly journals Red wine polyphenols modulate bone loss in the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 1541
Author(s):  
C. PASSALI ◽  
A. PATSAKI ◽  
P. LELOVAS ◽  
N. ALIGIANNIS ◽  
M. MAKROPOULOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Trabecular Bone Loss ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Red Wine Polyphenols (RWPs) extract on bone mineral density (BMD) in the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. Thirty-five 10-month-old Wistar rats were separated into controls (CTRL), OVX and OVX plus RWPs in their drinking water (dose, 50 mg/kg body weight per day), starting immediately after OVX for 6 months. Βody and uterine weight, BMD of the tibia at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-OVX, and 3-pointing bending of the femur, were examined. Statistical comparison of the total tibia BMD within groups during the study period showed a significant reduction in the OVX and OVX+RWPs groups both from baseline to 3 and 6 months and from 3 to 6 months, whereas in the CTRL group, there was no significant change. For the proximal tibial metaphysis, comparison of BMD percentage changes from baseline to 3 months and 6 months and from 3 to 6 months revealed highly statistical differences between OVX and OVX+RWPs groups (P = 0.000). OVX induced a significant reduction of biomechanical parameters as expected; the 3-point bending test showed that the maximum force before fracture, energy absorption and fracture stress significantly increased in the OVX group treated with RWPs compared with the nontreated OVX rats (P = 0.048, P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). Dietary intake of RWPs for 6 months significantly prevented trabecular bone loss and improved bone strength in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized rats.

Effects of strontium ranelate, raloxifene and misoprostol on bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nefise Ahmet-Camcioglu ◽  
Tulay Okman-Kilic ◽  
Gulay Durmus-Altun ◽  
Galip Ekuklu ◽  
Mustafa Kucuk
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals The modified amino sugar N-Butyryl Glucosamine fed to ovariectomized rats preserves bone mineral through increased early mineralization, but does not affect body composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassos Anastassiades ◽  
Karen Rees-Milton ◽  
Wilma M. Hopman
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Amino Sugar ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ovx Rats

Background:  The toxicities of pharmaceuticals for chronic arthritis and osteoporosis should be of concern to consumers. This partially accounts for the popularity of consumption of the amino sugar glucosamine, in-spite of controversy about its efficacy. We chemically synthesized N-butyryl glucosamine (GlcNBu), which we discovered protected bone and cartilage in an inflammatory arthritis rat model when used as a feed supplement. GlcNBu can also be potentially synthesized biochemically, since we recently demonstrated that human acetyl-CoA: glucosamine-6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase 1 has a relaxed donor specificity and transfers acyl groups of up to four carbons in length, i.e. the butyryl moiety. Oral GlcNBu had no detectable toxicity and also protected against bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) rats as a model for osteoporosis. However, we demonstrated this only for bones excised at 6 months. Thus, the current study aims to determine when bone mineralization is maximized during daily GlcNBu supplementation, in both OVΧ and Sham-OVX rats, in addition to the relationship of bone mineralization to body composition.Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups, containing 8 rats each. The groups consisted of OVX or Sham-OVX rats whose diets were supplemented with either 200 mg/kg/day of GlcNBu or an equimolar amount of glucose. We performed sequential bone density and body composition measurements, by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the live, anesthetised rats, over a 6-month experimental period, starting at the age of 8 weeks. Results were analyzed by descriptive statistics and 2-way ANOVA. Results: The major increases in the mineral content and density of the spine and the femur in GlcNBu-supplemented rats occurred early, from the baseline to week 8.  Ovariectomy resulted in a number of significant differences in body composition, while feeding GlcNBu had no significant effects on body composition. The significant effects of ovariectomy on body composition initially appeared at 8 weeks, while the GlcNBu effects on increased bone mineral initially appeared at 2 weeks. An interaction between OVX and GlcNBu was seen only at 16 weeks for the bone mineral density of the femoral head.Conclusions: Supplementation of the diet by GlcNBu in both OVX and Sham-OVX rats increases bone mineral as early as 2 weeks. Ovariectomy but not GlcNBu supplementation had a significant effect on body composition. The effect of GlcNBu occurs independently of changes in body composition, probably as a direct effect of stimulation of bone matrix synthesis which continues to be mineralized.  This work represents an important step in the development and commercialization of GlcNBu for the prevention and treatment osteoporosis, where there is now an increasing demand for safe, long term agents.Key words: osteoporosis, ovariectomy, N-butyryl glucosamine, bone, mineralization, body composition, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

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