Maternal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP) or Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Leads to Long-Term Changes in Hypothalamic Gene Expression and Sexual Behavior

Xenobiotic exposure during pregnancy and lactation has been linked to perinatal changes in male reproductive outcomes and other endocrine parameters. This pilot study wished to assess whether brief maternal exposure of rats to xenobiotics dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or diethylstilbestrol (DES) might also cause long-term changes in hypothalamic gene expression or in reproductive behavior of the resulting offspring. Time-mated female Sprague Dawley rats were given either DBP (500 mg/kg body weight, every second day from GD14.5 to PND6), DES (125 µg/kg body weight at GD14.5 and GD16.5 only), or vehicle (n = 8–12 per group) and mild endocrine disruption was confirmed by monitoring postnatal anogenital distance. Hypothalamic RNA from male and female offspring at PND10, PND24 and PND90 was analyzed by qRT-PCR for expression of aromatase, oxytocin, vasopressin, ER-alpha, ER-beta, kisspeptin, and GnRH genes. Reproductive behavior was monitored in male and female offspring from PND60 to PND90. Particularly, DES treatment led to significant changes in hypothalamic gene expression, which for the oxytocin gene was still evident at PND90, as well as in sexual behavior. In conclusion, maternal xenobiotic exposure may not only alter endocrine systems in offspring but, by impacting on brain development at a critical time, can have long-term effects on male or female sexual behavior.

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Maternal Exposure to Phthalate and/or Diethylstilbestrol Leads to Long-Term Changes in Hypothalamic Gene Expression and Adult Behavior in Male and Female Offspring.

Biology of Reproduction ◽

10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.790 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽

pp. 790-790

Author(s):

Richard Ivell ◽

Damien Hunter ◽

Kee Heng ◽

Navdeep Mann ◽

Ravinder Anand-Ivell

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Maternal Exposure ◽

Male And Female ◽

Adult Behavior ◽

Long Term Changes

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GENDER-SPECIFIC INFLUENCE OF Aу MUTATION ON PROGENY METABOLIC PHENOTYPE, FETAL GROWTH AND PLACENTAL GENE EXPRESSION IN MICE

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding ◽

10.18699/vj18.376 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 406-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. N. Makarova ◽

E. I. Denisova ◽

V. V. Kozhevnikova ◽

A. E. Kuleshova

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Body Weight ◽

Female Offspring ◽

The Body ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Male And Female ◽

Gender Specific

Obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of obesity in offspring. To correct the offspring development in obese mothers, it is necessary to reveal the molecular mechanisms that mediate the influence of the maternal environment on the offspring ontogenesis. Leptin levels increase with obesity. In C57Bl mice, the Ау mutation is associated with elevated blood levels of leptin in pregnant females and exerts a gender-specific effect on the metabolic phenotype of mature offspring. Aim: to study the influence of Ау mutation on sensitivity to diet-induced obesity in male and female offspring, on fetal and placental weight and on the expression of genes in the placentas of the fetuses of different sexes. Body weight and food intake on a standard and an obesogenic diet, fetal and placental weights on pregnancy days 13 and 18, and gene expression of glucose transporters (GLUT1, GLUT3), neutral amino acid transporters (SNAT1, SNAT2, SNAT4), insulin-like growth factor 2 IGF2 and its receptor IGF2R were measured in male and female offspring of и ɑ/ɑ (control) and Ау/ɑ mothers. Ay mutation influenced the body weight only in male offspring, which consumed a standard diet, and did not influence obesity development in both male and female offspring. The weight of fetuses and placentas in Ау/ɑ as compared to ɑ/ɑ females was reduced on day 13 of pregnancy and was not different on day 18. On day 13 of pregnancy, the mRNA levels of the examined genes did not differ in placentas of male and female fetuses in ɑ/ɑ females. In Ау/ɑ females, the gene expression of GLUT1, GLUT3, SNAT1 and SNAT4 was reduced in female placentas compared to male placentas. The results suggest that the sex-specific transcription response of placentas to elevated leptin levels in pregnant Ау/ɑ females can mediate the gender-specific impact of Ау mutation on the offspring metabolism in postnatal life.

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Long-term changes in body weight, BMI, and adiposity rebound among children and adolescents in the Czech republic

Economics & Human Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ehb.2007.07.003 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 409-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

J. Vignerová ◽

L. Humeníkova ◽

M. Brabec ◽

J. Riedlová ◽

P. Bláha

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Adiposity Rebound ◽

Long Term Changes

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Fish and marine fatty acids intakes, theFADSgenotypes and long-term weight gain: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022877 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e022877

Author(s):

Tao Huang ◽

Tiange Wang ◽

Yoriko Heianza ◽

Janey Wiggs ◽

Dianjianyi Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Fish Intake ◽

Health Study ◽

Genetic Associations ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

Long Chain

ObjectiveWe tested whether genetic variants near fatty acid desaturases gene (FADS) cluster, which were recently identified to be signatures of adaptation to fish-rich and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)-rich diet, interacted with these dietary factors on change in body mass index (BMI).DesignThreeFADSvariants were examined for gene-diet interactions on long-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight in four prospective cohort studies.SettingPopulation based study.Participants11 323 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), 6833 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and replicated in 6254 women from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and 5 264 Chinese from the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS).Main outcomesLong-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight.ResultsIn the NHS and HPFS cohorts, food-sourced n-3 PUFAs intake showed interactions with theFADSrs174570 on changes of BMI (P for interaction=0.02 in NHS, 0.05 in HPFS and 0.007 in combined). Such interactions were replicated in two independent cohorts WHI and SCHS (P for interaction=0.04 in WHI, 0.02 in SCHS and 0.001 in combined). The genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with changes in BMI increased across the tertiles of n-3 PUFAs in all the cohorts. Fish intake also accentuated the genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with long-term changes in BMI (pooled P for interaction=0.006). Viewed differently, long chain n-3 PUFAs intake showed stronger association with long-term changes in BMI among the rs174570 T carriers (beta=0.79 kg/m2per g, p=3×10−5) than the rs174570 non-T carriers (beta=0.16 kg/m2per g, p=0.08). Similar results were observed for fish intake.ConclusionsOur hypothesis-driven analyses provide replicable evidence that long chain n-3 PUFAs and fish intakes may interact with theFADSvariant on long-term weight gain. Further investigation is needed to confirm our findings in other cohorts.

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SUN-PO277: Effect of Maternal Cafeteria Diet and Taurine Supplementation on Body Weight Change, Body Fat Ratio and Plasma Leptin Levels in Adult Male and Female Offspring

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32907-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. S161

Author(s):

A. Kabasakal Çetin ◽

Y. Büyükdere ◽

A. Güleç ◽

A. Akyol Mutlu

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Body Fat ◽

Adult Male ◽

Weight Change ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Cafeteria Diet ◽

Body Weight Change ◽

Taurine Supplementation ◽

Male And Female ◽

Plasma Leptin

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Schistosoma mansoni: structural damage and tegumental repair after in vivo treatment with praziquantel

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000053920 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 243-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

M. K. Shaw ◽

D. A. Erasmus

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Body Weight ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Male And Female ◽

Extensive Damage

SUMMARYThe long-term, in vivo effects of a single, subcurative dose (200 mg/kg body weight of mouse) of praziquantel on the structure of adult Schistosoma mansoni and on the process and speed of tegumental repair are described. In both male and female worms praziquantel caused often extensive damage to the tegument, in the form of surface blebbings, swellings and lesions, and vacuolization and disruption of the subtegumental tissues. Repair of the drug-induced tegumental damage occurred slowly with partial and, more rarely, complete repair only being seen after 65 days post-treatment (p.t.), although signs of damage were still observed, particularly in male worms, at 100 days p.t. In contrast, repair of damage to the subtegumental/parenchymal tissues including the tegumental perikarya occurred relatively quickly, with the majority of worms examined appearing normal by 8–12 days p.t. The possible role(s) of the host immune response in relation to the speed of tegumental repair in vivo is discussed.

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