Relationships of Gut Microbiota Composition, Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Polyamines with the Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Emerging evidence has suggested that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may influence the drug efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients during cancer treatment by modulating drug metabolism and the host immune response. Moreover, gut microbiota can produce metabolites that may influence tumor proliferation and therapy responsiveness. In this study we have investigated the potential contribution of the gut microbiota and microbial-derived metabolites such as short chain fatty acids and polyamines to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) outcome in CRC patients. First, we established a profile for healthy gut microbiota by comparing the microbial diversity and composition between CRC patients and healthy controls. Second, our metagenomic analysis revealed that the gut microbiota composition of CRC patients was relatively stable over treatment time with neoadjuvant RCT. Nevertheless, treated patients who achieved clinical benefits from RTC (responders, R) had significantly higher microbial diversity and richness compared to non-responder patients (NR). Importantly, the fecal microbiota of the R was enriched in butyrate-producing bacteria and had significantly higher levels of acetic, butyric, isobutyric, and hexanoic acids than NR. In addition, NR patients exhibited higher serum levels of spermine and acetyl polyamines (oncometabolites related to CRC) as well as zonulin (gut permeability marker), and their gut microbiota was abundant in pro-inflammatory species. Finally, we identified a baseline consortium of five bacterial species that could potentially predict CRC treatment outcome. Overall, our results suggest that the gut microbiota may have an important role in the response to cancer therapies in CRC patients.

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Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide improves metabolic function of gut microbiota by regulating short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota composition

Food Research International ◽

10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 141 ◽

pp. 110119

Author(s):

Ting Wu ◽

Mingyue Shen ◽

Qiang Yu ◽

Yi Chen ◽

Xianxiang Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Metabolic Function ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Cyclocarya Paliurus ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract alters gut microbiota composition, enhances short‐chain fatty acids production, and ameliorates osteoporosis in the senescence‐accelerated mouse P6 (SAMP6) model

Food Science & Nutrition ◽

10.1002/fsn3.1779 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 4897-4906

Author(s):

Xin Zhao ◽

Yajing Wang ◽

Zhiying Nie ◽

Lifeng Han ◽

Xinqin Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Eucommia Ulmoides ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Senescence Accelerated Mouse ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) pulp modulates gut microbiota composition and improves short-chain fatty acids production

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130434 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130434

Author(s):

Kexue Zhu ◽

Haofei Fan ◽

Shunjiang Zeng ◽

Shaoping Nie ◽

Yanjun Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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The relationship between gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the possible role of dietary fibre

Acta Diabetologica ◽

10.1007/s00592-021-01727-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dominic Salamone ◽

Angela Albarosa Rivellese ◽

Claudia Vetrani

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

The Relationship ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

AbstractGut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to influence multiple physiological mechanisms related to human health. Among microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are modulators of different metabolic pathways. On the other hand, several studies suggested that diet might influence gut microbiota composition and activity thus modulating the risk of metabolic disease, i.e. obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Among dietary component, dietary fibre may play a pivotal role by virtue of its prebiotic effect on fibre-fermenting bacteria, that may increase SCFA production. The aim of this review was to summarize and discuss current knowledge on the impact of dietary fibre as modulator of the relationship between glucose metabolism and microbiota composition in humans. More specifically, we analysed evidence from observational studies and randomized nutritional intervention investigating the relationship between gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids and glucose metabolism. The possible mechanisms behind this association were also discussed.

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Chicken-eaters and pork-eaters have different gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolites

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91429-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jie Shi ◽

Di Zhao ◽

Fan Zhao ◽

Chong Wang ◽

Galia Zamaratskaia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Tryptophan Metabolites ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Spearman’S Correlation ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

AbstractThis study was aimed to evaluate the differences in the composition of gut microbiota, tryptophan metabolites and short-chain fatty acids in feces between volunteers who frequently ate chicken and who frequently ate pork. Twenty male chicken-eaters and 20 male pork-eaters of 18 and 30 years old were recruited to collect feces samples for analyses of gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan metabolites. Chicken-eaters had more diverse gut microbiota and higher abundance of Prevotella 9, Dialister, Faecalibacterium, Megamonas, and Prevotella 2. However, pork-eaters had higher relative abundance of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Dialister, and Ruminococcus 2. In addition, chicken-eaters had high contents of skatole and indole in feces than pork-eaters, as well as higher contents of total short chain fatty acids, in particular for acetic acid, propionic acid, and branched chain fatty acids. The Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the abundance of Prevotella 2 and Prevotella 9 was positively correlated with levels of fecal skatole, indole and short-chain fatty acids. Thus, intake of chicken diet may increase the risk of skatole- and indole-induced diseases by altering gut microbiota.

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Habitual animal fat consumption in shaping gut microbiota and microbial metabolites

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo01490j ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 7973-7982 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yi Wan ◽

Wenfeng Tong ◽

Renke Zhou ◽

Jie Li ◽

Jihong Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Microbial Metabolites ◽

Animal Fat ◽

Fat Consumption ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

A diet with higher animal-based fat consumption is likely to be associated with moderately unfavorable impacts on gut microbial diversity, community, and regulation of fecal short-chain fatty acids.

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