scholarly journals Increase in Akkermansiaceae in Gut Microbiota of Prostate Cancer-Bearing Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9626
Author(s):  
Pin-Yu Huang ◽  
Yu-Chih Yang ◽  
Chun-I Wang ◽  
Pei-Wen Hsiao ◽  
Hsin-I Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Naphthalene Degradation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Gut microbiota are reported to be associated with many diseases, including cancers. Several bacterial taxa have been shown to be associated with cancer development or response to treatment. However, longitudinal microbiota alterations during the development of cancers are relatively unexplored. To better understand how microbiota changes, we profiled the gut microbiota composition from prostate cancer-bearing mice and control mice at five different time points. Distinct gut microbiota differences were found between cancer-bearing mice and control mice. Akkermansiaceae was found to be significantly higher in the first three weeks in cancer-bearing mice, which implies its role in the early stage of cancer colonization. We also found that Bifidobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae were more abundant in the second and last sampling week, respectively. The increments of Akkermansiaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae were previously found to be associated with responses to immunotherapy, which suggests links between these bacteria families and cancers. Additionally, our function analysis showed that the bacterial taxa carrying steroid biosynthesis and butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis were increased, whereas those carrying naphthalene degradation decreased in cancer-bearing mice. Our work identified the bacteria taxa altered during prostate cancer progression and provided a resource of longitudinal microbiota profiles during cancer development in a mouse model.

scholarly journals Fungal Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Its Role in Colorectal, Oral, and Pancreatic Carcinogenesis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka ◽  
Aleš Dvořák ◽  
Marcin Folwarski ◽  
Agnieszka Daca ◽  
Katarzyna Przewłócka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Fungal Microbiota ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

The association between bacterial as well as viral gut microbiota imbalance and carcinogenesis has been intensively analysed in many studies; nevertheless, the role of fungal gut microbiota (mycobiota) in colorectal, oral, and pancreatic cancer development is relatively new and undiscovered field due to low abundance of intestinal fungi as well as lack of well-characterized reference genomes. Several specific fungi amounts are increased in colorectal cancer patients; moreover, it was observed that the disease stage is strongly related to the fungal microbiota profile; thus, it may be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for adenomas. Candida albicans, which is the major microbe contributing to oral cancer development, may promote carcinogenesis via several mechanisms, mainly triggering inflammation. Early detection of pancreatic cancer provides the opportunity to improve survival rate, therefore, there is a need to conduct further studies regarding the role of fungal microbiota as a potential prognostic tool to diagnose this cancer at early stage. Additionally, growing attention towards the characterization of mycobiota may contribute to improve the efficiency of therapeutic methods used to alter the composition and activity of gut microbiota. The administration of Saccharomyces boulardii in oncology, mainly in immunocompromised and/or critically ill patients, is still controversial.

scholarly journals Effect of a Behavioral Intervention to Increase Vegetable Consumption on Cancer Progression Among Men With Early-Stage Prostate Cancer

JAMA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 323 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kellogg Parsons ◽  
David Zahrieh ◽  
James L. Mohler ◽  
Electra Paskett ◽  
Donna E. Hansel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Early Stage

scholarly journals Soluble CD105 is prognostic of disease recurrence in prostate cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Veronica R Placencio-Hickok ◽  
Anisha Madhav ◽  
Sungjin Kim ◽  
Frank Duong ◽  
Bryan Angara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Translational Study

While the overall 5-year survival rate for prostate cancer is near 100%, up to 35% of patients will develop recurrent disease. At the time of prostatectomy, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is used to guide primary therapy with the goal of curative intervention. It can be valuable to know when primary therapy may not in fact be curative, so that subsequent adjuvant therapy can be administered at an early stage to limit progression. We examined prostate cancer patients with PSA ≤10 ng/mL that were all subjected to prostatectomy with at least 5 years of follow-up (n = 181). Based on data that endoglin (CD105) signaling in the tumor can contribute to prostate cancer progression, we examined the expression of soluble CD105 (sCD105) in the patient plasma. To determine the relation of plasma sCD105 measures to cellular CD105 in tissues, we tested an independent set of prostate cancer tissues and paired plasma (n = 31). Elevated sCD105 was found to be associated with recurrence-free survival of prostate cancer patients. Further, sCD105 levels in patient plasma were inversely correlated with cellular CD105 expression. This translational study supported preclinical data demonstrating the pro-tumorigenic capacity of cellular CD105 and provide a blood-based biomarker, sCD105, for prostate cancer recurrence in prostatectomy patients with PSA levels ≤10 ng/mL.

scholarly journals Expression of extracellular matrix proteins: tenascin-C, fibronectin and galectin-3 in prostatic adenocarcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Monika Ulamec ◽  
Davor Tomas ◽  
Tihana Dzombeta ◽  
Igor Tomaskovic ◽  
Borislav Spajić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Prostatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Tenascin C ◽  
Ecm Proteins ◽  
Galectin 3

Introduction: The interchanged stromal-epithelial relations and altered expression profiles of various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins creates a suitable microenvironment for cancer development and growth. We support the opinion that remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the cancer progression. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of ECM proteins tenascin-C, fibronectin and galectin-3 in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: Glands and surrounding stroma were analyzed in randomly selected specimens from 52 patients with prostate cancer and 28 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP). To evaluate the intensity of tenascin-C, fibronectin and galectin-3 expression the percentage of positively immunostained stromal cells was examined.Results: Compared to BPH, stroma of prostatic adenocarcinoma showed statistically significant increase in tenascin-C expression (p<0.001), predominantly around neoplastic glands, while fibronectin (p=0.001) and galectin-3 (p<0.001) expression in the same area was decreased.Conclusions: Our study confirms changes in the expression of ECM proteins of prostate cancer which may have important role in the cancer development.

scholarly journals Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Eva Slabáková ◽  
Zuzana Kahounová ◽  
Jiřina Procházková ◽  
Karel Souček
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Treatment

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for development of new treatment opportunities. This review focuses on summarizing the role of small molecules, predominantly microRNAs, in this phenomenon. A published literature search was performed to identify microRNAs, which are reported and experimentally validated to modulate neuroendocrine markers and/or regulators and to affect the complex neuroendocrine phenotype. Next, available patients’ expression datasets were surveyed to identify deregulated microRNAs, and their effect on NEPC and prostate cancer progression is summarized. Finally, possibilities of miRNA detection and quantification in body fluids of prostate cancer patients and their possible use as liquid biopsy in prostate cancer monitoring are discussed. All the addressed clinical and experimental contexts point to an association of NEPC with upregulation of miR-375 and downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p. Together, this review provides an overview of different roles of non-coding RNAs in the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

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