scholarly journals The Link between Gut Dysbiosis Caused by a High-Fat Diet and Hearing Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13177
Author(s):  
Dagmara Kociszewska ◽  
Jeffrey Chan ◽  
Peter R. Thorne ◽  
Srdjan M. Vlajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Leaky Gut ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis

This review aims to provide a conceptual and theoretical overview of the association between gut dysbiosis and hearing loss. Hearing loss is a global health issue; the World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that 2.5 billion people will be living with some degree of hearing loss by 2050. The aetiology of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is complex and multifactorial, arising from congenital and acquired causes. Recent evidence suggests that impaired gut health may also be a risk factor for SNHL. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 2 diabetes, diet-induced obesity (DIO), and high-fat diet (HFD) all show links to hearing loss. Previous studies have shown that a HFD can result in microangiopathy, impaired insulin signalling, and oxidative stress in the inner ear. A HFD can also induce pathological shifts in gut microbiota and affect intestinal barrier (IB) integrity, leading to a leaky gut. A leaky gut can result in chronic systemic inflammation, which may affect extraintestinal organs. Here, we postulate that changes in gut microbiota resulting from a chronic HFD and DIO may cause a systemic inflammatory response that can compromise the permeability of the blood–labyrinth barrier (BLB) in the inner ear, thus inducing cochlear inflammation and hearing deficits.

scholarly journals Phosphatidylserine from Portunus trituberculatus Eggs Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Alters the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Shiwei Hu ◽  
Mengyu Du ◽  
Laijin Su ◽  
Huicheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Portunus Trituberculatus ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
High Fat

Portunus trituberculatus eggs contain phospholipids, whose components and bioactivity are unclear. Here, we investigated the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylserine from P. trituberculatus eggs (Pt-PS). Moreover, its effects on insulin resistance and gut microbiota were also evaluated in high-fat-diet-fed mice. Our results showed that Pt-PS accounted for 26.51% of phospholipids and contained abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (more than 50% of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)). Animal experiments indicated that Pt-PS significantly decreased body weight and adipose weight gain, improved hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, mitigated insulin resistance, and regulated circulatory cytokines. Pt-PS activated insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and increased the levels of IRS1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) protein, and plasma membrane glucose transporter 4 protein. Furthermore, Pt-PS modified the gut microbiota, inducing, especially, a dramatic decrease in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes at the phylum level, as well as a remarkable improvement in their subordinate categories. Pt-PS also reduced fecal lipopolysaccharide concentration and enhanced fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations. Additionally, the effects of Pt-PS on alleviation of insulin resistance and regulation of intestinal bacteria were better than those of phosphatidylserine from soybean. These results suggest that Pt-PS mitigates insulin resistance by altering the gut microbiota. Therefore, Pt-PS may be developed as an effective food supplement for the inhibition of insulin resistance and the regulation of human gut health.

scholarly journals Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Flour Can Improve the Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1159-1159
Author(s):  
Juste Contin Gomes Mariana ◽  
Juliana Soares da Silva ◽  
Andressa Assis ◽  
Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia ◽  
Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Cecum Content ◽  
And Function

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effects of whole flour and protein hydrolysate from common bean on gut health in mice fed a High-Fat Diet. Methods BALB/c adults mice (n = 48) where divided in 4 groups (n = 12 each): normal control (NC standard diet AIN-93M); High-Fat Diet (HFD) only; HFD plus bean flour (HFBF) and HFD plus bean protein hydrolysate (HFPH; 700 mg/kg of body/day). After 9 weeks, the animals were euthanized. Cecum weight was measured and cecum content was collected. Cecum content was used to analyze moisture by gravimetric method, lipids by extraction in Soxhlet apparatus, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by HPLC and DNA extraction and sequencing of the gut microbiota. Total genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and loaded using the Illumina MiSeq platform at Argonne National Laboratory. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and post-hoc of Newman-Kews. Nonparametric and independent samples were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis with a Dunn's multiple comparison test (P < 0.05). Results HFBF increased cecum weight (+69%), moisture (+104.6%) and lipids (+11.5%) in the feces compared to HFD group (P < 0.05), and the Beta diversity was different from HFD. Acetic acid concentration decreased (−37.7%) in cecal content of HFBF group compared to HFD group (P < 0.05), and propionic and butyric acids cecal concentration did not differ (P > 0.05) among experimental groups. The abundance of Bacteroidetes increased and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio decreased in the HFBF compared to control groups. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) enriched by HFBF were mainly assigned to Muribaculaceae family, which show high potential to improve gut health. The functional analysis of the microbiota shown beneficial changes in the host's genetic capacity, especially in the metabolic pathways involved with glucose metabolism. KEGG metabolic pathways involved with starch and sucrose metabolism, as well as the galactose metabolism were enriched in the HFBF group compared to the HFD group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The intake of common bean flour modulates the microbiota composition and abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, and attenuates the effects of HFD, showing potential to improve gut microbiota composition and function of mice. Funding Sources CNPq, CAPES, Fapemig and Fulbright (Brazil).

scholarly journals Djulis Hull Improves Insulin Resistance and Modulates the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Induced Hyperglycaemia

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yu-Tang Tung ◽  
Jun-Lan Zeng ◽  
Shang-Tse Ho ◽  
Jin-Wei Xu ◽  
I-Hsuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat

In this study, we annotated the major flavonoid glycoside, rutin, of djulis hull crude extract using a Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) library and its MS/MS spectra. To evaluate the protective effect of djulis hull crude extract and rutin on glucose tolerance, we fed mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to induce hyperglycaemia. These results showed that crude extract significantly decreased HFD-induced elevation in the area under the curve (AUC) of weekly random blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), and advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels, and significantly increased pIRS1 and Glut4 protein expression in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and liver. Furthermore, the HFD-induced reduction in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) was reversed by crude extract. In addition, ZO-1 and occludin protein expression in the colon was markedly downregulated in HFD-fed mice, resulting in decreased intestinal permeability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation, but were restored following crude extract. Moreover, the crude extract intervention had a profound effect on the alpha diversity and microbial community in the gut microbiota. Therefore, djulis hull crude extract could improve blood glucose and increase insulin receptor sensitivity in HFD-induced hyperglycaemia, which is likely due to its modulation of the gut microbiota, preservation of the integrity of the intestinal barrier to reduce body inflammation, increased antioxidant activity, and modulation of insulin signalling.

scholarly journals The flavonoid-rich Quzhou Fructus Aurantii extract modulates gut microbiota and prevents obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-feng Bai ◽  
Si-wei Wang ◽  
Xiao-xiao Wang ◽  
Yuan-yuan Weng ◽  
Xue-yu Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
Junction Proteins

Abstract Background Flavonoids are reported to modulate the composition of gut microbiota, which play an important role in preventing obesity and associated metabolic diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of Total Flavonoids of Quzhou Fructus Aurantii Extract (TFQ) on gut microbial community in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods C57BL/6J mice were fed with either a chow diet or HFD with or without oral gavage of TFQ (300 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Results Our data indicate TFQ significantly reduced obesity, inflammatio,n and liver steatosis. TFQ elevates the expression of tight junction proteins and reduces metabolic endotoxemia. In addition, TFQ treatment reverses HFD-induced gut dysbiosis, as indicated by the reduction of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, the increase of genera Akkermansia and Alistipes, and the decrease of genera Dubosiella, Faecalibaculum, and Lactobacillus. Conclusion These findings support a prebiotic role of TFQ as a dietary supplement for the intervention of gut dysbiosis and obesity-related metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Celastrol inhibits intestinal lipid absorption by reprofiling the gut microbiota to attenuate high-fat diet-induced obesity

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 102077
Author(s):  
Hu Hua ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

Uridine attenuates obesity, ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and modifies the gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Liu ◽  
Chunyan Xie ◽  
Zhenya Zhai ◽  
Ze-yuan Deng ◽  
Hugo R. De Jonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

This study aimed to investigate the effect of uridine on obesity, fat accumulation in liver, and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-fed mice.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Estradiol and high fat diet associate with changes in gut microbiota in female ob/ob mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana D. Acharya ◽  
Xing Gao ◽  
Elizabeth P. Bless ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Marc J. Tetel
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Modulation effect of chenpi extract on gut microbiota in high‐fat diet‐induced obese C57BL/6 mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Li ◽  
Nana Wang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Bailiang Li ◽  
Fenfen Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Modulation Effect ◽  
High Fat

Inhibitory Effects of Fermented Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) Juice on High-Fat Diet-induced Obesity Associated with White Adipose Tissue Browning and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Guo ◽  
Xuedan Cao ◽  
Xiugui Fang ◽  
Ailing Guo ◽  
Erhu Li
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Tissue Browning

In this study, Ougan juice (OJ) and lactic acid bacteria fermented Ougan juice (FOJ) were investigated individually for their capability of preventing obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice. After...

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