scholarly journals Processing of Positive Newborn Screening Results for Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Qualitative Exploration of Current Practice in England

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Pru Holder ◽  
Tim Cheetham ◽  
Alessandra Cocca ◽  
Holly Chinnery ◽  
Jane Chudleigh
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Newborn Bloodspot Screening ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Pathways Of Care

The objective of this research was to explore current communication practices for positive newborn bloodspot screening results for congenital hypothyroidism from the newborn bloodspot screening laboratory to clinicians and then families, in order to (i) understand how the pathway is implemented in practice, (ii) highlight regional differences and (iii) identify barriers and facilitators. A qualitative exploratory design was employed using semi-structured interviews across 13 newborn bloodspot screening laboratories in England. Participants included 35 clinicians and 17 NBS laboratory staff across the 13 laboratories and 18 members of relevant clinical teams. Findings illuminated variations in how positive newborn bloodspot screening results for congenital hypothyroidism are communicated in practice. This included regional variations due to historical arrangements and local resources. Contacting the appropriate person could be challenging and obtaining feedback from clinical teams to the laboratory after the child has been seen could be time consuming for those involved. Standardised communication model(s) for positive newborn bloodspot screening results for congenital hypothyroidism, which include named contact individuals, defined pathways of care and processes for feeding back to laboratories, may help to ensure the process is less labour intensive, particularly from a laboratory perspective.

scholarly journals Qualitative exploration of health professionals’ experiences of communicating positive newborn bloodspot screening results for nine conditions in England

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e037081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Chudleigh ◽  
Holly Chinnery ◽  
Jim R Bonham ◽  
Ellinor Olander ◽  
Louise Moody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Service Provider ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
Newborn Bloodspot Screening ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Time And Energy

ObjectiveTo explore health professionals’ experiences of communicating positive newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) results, highlight differences, share good practice and make recommendations for future research.DesignQualitative exploratory design was employed using semi-structured interviewsSettingThree National Health Service provider organisations in EnglandParticipantsSeventeen health professionals involved in communicating positive newborn bloodspot screening results to parents for all nine conditions currently included in the newborn bloodspot screening programme in England.ResultsFindings indicated variation in approaches to communicating positive newborn bloodspot screening results to parents, largely influenced by resources available and the lack of clear guidance. Health professionals emphasised the importance of communicating results to families in a way that is sensitive to their needs. However, many challenges hindered communication including logistical considerations; difficulty contacting the family and other health professionals; language barriers; parental reactions; resource considerations; lack of training; and insufficient time.ConclusionHealth professionals invest a lot of time and energy trying to ensure communication of positive newborn bloodspot screening results to families is done well. However, there continues to be great variation in the way these results are communicated to parents and this is largely influenced by resources available but also the lack of concrete guidance. How best to support health professionals undertaking this challenging and emotive task requires further exploration. We recommend evaluation of a more cohesive approach that meets the needs of parents and staff while being sensitive to the subtleties of each condition.Trial registration numberISRCTN15330120

scholarly journals Implementation of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculosis in Mongolia: a qualitative exploration of barriers and enablers

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Rendell ◽  
Solongo Bekhbat ◽  
Gantungalag Ganbaatar ◽  
Munkhjargal Dorjravdan ◽  
Madhukar Pai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Barriers And Enablers ◽  
National Tuberculosis Program ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

Objective The aim of our study was to identify barriers and enablers to implementation of the Xpert MTB/RIF test within Mongolia’s National Tuberculosis Program. Methods Twenty-foursemi-structured interviews were conducted between June and September 2015 with laboratory staff and tuberculosis physicians in Mongolia’s capital Ulaanbaatar and regional towns where Xpert MTB/RIF testing had been implemented. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated and analysed thematically using NVIVO qualitative analysis software. Results Eight laboratory staff (five from the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in Ulaanbaatar and three from provincial laboratories) and sixteen tuberculosis physicians (five from the Mongolian National Center for Communicable Diseases in Ulaanbaatar, four from district tuberculosis clinics in Ulaanbaatar and seven from provincial tuberculosis clinics) were interviewed. Major barriers to Xpert MTB/RIF implementation identified were: lack of awareness of program guidelines; inadequate staffing arrangements; problems with cartridge supply management; lack of local repair options for the Xpert machines; lack of regular formal training; paper based system; delayed treatment initiation due to consensus meeting and poor sample quality. Enablers to Xpert MTB/RIF implementation included availability of guidelines in the local language; provision of extra laboratory staff, shift working arrangements and additional modules; capacity for troubleshooting internally; access to experts; opportunities for peer learning; common understanding of diagnostic algorithms and decentralised testing. Conclusion Our study identified a number of barriers and enablers to implementation of Xpert MTB/RIF in the Mongolian National Tuberculosis Program. Lessons learned from this study can help to facilitate implementation of Xpert MTB/RIF in other Mongolian locations as well as other low-and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Processing of positive newborn screening results: a qualitative exploration of current practice in England

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e044755
Author(s):  
Jane Chudleigh ◽  
Holly Chinnery ◽  
Pru Holder ◽  
Rachel S Carling ◽  
Kevin Southern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
The People ◽  
Timely Feedback ◽  
Practice Approach ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Newborn Bloodspot Screening ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveTo explore current communication practices for positive newborn screening results from the newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) laboratory to clinicians to highlight differences, understand how the pathways are implemented in practice, identify barriers and facilitators and make recommendations for future practice and research.DesignA qualitative exploratory design was employed using semi-structured interviews.SettingThirteen NBS laboratories in England.ParticipantsSeventy-one clinicians; 22 NBS laboratory staff across 13 laboratories and 49 members of relevant clinical teams were interviewed.ResultsAssurance of quality and consistency was a priority for all NBS laboratories. Findings indicated variation in approaches to communicating positive NBS results from laboratories to clinical teams. This was particularly evident for congenital hypothyroidism and was largely influenced by local arrangements, resources and the fact individual laboratories had detailed standard operating procedures for how they work. Obtaining feedback from clinical teams to the laboratory after the child had been seen could be challenging and time-consuming for those involved. Pathways for communicating carrier results for cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease could be ambiguous and inconsistent which in turn could hamper the laboratories efforts to obtain timely feedback regarding whether or not the result had been communicated to the family. Communication pathways for positive NBS results between laboratories and clinical teams could therefore be time-consuming and resource-intensive.ConclusionThe importance placed on ensuring positive NBS results were communicated effectively and in a timely fashion from the laboratory to the clinical team was evident from all participants. However, variation existed in terms of the processes used to report positive NBS results to clinical teams and the people involved. Variant practice identified may reflect local needs, but more often reflected local resources and a more consistent ‘best practice’ approach is required, not just in the UK but perhaps globally.Trial registration numberISRCTN15330120.

Islamic Communication Model in Therapeutic Communication Practices at Adam Malik Hospital

SIASAT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Syafruddin Ritonga ◽  
Zamri ◽  
Selamat Riadi ◽  
Zakaria Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Therapeutic Communication ◽  
Implementation Model ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
The Way ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Studies on Therapeutic Communication, especially its relationship to Islamic communication, are still rarely found in the field. This study aims to see how the practice of Islamic communication can be done well by doctors and nurses. This research uses a qualitative approach. The values of Islamic communication in Therapeutic communication can be seen from the way communication is carried out by doctors and nurses with their patients through ethics and good language. The implementation model of Islamic communication in therapeutic communication produces a marker communication model, that is, communication carried out on the basis of the awareness of the medical team. This communication model is not formally implemented, but in substance has similarities with the value of Islamic communication.

scholarly journals Can Watching Online Videos Be Addictive? A Qualitative Exploration of Online Video Watching among Chinese Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7247
Author(s):  
Zeyang Yang ◽  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
Zhihao Yan ◽  
Wenting Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Online Videos ◽  
Chinese Young Adults ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

Watching online videos (including short-form videos) has become the most popular leisure activity in China. However, a few studies have reported the potential negative effects of online video watching behaviors (including the potential for ‘addiction’) among a minority of individuals. The present study investigated online video watching behaviors, motivational factors for watching online videos, and potentially addictive indicators of watching online videos. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 20 young Chinese adults. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Eight themes were identified comprising: (i) content is key; (ii) types of online video watching; (iii) platform function hooks; (iv) personal interests; (v) watching becoming habitual; (vi) social interaction needs; (vii) reassurance needs; and (viii) addiction-like symptoms. Specific video content (e.g., mukbang, pornography), platform-driven continuous watching, and short-form videos were perceived by some participants as being potentially addictive. Specific features or content on Chinese online video platforms (e.g., ‘Danmu’ scrolling comments) need further investigation. Future studies should explore users’ addictive-like behaviors in relation to specific types of online video content and their social interaction on these platforms.

scholarly journals Perspectives on self-managed abortion among providers in hospitals along the Texas–Mexico border

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Raifman ◽  
Sarah E. Baum ◽  
Kari White ◽  
Kristine Hopkins ◽  
Tony Ogburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Provider Experiences ◽  
Study Team ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Provider Knowledge

Abstract Background Following self-managed abortion (SMA), or a pregnancy termination attempt outside of the formal health system, some patients may seek care in an emergency department. Information about provider experiences treating these patients in hospital settings on the Texas-Mexico border is lacking. Methods The study team conducted semi-structured interviews with physicians, advanced practice clinicians, and nurses who had experience with patients presenting with early pregnancy complications in emergency and/or labor and delivery departments in five hospitals near the Texas-Mexico border. Interview questions focused on respondents’ roles at the hospital, knowledge of abortion services and laws, perspectives on SMA trends, experiences treating patients presenting after SMA, and potential gaps in training related to abortion. Researchers conducted interviews in person between October 2017 and January 2018, and analyzed transcripts using a thematic analysis approach. Results Most of the 54 participants interviewed said that the care provided to SMA patients was, and should be, the same as for patients presenting after miscarriage. The majority had treated a patient they suspected or confirmed had attempted SMA; typically, these cases required only expectant management and confirmation of pregnancy termination, or treatment for incomplete abortion. In rare cases, further clinical intervention was required. Many providers lacked clinical and legal knowledge about abortion, including local resources available. Conclusions Treatment provided to SMA patients is similar to that provided to patients presenting after early pregnancy loss. Lack of provider knowledge about abortion and SMA, despite their involvement with SMA patients, highlights a need for improved training.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Exploration of Individual Differences in Wellbeing for Highly Sensitive Individuals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Black ◽  
Margaret L. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Lay Conceptions ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

Cultures explicitly and implicitly create and reinforce social norms and expectations, which impact upon how individuals make sense of and experience their place within that culture. Substantial differences in research findings across a range of behavioral and cognitive indices can be seen between what have been called ‘Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD)’ societies, and non-WEIRD cultures. Indeed, lay conceptions and social norms around wellbeing tend to emphasize social outgoingness and high-arousal positive emotions, with introversion and negative emotion looked down upon or even pathologized. However, this extravert-centric conception of wellbeing does not fit many individuals who live within WEIRD societies, and studies find that this mismatch can have detrimental effects on their wellbeing. There is a need to better understand how happiness is created and experienced by the large number of people for whom wellbeing manifests in alternative ways. This study investigated one such manifestation – the personality trait of Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) – qualitatively investigating how sensitive individuals experience and cultivate wellbeing within a WEIRD society. Twelve adults participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings suggest that highly sensitive individuals perceive that wellbeing arises from harmony across multiple dimensions. Interviewees emphasized the value of low-intensity positive emotion, self-awareness, self-acceptance, positive social relationships balanced by times of solitude, connecting with nature, contemplative practices, emotional self-regulation, practicing self-compassion, having a sense of meaning, and hope/optimism. Barriers of wellbeing included physical health issues and challenges with saying no to others. This study provides a richer idiographic representation of SPS wellbeing, highlighting diverse pathways which can lead to wellbeing for individuals for whom wellbeing manifests in ways that contradict the broader social narratives in which they reside.

scholarly journals Consumer-Athlete Brand Relationship: A Qualitative Exploration of Sport Fans’ Experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Olzhas Taniyev ◽  
Brian S. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Brand Management ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Brand Relationship ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
City Identity

Athlete marketing can have profound effects on sport fans. While the affinity for superstar athletes is clear, the internalization of brand image associated with high-profile athletes has received little scholarly attention. The central aim of this exploratory study was to understand sport consumers’ perceptions of the athlete brand and its influence on their self-concept. Seventeen purposefully selected members of an athlete-centered fan club took part in semi-structured interviews. The interview data revealed the following prevalent themes: athlete brand adoption, athlete brand devotion, city identity, and community engagement. Based on the findings, meaningful interactions with consumers and altruistic actions fostered the relationship between the athlete and his followers. The present study contributed to the research concerning the emotional bond sport consumers have with athletes and evolving literature on athlete brand management.

Older Women's Community Mobility: A Qualitative Exploration

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Finlayson ◽  
Joseph Kaufert
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTMany of the limitations experienced by community-dwelling older women are related to mobility within their communities. This qualitative study explored community mobility from the perspective of older, community-dwelling women in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Semi-structured interviews were completed with 23 older women (mean age 75.9 years) identified through an existing database. In addition to travels to conduct instrumental activities of daily living and participate in social and recreational activities, the women in the study described trips to fulfil social obligations (e.g., attending funerals, visiting sick friends) and emphasized the importance of these trips. The women's travels through the city were influenced by their perception of risk and the strategies they employed to minimize or avoid risk during the day, in the evening, and during bad weather. Autonomous community mobility provided the women with a sense of independence and control. The findings have potential implications for health care providers and community programmers who work to maintain older women in the community.

scholarly journals Editors’ perspectives on the peer-review process in biomedical journals: protocol for a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e020568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketevan Glonti ◽  
Darko Hren
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Manuscript Review ◽  
Biomedical Journals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Communication Practices

IntroductionDespite dealing with scientific output and potentially having an impact on the quality of research published, the manuscript peer-review process itself has at times been criticised for being ‘unscientific’. Research indicates that there are social and subjective dimensions of the peer-review process that contribute to this perception, including how key stakeholders—namely authors, editors and peer reviewers—communicate. In particular, it has been suggested that the expected roles and tasks of stakeholders need to be more clearly defined and communicated if the manuscript review process is to be improved. Disentangling current communication practices, and outlining the specific roles and tasks of the main actors, might be a first step towards establishing the design of interventions that counterbalance social influences on the peer-review process.The purpose of this article is to present a methodological design for a qualitative study exploring the communication practices within the manuscript review process of biomedical journals from the journal editors’ point of view.Methods and analysisSemi-structured interviews will be carried out with editors of biomedical journals between October 2017 and February 2018. A heterogeneous sample of participants representing a wide range of biomedical journals will be sought through purposive maximum variation sampling, drawing from a professional network of contacts, publishers, conference participants and snowballing.Interviews will be thematically analysed following the method outlined by Braun and Clarke. The qualitative data analysis software NVivo V.11 will be used to aid data management and analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis research project was evaluated and approved by the University of Split, Medical School Ethics Committee (2181-198-03-04-17-0029) in May 2017. Findings will be disseminated through a publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentations during conferences.

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