scholarly journals Roadworks Warning—Closure of a Lane, the Impact of C-ITS Messages

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serio Angelo Maria Agriesti ◽  
Luca Studer ◽  
Giovanna Marchionni ◽  
Paolo Gandini ◽  
Xiaobo Qu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Delay Reduction ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Dedicated Short Range Communications ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

By now, it is widely acknowledged among stakeholders and academia that infrastructures will have to be composed both by a physical component and a digital one. The deployment of technologies exploiting dedicated short-range communications is viewed as the most cost-effective solution to face the foreseen growth of mobility. Still, little has been done to define the best implementation logic of DSRC. Aim of this paper is to frame the possible impacts arising by the implementation of a cooperative intelligent transport system (C-ITS)-use case: roadworks warning—closure of a lane, and, in order to achieve this result, microsimulations are exploited. The results are intended to support both road operators and car-makers in defining the best operational logics and the possible benefits achievable by presenting the cooperative message at a certain distance for certain market penetrations. Moreover, if the C-ITS message actually entails benefits or simply disrupts the upstream traffic should be assessed in advance, before implementing the system. The obtained results show that the risk of disruption and of reduction in traffic efficiency arises at lower market penetration levels. Nevertheless, a consistent trend in delay reduction is recorded upstream the roadworks, the highest reduction being equal to 8.66%. Moreover, the average speed at the roadworks entrance on the closing lane increases by a difference equal to around 10 km/h, while the average time in the queue at the highest market penetration reduces by 60 s on the open lane and 25 s on the closing one. These presented results reflect the way the traffic shifts from the slow to the fast lane thanks to the C-ITS system and effectively frames both the potentialities and the risks of the system.

Steam Turbine Design Considerations for Ultrasupercritical Cycles

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Zachary
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Balance Of Plant ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
The Impact

The current coal-fired power generation market requires higher cycle efficiencies not only for economic reasons, but also as a means of reducing plant carbon footprint. To achieve these goals, the plant must operate at higher pressures and temperatures in the supercritical (SC) and ultrasupercritical (USC) domains. This paper describes Bechtel’s experience and challenges in regard to the conceptual design and integration of large steam turbines operating under these severe conditions. Several examples of projects are described wherein Bechtel applied this neutral but proactive technical approach in the development or design phase to achieve the best and most cost-effective solution for its customers. The topics presented also relate to steam cycle optimization in terms of plant output, steam conditions, number of reheat circuits, and type and number of heaters. The impact on balance of plant systems, including water treatment, availability, and redundancy criteria, is also addressed.

scholarly journals Standards-Compliant Multi-Protocol On-Board Unit for the Evaluation of Connected and Automated Mobility Services in Multi-Vendor Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2090
Author(s):  
Roshan Sedar ◽  
Francisco Vázquez-Gallego ◽  
Ramon Casellas ◽  
Ricard Vilalta ◽  
Raul Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Heterogeneous Cloud ◽  
Cloud Servers ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Original Equipment Manufacturers

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications enable real-time information exchange between vehicles and infrastructure, which extends the perception range of vehicles beyond the limits of on-board sensors and, thus, facilitating the realisation of cooperative, connected, and automated mobility (CCAM) services that will improve road safety and traffic efficiency. In the context of CCAM, the successful deployments of cooperative intelligent transport system (C-ITS) use cases, with the integration of advanced wireless communication technologies, are effectively leading to make transport safer and more efficient. However, the evaluation of multi-vendor and multi-protocol based CCAM service architectures can become challenging and complex. Additionally, conducting on-demand field trials of such architectures with real vehicles involved is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. In order to overcome these obstacles, in this paper, we present the development of a standards-compliant experimental vehicular on-board unit (OBU) that supports the integration of multiple V2X protocols from different vendors to communicate with heterogeneous cloud-based services that are offered by several original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). We experimentally demonstrate the functionalities of the OBU in a real-world deployment of a cooperative collision avoidance service infrastructure that is based on edge and cloud servers. In addition, we measure end-to-end application-level latencies of multi-protocol supported V2X information flows to show the effectiveness of interoperability in V2X communications between different vehicle OEMs.

scholarly journals Review of V2X–IoT Standards and Frameworks for ITS Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolis Kiela ◽  
Vaidotas Barzdenas ◽  
Marijan Jurgo ◽  
Vytautas Macaitis ◽  
Justas Rafanavicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Dedicated Short Range Communications ◽  
Key Players

The intelligent transport system (ITS) has become one of the most globally researched topics with a lot of investment and development resources being dedicated into it due to its foreseen impact on the economic growth of the transport sector. Currently there are two main vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies, whose primary application is focused on ITS, backed up by the key players of various automotive, telecommunication and transport industries: dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X), respectively based on IEEE 802.11p and 3GPP LTE/5G NR. While DSRC already has deployments, C-V2X is expected to see larger scale trails and deployments in 2020. In this work, the authors provide insight and review into two main V2X technologies, DSRC and C-V2X, their core parameters, shortcomings and limitations, and explore the need for integration of IoT-based technologies into modern ITS solutions. A comprehensive overview and analysis of currently commercially available V2X products, their sub-blocks and features is provided.

scholarly journals Juvenile Justice Realignment: A policy analysis of California Senate Bill 823

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Stewart Patri
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Offender ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Population Type ◽  
Senate Bill ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
County Agencies

New legislation (Senate Bill 823) in the State of California, to realign the serious felony juvenile offender population from state facilities to county facilities, will go into effect July 1, 2021 (SB823, 2020). County probation departments will now be faced with determining how to provide adequate programming to a new population type of serious offender that includes adults in the age range of 18 to 25 years old. This places pressure on smaller county agencies to either find a cost-effective solution to modify their current facilities and programs or send this population to other county agencies. This research project analyzes the impact of SB823 on a sample of smaller counties.

10. Intelligent Transport System: The Indra Use Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Parrilla ◽  
Sergio Jiménez Gómez ◽  
Modris Greitans ◽  
Janis Judvaitis
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Intelligent Transport

The Impact of Intelligent Transport System Quality: Drivers’ Acceptance Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassn Ahmed H. Hassn ◽  
Amiruddin Ismail ◽  
Muhamad Nazri Borhan ◽  
Deprizon Syamsunur
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
The Impact

Nitrogen removal upgrade of a wastewater treatment plant within existing reactor volumes: A simulation supported scenario analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Coen ◽  
B. Vanderhaegen ◽  
I. Boonen ◽  
P. A. Vanrolleghem ◽  
L. Van Eyck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Measuring Campaign ◽  
Anoxic Zones ◽  
The Impact

A simulation supported scenario analysis for the upgrading of a municipal WWTP Hoogstraten (Belgium) with nitrogen removal is presented. The most cost-effective solution is to create optimal aerobic and anoxic conditions within the existing reactor volumes. The IAWQ-model No. 1 was used for the simulation of the biological reactor. A measuring campaign and some specific respirometric tests provided the necessary information for calibration and verification of the biological model. The study consisted of two parts: 1) increase of the denitrification capacity, and 2) optimisation of operation. First, the impact of three measures, i.e. creation of anoxic zones, implementation of step feeding and introduction of internal recirculation, was evaluated by means of simulation. For this purpose a standard time variant influent was defined based on the measuring campaign. This approach made it easy to compare the different scenarios. In the second part of the study some specific problems were handled. To avoid high nitrate concentrations during weekends three possible control actions were simulated. The simulation study also evaluated the usefulness of the primary clarifier in the upgraded design and the effect on the biological process of first flush during intensive rainfall.

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