scholarly journals Host Plant Species of Bemisia tabaci Affect Orientational Behavior of the Ladybeetle Serangium japonicum and Their Implication for the Biological Control Strategy of Whiteflies

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Mi Tian ◽  
Lili Xu ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
Shize Zhang ◽  
Tongxian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Serangium Japonicum ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Orientational Behavior

Serangium japonicum Chapin (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a predominant predator with a preference for Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). To date, the orientational behavior of S. japonicum toward B. tabaci-infested plants has seldom been reported. In this study, greenhouse cage experiments and bioassays with wind tunnels, a Y-tube olfactometer and B. tabaci-induced plant volatiles were executed to clarify this behavior. In greenhouse cage experiments, B. tabaci adults significantly preferred eggplant, cucumber and tobacco to cotton and tomato, whereas S. japonicum adults preferred B. tabaci-infested eggplant, cucumber and cotton to tobacco and tomato. In wind tunnel bioassays, B. tabaci showed a clear preference for eggplant, cucumber and tobacco. Compared with B. tabaci-infested eggplant, cucumber or cotton, B. tabaci-infested tobacco was rarely visited by S. japonicum. In Y-tube bioassays, S. japonicum did not distinguish between B. tabaci-infested and uninfested eggplant. Nine common plant volatiles were detected in different plant species, suggesting that these volatiles may play an important role in the process by which S. japonicum looks for prey. In light of the current results, we discuss the implications of our findings and put forward to a new strategy—i.e., an eggplant + B. tabaci + S. japonicum system—to control B. tabaci damage in the integrated management of whitefly.

scholarly journals Application of Polypodiopsida Class in Nanotechnology–Potential towards Development of More Effective Bioactive Solutions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Irina Fierascu ◽  
Radu Claudiu Fierascu ◽  
Camelia Ungureanu ◽  
Oana Alexandra Draghiceanu ◽  
Liliana Cristina Soare
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Real Potential ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Common Plant Species

The area of phytosynthesized nanomaterials is rapidly developing, with numerous studies being published yearly. The use of plant extracts is an alternative method to reduce the toxic potential of the nanomaterials and the interest in obtaining phytosynthesized nanoparticles is usually directed towards accessible and common plant species, ferns not being explored to their real potential in this field. The developed nanoparticles could benefit from their superior antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (compared with the nanoparticles obtained by other routes), thus proposing an important alternative against health care-associated and drug-resistant infections, as well as in other types of applications. The present review aims to summarize the explored application of ferns in nanotechnology and related areas, as well as the current bottlenecks and future perspectives, as emerging from the literature data.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the new integrated strategy to control the transmission of Schistosoma japonicum in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Qian ◽  
Yuefeng Zhang ◽  
Xinyan Zhang ◽  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Zhichao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Oncomelania Hupensis ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Schistosomiasis Control ◽  
Integrated Strategy ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Morbidity Control

Since 2004, the national schistosomiasis control strategy in China has shifted from the morbidity control strategy (conventional strategy) to an integrated strategy (new strategy). We investigated the effectiveness of the new strategy and compared it against the conventional strategy. We retrieved from electronic databases the literature regarding the new strategy published from 2000 to 2017. The effect of the new or conventional strategy on infection by Schistosoma japonicum of humans and snails (Oncomelania hupensis) was evaluated with pooled log relative risk (logRR). A total of only eight eligible publications were included in the final meta-analysis. The results showed that implementation of the new strategy reduced the infection risk by 3–4 times relative to the conventional strategy. More specifically, the conventional strategy caused a reduction in both human (logRR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.12–0.99) and snail infections (logRR = 0.34, 95% CI: −0.69–1.37), while the new strategy also significantly reduced both human (logRR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.33–2.46) and snail infections (logRR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.06–2.15). In contrast to the conventional strategy, the new strategy appeared more effective to control both human (logRR difference = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.78–1.86) and snail infections (logRR difference = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.76–2.31). Our data demonstrate that the new integrated strategy is highly effective to control the transmission of S. japonicum in China, and this strategy is recommended for schistosomiasis elimination in other affected regions across the world, with adaptation to local conditions.

scholarly journals Diversity and composition of plant species in the forest over limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Aureo ◽  
Tomas Reyes ◽  
Francis Carlo Mutia ◽  
Reizl Jose ◽  
Mary Beth Sarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Accumulation Curve ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Management And Conservation

Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL), considered the last frontier within the Central Visayas region, is an ideal location for flora and fauna research due to its rich biodiversity. This recent study was conducted to determine the plant species composition and diversity and to select priority areas for conservation to update management strategy. A field survey was carried out in fifteen (15) 20 m x 100 m nested plots established randomly in the forest over limestone of RSPL from July to October 2019. Three hundred and sixty eight (368) species of plants were identified up to species level. This represented 327 angiosperms, one gymnosperm and 40 pteridophytes. Common plant families with more than 10 representative species were Moraceae, Meliaceae, Lauraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Annonaceae, Araceae and Lauraceae. There were 93 (28%) endemic and 46 (14%) threatened species (vulnerable to critically endangered) observed. The cluster analysis and species accumulation curve suggests that plant species are not homogeneously distributed which implies that different management and conservation strategies should be implemented across RSPL. These results not only indicate the importance of RSPL, but also highlights areas with higher diversity and concentration of threatened and endemic species as a special area of concern. Furthermore, areas with high biodiversity value were recommended for immediate protection, while areas with low biodiversity value were recommended for reforestation programmes using species with high importance value.

scholarly journals Flora and vegetation of urbanized areas on the example of the Melekeska and Shukralinka valleys within Naberezhnye Chelny

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Dmitry Sergeevich Lyubarsky ◽  
Rimma Petrovna Tokinova
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Tap Root ◽  
Adventive Flora ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Flooded Areas ◽  
Ecological Types

The paper deals with the examination results of flora and vegetation of the Melekeska and Shukralinka valleys within Naberezhnye Chelny. The most common plant associations are identified, they are Bromopsetum variograminosum, B. varioherbosum, Festicetum variograminosum, Calamagrostetum epigeiosum; Phragmitetum australis associations are identified in the flooded areas. Anthropogenically altered areas with a high mosaicity of listed above associations communities and ephemeral weeds are widely represented. The volume and structure are shown in the areas flora. This area is subjected to constant anthropogenic load. Taxonomic and geographic analyses of flora as well as a range of vital forms and ecological types are submitted. 120 plant species from 94 genera and 40 families have been identified. The position of the leading families is like that in regional flora, Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Fabaceae are leading. Perennial polycarpic grasses especially long-rhizome (21,7%) and tap-root (15,0%) dominate among biomorphs (69,2%). Species with wide ranges are of paramount importance, they are Euro-West Asian (30,9%), Eurasian (27,5%), Holarctic (11,7%) and the percentage of alien species is 8,5%. Ruderal (36,7%), meadow (17,5%) and humid meadow (11,7%) species are leading in the ecological-coenotic spectrum. The adventive flora is represented by 16 species and it is briefly analyzed. Valley floras of some other Middle Volga rivers have been compared.

Toxicities of destruxins against Bemisia tabaci and its natural enemy, Serangium japonicum

Toxicon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong-Bo Hu ◽  
Xin-Cheng An ◽  
Feng-Liang Jin ◽  
Shoaib Freed ◽  
Shun-Xiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Serangium Japonicum

A New Nanorobots Movement Control Strategy for Treating Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Doaa Ezzat ◽  
Safaa El-Sayed Amin ◽  
Howida A. Shedeed ◽  
Mohamed F. Tolba
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance ◽  
Dynamic Obstacle

Nanorobots were proposed to deliver drugs directly into cancer cells to destroy only these cells without harming the surrounding cells. During their journey, the nanorobots may encounter some obstacles such as blood cells which may be resistant to their movement. So, it is necessary to avoid collisions with these obstacles to achieve their goal. This study proposes a new strategy for controlling the nanorobots movement in human body to reach cancer cells. This proposed strategy uses an efficient algorithm based on fuzzy logic for dynamic obstacle avoidance. Also, this proposed strategy uses the directed particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm for delivering nanorobots to cancer cells. Simulation experiments have proved that the proposed control strategy can efficiently deliver nanorobots to their target and also avoid collisions with dynamic obstacles which move in the same direction of the nanorobots or across their direction.

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