scholarly journals Butterfly Conservation in China: From Science to Action

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Wen-Ling Wang ◽  
Daniel O. Suman ◽  
Hui-Hong Zhang ◽  
Zhen-Bang Xu ◽  
Fang-Zhou Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Butterfly Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Rural And Urban

About 10% of the Earth’s butterfly species inhabit the highly diverse ecosystems of China. Important for the ecological, economic, and cultural services they provide, many butterfly species experience threats from land use shifts and climate change. China has recently adopted policies to protect the nation’s biodiversity resources. This essay examines the current management of butterflies in China and suggests various easily implementable actions that could improve these conservation efforts. Our recommendations are based on the observations of a transdisciplinary group of entomologists and environmental policy specialists. Our analysis draws on other successful examples around the world that China may wish to consider. China needs to modify its scientific methodologies behind butterfly conservation management: revising the criteria for listing protected species, focusing on umbrella species for broader protection, identifying high priority areas and refugia for conservation, among others. Rural and urban land uses that provide heterogeneous habitats, as well as butterfly host and nectar plants, must be promoted. Butterfly ranching and farming may also provide opportunities for sustainable community development. Many possibilities exist for incorporating observations of citizen scientists into butterfly data collection at broad spatial and temporal scales. Our recommendations further the ten Priority Areas of China’s National Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2011–2030).

scholarly journals Correspondence of butterfly and host plant diversity: foundation for habitat restoration and conservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Swarnali Mukherjee ◽  
Rudra Prasad Das ◽  
Soumyajit Banerjee ◽  
Parthiba Basu ◽  
Goutam K Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract At a spatial scale, the diversity of butterflies varies with numerous factors including the availability of the host plant species. In parity with this proposition, the correspondence of diversity of butterfly and plant in the background of the urban–rural gradient was evaluated using Kolkata, India, as a model study area. The results reveal significant positive correlation between the diversity of butterflies and the plants, with the different values for the suburban, rural, and urban areas. Identification of the butterfly loads for the plants in the respective areas can be useful in enhancing the conservation of the butterflies through enhanced plantation of the concerned plant species. Alternatively, the disclosure of the generalist and specialist pattern of the plant species preference by the butterflies may be useful in enhancing the population of the respective species in the concerned areas. The conservation strategy for butterfly species may be refined through the use of both or any one of the quantitative assessment of the butterfly–plant links in the urban–rural gradient in Kolkata, India, and similar places in the world.

scholarly journals Butterfly diversity in heterogeneous habitat of Bankura, West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15804-15816
Author(s):  
Kalyan Mukherjee ◽  
Ayan Mondal
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Butterfly Diversity ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitat ◽  
Chotanagpur Plateau ◽  
Bankura District

Butterfly diversity was observed in different habitats of Bankura District, West Bengal, India.  This district is located at the junction of Chotanagpur plateau and Gangetic plain; it contains a variety of transitional habitats.  We found 117 butterfly species from our covered survey area.  The highest species recorded in the present study belonged to family Lycaenidae (30.76%) and Nymphalidae (29.91%) followed by Hesperiidae (16.23%), Pieridae (13.67%), Papilionidae (8.54%), and Riodinidae (0.85%), respectively.  Based on sighting we found that 12.82% of all the butterflies recorded were abundant in nature while 21.36% were very common, 41.88% were frequent, and 23.93% were rare. Cluster analysis and other diversity indices gives us an overall idea about environmental health.  The pattern of diversity change from plain to plateau gradient gives important insight about ecological edge effect.  High species number in relation with low individual numbers were found in forest habitat.  This preliminary study showed that heterogeneous habitats could harbour many butterflies and need proper conservation efforts to sustain it. 

scholarly journals A flagship for Austral temperate forest conservation: an action plan for Darwin's frogs brings key stakeholders together

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Claudio Azat ◽  
Andrés Valenzuela-Sánchez ◽  
Soledad Delgado ◽  
Andrew A. Cunningham ◽  
Mario Alvarado-Rybak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Amphibian Conservation ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Conservation Actions

Abstract Darwin's frogs Rhinoderma darwinii and Rhinoderma rufum are the only known species of amphibians in which males brood their offspring in their vocal sacs. We propose these frogs as flagship species for the conservation of the Austral temperate forests of Chile and Argentina. This recommendation forms part of the vision of the Binational Conservation Strategy for Darwin's Frogs, which was launched in 2018. The strategy is a conservation initiative led by the IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, which in 2017 convened 30 governmental, non-profit and private organizations from Chile, Argentina and elsewhere. Darwin's frogs are iconic examples of the global amphibian conservation crisis: R. rufum is categorized as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) on the IUCN Red List, and R. darwinii as Endangered. Here we articulate the conservation planning process that led to the development of the conservation strategy for these species and present its main findings and recommendations. Using an evidence-based approach, the Binational Conservation Strategy for Darwin's Frogs contains a comprehensive status review of Rhinoderma spp., including critical threat analyses, and proposes 39 prioritized conservation actions. Its goal is that by 2028, key information gaps on Rhinoderma spp. will be filled, the main threats to these species will be reduced, and financial, legal and societal support will have been achieved. The strategy is a multi-disciplinary, transnational endeavour aimed at ensuring the long-term viability of these unique frogs and their particular habitat.

A Strategy for Conserving the Biodiversity of the Uttara Kannada District in South India

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ranjit Daniels ◽  
M. D. Subash Chandran ◽  
Madhav Gadgil
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
South India ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Sacred Groves ◽  
Evergreen Forests

Taking the various values ascribed to biodiversity as its point of departure rather many years ago, the present study aims at deriving a conservation strategy for Uttara Kannada. This hilly district, with the highest proportion of its area under forests in South India, is divided into five ecological zones: coastal, northern evergreen, southern evergreen, moist deciduous, and dry deciduous. The heavily-populated coastal zone includes mangrove forests and estuarine wetlands. The evergreen forests are particularly rich in the diversity of plant species which they support — including wild relatives of a number of cultivated plants. They also serve a vital function in watershed conservation. The moist deciduous forests are rich in bird species; both moist and dry deciduous forests include a number of freshwater ponds and lakes that support a high diversity of aquatic birds.Reviewing the overall distribution of biodiversity, we identify specific localities — including estuaries, evergreen forests, and moist deciduous forests — which should be set aside as Nature reserves. These larger reserves must be complemented by a network of traditionally-protected sacred groves and sacred trees that are distributed throughout the district and that protect today, for instance, the finest surviving stand of dipterocarp trees.We also spell out the necessary policy-changes in overall development strategy that should stem the ongoing decimation of biodiversity. These include (1) revitalizing community-based systems of sustainable management of village forests and protection of sacred groves and trees; (2) reorienting the usage-pattern of reserve forests from production of a limited variety of timber and softwood species for industrial consumers, to production of a larger diversity of non-wood forest produce of commercial value to support the rural economy; (3) utilizing marginal lands under private ownership for generating industrial wood supplies; and (4) provision of incentives for in situ maintenance of land-races of cultivated plants — especially evergreen, fruit-yielding trees — by the local people.It is proposed that this broad framework be now taken to the local communities, and that an action-plan be developed on the basis of inputs provided — and initiatives taken — by them.

scholarly journals Influences of landscape structure on butterfly diversity in urban private gardens using a citizen science approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Pendl ◽  
Raja Imran Hussain ◽  
Dietmar Moser ◽  
Thomas Frank ◽  
Thomas Drapela
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Butterfly Conservation ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Butterfly Diversity ◽  
Science Approach ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlthough urbanization is increasing worldwide, private gardens may help mitigate the impact of urbanization on butterfly diversity. We investigated how local and landscape factors correspond with the observed butterfly species diversity and species composition in Viennese private gardens. The goal is to determine the importance of private gardens for butterfly conservation. Butterfly species were observed by skilled volunteers by applying a citizen science approach. We related butterfly species numbers in private gardens with local parameters and landscape composition in a radius of 1 km around each garden. Data were analyzed using a regression approach based on generalized linear models. The butterfly species richness in private gardens was positively correlated with butterfly species richness in the surrounding landscapes. Butterfly species richness in private gardens increased with higher proportions of area relevant for butterflies in the surrounding landscape and with increasing numbers of host and nectar plant species in the private gardens. A higher proportion of wooded areas in the surrounding landscape was related with a smaller proportion of the landscape butterfly species pool being observed in the private gardens. Overall, our results could be useful in land use planning, and for future studies of how to integrate citizen science and make urban gardens more beneficial for butterfly conservation.

scholarly journals Conservation Strategy and Action Plan for the Great Bustard (Otis tarda) in Morocco 2016-2025

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdellilah ◽  
R. Aboulouafae ◽  
E. Alcázar ◽  
J.C. Alonso ◽  
Z. Amhaouch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Great Bustard ◽  
Otis Tarda

Moving with Time and Strategy

2011 ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
Sandeep Bhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information And Communication

This chapter presents evidence of using information and communication technologies (ICTs) towards the goal of sustainable community development. It argues that the biggest impediment to the growth of communities in the developing world is a lack of information and a fair incentive system, both of which can be addressed through ICTs. A three pronged action plan comprising of a development strategy, an information strategy, and a technology strategy is proposed towards this effect. The paper also showcases how a for-profit business, ITC Limited, transformed the face of agriculture in some parts of India, and how this model can be replicated in other parts of the world. It concludes with a description of the agricultural sector in Bangladesh and show how lessons drawn from the Indian case can be applied to Bangladesh and other developing countries.

An Idea Worth Sustaining: Evaluation of the sustainability potential of Choosing Wisely across Ontario Community Hospitals and Family Health Teams

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kastner ◽  
Julie Makarski ◽  
Kate Mossman ◽  
Kegan Harris ◽  
Leigh Hayden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Choosing Wisely ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Care Family ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

Abstract BackgroundEvidence shows that 30% of healthcare services are unnecessary and unlikely to benefit patients and may even be harmful. Choosing Wisely (CW) is a physician-initiated, international campaign (with campaigns in at least 20 countries) aimed at addressing unnecessary medical care through the provision of evidence-based resources and clinical guidance. Our objectives were to evaluate the sustainability potential of CW across four Ontario community hospitals and affiliated family health teams (FHT). MethodsWe recruited CW implementation teams across Ontario hospitals and their affiliated primary care family health teams (FHTs) to participate in a mixed-methods study to identify and respond to their CW implementation and sustainability challenges. The study involved the administration of a validated sustainability Survey at baseline, 6- and 12-months follow-up, and participation in two focus groups (at baseline and 6 months) to discuss identified successes and opportunities for improvement, and to respond to implementation and sustainability challenges through a team exercise involving the co-creation and implementation of an action plan to directly address them.ResultsFifteen CW implementation teams across five Ontario community hospitals and affiliated FHTs participated in the study. Three CW de-adoption priority areas were investigated by teams: de-prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and reducing Pre-Op testing and BUN/Urea lab testing. All 15 teams achieved a baseline sustainability team score that was well above the threshold of what is considered a potentially sustainable innovation (i.e., >55%). We observed steady improvements in sustainability scores over three time points across all primary care teams, which is a strong indication that CW is sustainable in these settings. Regardless of site or priority area, facilitators that were common across all teams were fit with existing processes and workflows, leadership support, and optimized team communication. Common challenges were: lack of awareness and buy-in, lack of leadership engagement or a champion, and lack of fit with existing workflow and culture. All teams identified at least one challenge (during the baseline focus groups) for which they co-designed and implemented a plan to address them aimed at maximizing the sustainability potential of their CW priority areas. ConclusionsEvaluating the sustainability potential of an innovation such as Choosing Wisely is critical to ensuring that they have the best potential for impact. Our work highlights that implementation teams can be empowered to influence their implementation efforts, and to realize positive outcomes for their healthcare services and patients.

Disappearing jewels: an urgent need for conservation of Fiji’s partulid tree snail fauna

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilianne Brodie ◽  
Gary M. Barker ◽  
Helen Pippard ◽  
Cindy S. Bick ◽  
Diarmaid Ó Foighil
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Sister Relationship

Where conservation status of island non-marine molluscs is known, snails tend to be one of the most threatened faunal groups. However, published information regarding island gastropod conservation status, diversity and endemism is frequently unavailable despite the importance of this information for the formulation of biodiversity action plans and conservation strategy. Fiji, for example, has a diverse native land snail fauna (>240 species) with an endemism level of ~80%, but only within the last few years has any information about any of these species been available to the national biodiversity reporting repository. For one lineage in particular, members of the tree snail family Partulidae, with four endemic Fiji Island species, the conservation status of the group has never been assessed. However, based on the alarming extinction rates documented in partulid snail species on other Pacific Islands, information about the occurrence and status of these taxa is urgently needed for Fiji’s biodiversity action plan. To redress this information void, we formulated the Fijian Partulid Tree Snail Project, consisting of five components: (1) raising awareness; (2) locating populations and monitoring population trends; (3) elucidating patterns of genetic diversity; (4) creating action partnerships; and (5) conducting disturbance gradient analyses. The overall goal was to characterise mechanisms leading to persistence of partulids in the face of increasing anthropogenic disturbance. In the initial stages of this project, existing information on Fiji’s partulids was collated and two small, remote islands in the Fiji archipelago were surveyed to investigate whether tree snails persisted there. Living populations of Partula lanceolata and empty shells of Partula leefei were found on Cicia Island in Lau, and on Rotuma Island in the Rotuma Group, respectively. DNA analyses confirm a sister relationship between the two Partula species in north-eastern Lau, P. lirata and P. lanceolata, with both sharing a sister relationship with a member of the same genus in Vanuatu – P. auraniana Hartman, 1888. Prioritisation and further sampling of additional islands, and residual native habitat on less accessible islands and islets, is needed to fully assess the conservation status of all four Fijian species via the IUCN Red List process. Moreover, the basic descriptive information and associated studies reported here will serve to raise awareness of Fiji’s endemic tree snails particularly in communities that had no prior knowledge of their special conservation status; and also at a wider national, regional and global level. Community awareness is particularly vital as the willing support of land owners in the relevant small island communities is critical to implementing any future conservation action plans.

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