scholarly journals Overview of Bee Pollination and Its Economic Value for Crop Production

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Shaden A. M. Khalifa ◽  
Esraa H. Elshafiey ◽  
Aya A. Shetaia ◽  
Aida A. Abd El-Wahed ◽  
Ahmed F. Algethami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Global Food

Pollination plays a significant role in the agriculture sector and serves as a basic pillar for crop production. Plants depend on vectors to move pollen, which can include water, wind, and animal pollinators like bats, moths, hoverflies, birds, bees, butterflies, wasps, thrips, and beetles. Cultivated plants are typically pollinated by animals. Animal-based pollination contributes to 30% of global food production, and bee-pollinated crops contribute to approximately one-third of the total human dietary supply. Bees are considered significant pollinators due to their effectiveness and wide availability. Bee pollination provides excellent value to crop quality and quantity, improving global economic and dietary outcomes. This review highlights the role played by bee pollination, which influences the economy, and enlists the different types of bees and other insects associated with pollination.

scholarly journals Economic value of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Nigeria and its impacts on the global food production

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monday Sunday Adiaha
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
World Population ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Global Food

The study surveys the economic value of Maize (Zea mays L) in Nigeria and its impact on global food production. The result analysis proves maize to be of high economic value in Nigeria, contributing massively to global increase in crop production. The crop has shown ability to be used in combating global food shortages. Data of this survey presented that production of maize in Nigeria has raised the standard of living, providing income to smallholder farmers and increased foreign exchange earnings. Utilization of maize in Nigeria ranges from; food, medicinal, pharmaceutical including industrial uses. Increase in maize production across Nigeria has greatly increase land utilization, where more arable land are been covered for the production of this important food crop, in-other to feed the ever-growing world population and as a measure for food/nutrition security, especially in developing countries like Nigeria.

scholarly journals Buzz City: Bee-Builder's Toolkit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Sisourath
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Global Food Supply

Bee populations are directly linked to the sustainability of our environment, as healthy bees are required for viable food production. Habitat loss and fragmentation from rapid urban development are some of the major factors that have led to an alarming decline in recent bee populations. Without bee pollination, our global food supply would diminish immensely leading to shortages and crises that threaten our food security. This thesis will explore architectural strategies to create dedicated bee habitats within the urban realm. The designs will encompass the crafting of a bee builder’s toolkit, which consist of bee-friendly components that can be adapted to various urban site conditions. It will look at opportunities for integrating bee-friendly habitats within the public sphere. These will create networks of pollination corridors that connect existing fragmented urban green spaces. This strategy aims to strengthen pollination and pollinator health while stimulating public engagement and awareness of the environment.

scholarly journals The Water Footprint of Global Food Production

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2696
Author(s):  
Mesfin M. Mekonnen ◽  
Winnie Gerbens-Leenes
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Dietary Shifts ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Main Consumer ◽  
Future Population

Agricultural production is the main consumer of water. Future population growth, income growth, and dietary shifts are expected to increase demand for water. The paper presents a brief review of the water footprint of crop production and the sustainability of the blue water footprint. The estimated global consumptive (green plus blue) water footprint ranges from 5938 to 8508 km3/year. The water footprint is projected to increase by as much as 22% due to climate change and land use change by 2090. Approximately 57% of the global blue water footprint is shown to violate the environmental flow requirements. This calls for action to improve the sustainability of water and protect ecosystems that depend on it. Some of the measures include increasing water productivity, setting benchmarks, setting caps on the water footprint per river basin, shifting the diets to food items with low water requirements, and reducing food waste.

Climate change risks to push large parts of global food production and population centres to unprecedented conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Kummu ◽  
Matias Heino ◽  
Maija Taka ◽  
Olli Varis ◽  
Daniel Viviroli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Global Food

<p>The majority of global food production, as we know it, is based on agricultural practices developed within stable Holocene climate conditions. Climate change is altering the key conditions for human societies, such as precipitation, temperature and aridity. Their combined impact on altering the conditions in areas where people live and grow food has not yet, however, been systematically quantified on a global scale. Here, we estimate the impacts of two climate change scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 8.5) on major population centres and food crop production areas at 5 arc-min scale (~10 km at equator) using Holdridge Life Zones (HLZs), a concept that incorporates all the aforementioned climatic characteristics. We found that if rapid growth of GHG emissions is not halted (RCP 8.5), in year 2070, one fifth of the major food production areas and one fourth of the global population centres would experience climate conditions beyond the ones where food is currently produced, and people are living. Our results thus reinforce the importance of following the RCP 2.6 path, as then only a small fraction of food production (5%) and population centres (6%) would face such unprecedented conditions. Several areas experiencing these unprecedented conditions also have low resilience, such as those within Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Chad, and Guinea-Bissau. In these countries over 75% of food production and population would experience unprecedented climatic conditions under RCP 8.5. These and many other hotspot areas require the most urgent attention to secure sustainable development and equity.</p>

One-third of global food production at risk for unprecedented climate conditions due to climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Kummu ◽  
Matias Heino ◽  
Maija Taka ◽  
Olli Varis ◽  
Daniel Viviroli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Global Food

<p>The majority of food production is based on agricultural practices developed for the stable Holocene climatic conditions, which now are under risk for rapid change due to climate change. Although various studies have assessed the potential changes in climatic conditions and their projected impacts on yields globally, there is no clear understanding on the climatic niche of the current food production. Nor, which areas are under risk of falling outside this niche.</p><p>In this study we aim first at defining the novel concept Safe Climatic Space (SCS) by using a combination of three key climatic parameters. SCS is defined here as the climate conditions to which current food production systems (here crop production and livestock production separately) are accustomed to, an analogue to Safe Operating Space (SOS) concepts such as Planetary Boundaries and human climate niche. We use a combination of selected key climatic factors to define the SCS through the Holdridge Life Zone (HLZ) concept. It allows us to first define the SCS based on three climatic factors (annual precipitation, biotemperature and aridity) and to identify which food production areas would stay within it under changed future climate conditions. </p><p>We show that a rapid and unhalted growth of GHG emissions (SSP5-8.5) could force 31% (25-37% with 5th-95th percentile confidence interval) of global food crop production and 34% (26-43%) of livestock production beyond the SCS by 2081-2100. Our results underpin the importance of committing to a low emission scenario (SSP1-2.6), whereupon the extent of food production facing unprecedented conditions would be a fraction: 8% (4-10%) for crop production and 4% (2-8%) for livestock production. The most vulnerable areas are the ones at risk of leaving SCS with low resilience to cope with the change, particularly South and Southeast Asia and Africa’s Sudano-Sahelian Zone. </p><p>Our findings reinforce the existing research in suggesting that climate change forces humanity into a new era of reduced validity of past experiences and dramatically increased uncertainties. Future solutions should be concentrated on actions that would both mitigate climate change as well as increase resilience in food systems and societies, increase the food production sustainability that respects key planetary boundaries, adapt to climate change by, for example, crop migration and foster local livelihoods especially in the most critical areas.</p>

scholarly journals Review: Pollination, Pollinated and Pollinators Interaction in Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Irshad ◽  
Elizabeth Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Sexual Production ◽  
Production Value

The agriculture sector is important in the overall economy and export earnings of Pakistan. Pollination is an essential ecosystem service that depends on symbiosis between species, the pollinated and the pollinator. Animal mediated pollination contributes to the sexual production of over 90% species of modern angiosperms. Effective pollination results in increased crop production, quality improvement and more seed production. Many fruits, vegetables, edible oil crops, stimulant crops and nuts are highly dependent on bee pollination. Worldwide value of pollinators is €153 billion (217 billion US dollars). The production value of pollinated dependent crop in Pakistan is quantified to be 1.59 billion US$. There is serious deficit of pollinators worldwide and also in Pakistan. Small percentage of Pakistani population understands the process of pollination and its importance. It is essential to up scale the capacity of various stakeholders concerned with crop production in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Leaf Disease Discerning and Pesticides Recommendation using Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1775-1782
Author(s):  
Patil N S
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
Production Problems

Crop production problems are common in India which severely effect rural farmers, agriculture sector and the country’s economy as a whole. Food production is to be compromised by various problems; one among them is leaf disease. In Crops, leaf plays a significant job as it gives data about the amount and nature of yield ahead of time contingent on the state of leaf. In this paper we propose the framework which takes a shot at pre-processing, feature extraction of leaf pictures from plant dataset pursued by convolution neural system for disease classification and suggesting Pesticides utilizing Tensorflow innovation.

scholarly journals Rapid Repurposing of Biorefinery, Pulp & Paper and Breweries for Lignocellulosic Sugar Production in Global Food Shortages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Throup ◽  
Bryan Bals ◽  
Jacob Cates ◽  
Juan Bartolomé García Martínez ◽  
Joshua M. Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Unit Component ◽  
Global Food

Lignocellulosic sugar for food production has a significant role to play in buildingresilience and responding to global disasters and catastrophes, such as concurrentweather events, pandemics or sun-blocking events such as nuclear war, asteroidimpact, and volcanic eruptions that could cause global agricultural failure.This study examines how quickly edible sugar could be scaled globally from the sugarplatform biorefinery and a brewery by a sub-unit component comparison of the NRELBiochemical Sugar Model. We show that 45% of the world’s current sugar demandcould be produced by repurposing the world’s pulp & paper mills after 5 monthsthrough constructing 24/7. This was estimated to reduce the time of construction to32% of the expected time at an increased cost of 1.5 times, meaning sugar productionwould begin after 5 months at a retail cost of $2.40/kg.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC VALUE OF BEE POLLINATION IN CROP PRODUCTION IN THE STATE OF GOIÁS

2015 ◽  
pp. 3592-3603
Author(s):  
Anna Clara Chaves Ribeiro ◽  
Carlos de Melo e Silva-Neto ◽  
Aniela Pilar Campos De Melo ◽  
José Neiva Mesquita Neto ◽  
Bruno Bastos Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The State ◽  
Bee Pollination

scholarly journals On the synchronized failure of global crop production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zia Mehrabi ◽  
Navin Ramankutty
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Failure Event ◽  
Mean Climate ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Production Losses

AbstractMultiple breadbasket failure is a risk to global food security. However, there are no global analyses that have assessed if global food production has actually tended towards synchronized failure historically. We show that synchronization in production for major commodities such as maize and soy has declined in recent decades, but that increased synchrony, when present, has had marked destabilizing effects. Under the hypothetical case of a synchronized failure event, we estimate simultaneous global production losses for rice, wheat, soy and maize between −18% and −36%. Our results show that maintaining asynchrony in the food system and mitigating instability through food storage in good years, both require a central place in discussions of future food demand under mean climate change, population growth and consumption trends.

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