scholarly journals Bioactivity of Cereal- and Legume-Based Macaroni Pasta Volatiles to Adult Sitophilus granarius (L.)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Pasquale Trematerra ◽  
Onofrio Marco Pistillo ◽  
Giacinto Salvatore Germinara ◽  
Marco Colacci
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Sitophilus Granarius ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Insect Attraction

The attractiveness of ten commercially available Italian macaroni pastas made from different cereals [Triticum durum; Triticum durum (whole wheat); Triticum dicoccum; mixture of five cereals; Triticum turgidum; Triticum turanicum] or legumes (Cicer arietinum; Lens culinaris; Pisum sativum; Vicia faba) to Sitophilus granarius, was compared. S. granarius adults were more attracted to cereal pastas than legume pastas, but the differences in attractiveness were not always significant. Consistent with the results of behavioural bioassays, the mortality of adults over 20 days exposed to pasta samples was 100% with the legume pasta samples and only 8% with the T. turanicum pasta. GC-MS analysis of HS-SPME extracts from the different pasta samples highlighted marked qualitative and quantitative differences, with aliphatic aldehydes and aliphatic alcohols being the most abundant volatile components of cereal- and legume-pastas, respectively. In two-choice behavioural bioassays, insect attraction to a 1:1 combination of T. turanicum and C. arietinum pastas (80%) was even higher than that observed in T. turanicum pasta alone (64%) and in C. arietinum pasta alone (20%). This strongly suggested that the low attractiveness of legume pasta is mainly due to the lack of attractant stimuli rather than emission of repellent compounds.

scholarly journals Volatile Components of Two Endemic Species from the Apuan Alps (Tuscany, Italy), Centaurea Arachnoidea and C. Montis-Borlae (Asteraceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500
Author(s):  
Lucia Viegi ◽  
Mirko Boracchia ◽  
Roberto Cecotti ◽  
Aldo Tava
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Apuan Alps

The volatile fractions of Centaurea arachnoidea and C. montis-borlae, two endemic species growing wild in the Apuan Alps (Tuscany, Italy), were isolated by steam distillation from fresh leaves and flowerheads, and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The yield of essential oil ranged from 0.01% to 0.09% of fresh material. A wide variety of volatile compounds was detected in the examined plant species and organs, both in qualitative and quantitative terms. Sesquiterpenes were the major constituents, ranging from 18.9% to 73.2% of the total oil. Alcohols (1.6-25.8%), aldehydes (1.5-12.0%), hydrocarbons (1.8-11.9%), acids (0.2-25.4%), esters (0.2-1.3%), monoterpenes (0.7-1.4%), and miscellaneous compounds (0.6-2.6%), were also detected in variable amounts in all different sample tissues. A series of unidentified compounds was also isolated from the two species, both in leaves and flowerheads, accounting for 2.4-6.7% of the total oil. According to MS spectral data, these substances were likely to be polyunsaturated compounds; moreover, they appear to be species-specific, as their presence was only detected in either one or the other Centaurea species.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF LARVAE OF THE GRANARY WEEVIL, SITOPHILUS GRANARIUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), ON NATURAL AND MERIDIC DIETS

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Baker ◽  
J. M. Mabie
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Sitophilus Granarius ◽  
Granary Weevil ◽  
Whole Wheat Flour ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Meridic Diet

AbstractA procedure is described for obtaining free eggs and first-stage larvae of Sitophilus granarius (L.) and rearing the larvae to the adult stage on whole wheat, corn, and rice flours and on diet 2, a casein–starch-based meridic diet.Larval growth rates of males and females reared at 29 °C and 65% R.H. on whole wheat flour were comparable although males attained a higher maximum mean weight. Days to 50% adult emergence (eclosion) were 25.5 and 26.5 for females and males, respectively.Larval growth rates on whole wheat flour were comparable with those on whole corn flour but were better than the rates obtained on whole rice flour; however, growth on diet 2 was improved compared with that on whole wheat flour. The mean weights of 14-day-old larvae were 2.51 ±.40 mg and 1.25 ±.16 mg for those reared on diet 2 and wheat flour, respectively. Similarly, survival to the adult stage was slightly greater (79%) on diet 2 than on wheat (70%). On diet 1, a casein–glucose-based meridic diet, no larvae developed to the pupal stage.

Effect of tillage and crop residues management on lentil (Lens culinaris L.) yield, some yield components and weed density in rainfed areas of Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Kiliç ◽  
Zübeyir Türk ◽  
Songül Gürsoy
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
East Anatolia

To study various forms of tillage and residue management, and the timing of such operations for lentil (<italic>Lens culinaris, L</italic>) agriculture after wheat (<italic>Triticum turgidum sp. durum</italic>) harvest in rainfed areas of South-East Anatolia Region of Turkey, ten different treatments were evaluated for three years from 2002 to 2005. According to statically analysis results of data obtained from experiment, the effect of treatments on weed density was significant. Secondary tillage after rainfall reduced both grassy and broadleaf weed density. The residue burning didn’t significantly reduce weed density. Late plantings gave significantly higher lentil seed yield than early plantings. The T9 treatment which was residue chopping + summer chisel + cultivator after rainfall + late planting gave the highest grain yield and net benefit. The other treatments were dominated due to less net benefit and higher costs that vary. Therefore, they were considered as uneconomical treatments.

Analysis of the Volatile Chemical Constituents of Agrimonla pilosa Ledeb with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Heuristic Evolving Latent Projections

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Li Li Xu ◽  
Yun Biao He ◽  
Xiao Liang Feng ◽  
Lan Fang Huang ◽  
Yu Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Analysis of the volatile components in Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb with heuristic evolving latent projections (HELP) was presented. After extracted with water distillation method, the volatile components were detected by GCMS. Then the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the volatile components was completed with HELP resolving two-dimensional original data into mass spectra and chromatograms. 62 of 83 separated constituents in the total ion chromatogram of the volatile components were identified and quantified, accounting for about 86.49% of the total content. The obtained information can provide foundation for further study of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. This developed method can also be used for quality control of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb samples.

INFLUENCE OF ALIEN GENOME COMBINATIONS ON PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN CEREALS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1647-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Yong ◽  
A. M. Unrau
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Triticum Vulgare ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Variable Influence

Starch-gel electrophoresis of the water-soluble, salt-soluble, and alcohol soluble proteins of Triticale, Triticum durum, Secale cereale, Triticum vulgare, and Tritipyron revealed both qualitative and quantitative differences. The experimental evidence obtained indicated that the biosynthetic potential of the alien genomes in the synthetic species (Triticale) was not fully maintained. A variable influence of the tetraploid wheat (T. durum) genomes on protein synthesis in the three hexaploid cereals (Triticale, T. vulgare, and Tritipyron) was observed.

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