A Fine-Scale Hotspot at the Edge: Epigean Arthropods from the Atacama Coast (Paposo-Taltal, Antofagasta Region, Chile)

The Atacama Desert at its margins harbors a unique biodiversity that is still very poorly known, especially in coastal fog oases spanning from Perú towards the Atacama coast. An outstanding species-rich fog oasis is the latitudinal fringe Paposo-Taltal, that is considered an iconic site of the Lomas formation. This contribution is the first to reveal the knowledge on arthropods of this emblematic coastal section. We used pitfall traps to study the taxonomic composition, richness, and abundance of terrestrial arthropods in 17 sample sites along a 100 km section of the coast between 24.5 and 25.5 southern latitude, in a variety of characteristic habitats. From a total of 9154 individuals, we were able to identify 173 arthropod species grouped into 118 genera and 57 families. The most diverse group were insects, with 146 species grouped in 97 genera and 43 families, while arachnids were represented by 27 species grouped into 21 genera and 14 families. Current conservation challenges on a global scale are driving the creation and evaluation of potential conservation sites in regions with few protected areas, such as the margins of the Atacama Desert. Better taxonomic, distributional, and population knowledge is urgently needed to perform concrete conservation actions in a biodiversity hotspot at a desert edge.

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Community structure of arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in three different rice planting indexes in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d211050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Tili Karenina ◽

Siti Herlinda ◽

Chandra Irsan ◽

Yulia Pujiastuti ◽

Hasbi Hasbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Herbivorous Insects ◽

Arthropod Community ◽

Pitfall Traps ◽

Sogatella Furcifera ◽

Pardosa Pseudoannulata ◽

Arthropod Species ◽

Predatory Arthropods

Abstract. Karenina T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y, Hasbi, Suparman, Lakitan B, Hamidson H, Umayah A. 2020. Community structure of arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in three different rice planting indexes in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4839-4849. Differences in the index of rice planting can cause differences in the structure of the arthropod community. This study aimed to characterize the community structure of the arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in the three different rice planting indexes (PI) in the freshwater swamps of South Sumatra. Sampling of the arthropods using D-vac and pitfall traps was conducted in the three different rice planting, namely one (PI-100), two (PI-200), and three (PI-300) planting indexes of the rice. The results of the study showed that the dominant predatory arthropod species in the rice fields were Pardosa pseudoannulata, Tetragnatha javana, Tetragnatha virescens, Pheropsophus occipitalis, Paederus fuscipes, and the dominant herbivorous insects were Leptocorisa acuta, Nilavarpata lugens, and Sogatella furcifera. The abundance of arboreal predatory arthropods was the highest in the PI-300 rice and the lowest in the PI-100 rice. The abundance of soil-dwelling arthropods was the highest in the rice PI-100, and low in the rice PI-200 and PI-300, but the rice PI-100 had the highest abundance of the herbivorous insects. The rice PI-300 was the most ideal habitats to maintain the abundance and the species diversity of the arboreal predatory arthropods. Thus, the rice cultivation throughout the year was profitable in conserving and maintaining the abundance and species diversity of the predatory arthropods.

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ENSO Influence on Coastal Fog-Water Yield in the Atacama Desert, Chile

Aerosol and Air Quality Research ◽

10.4209/aaqr.2017.01.0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 127-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Camilo del Río ◽

Daniela Rivera ◽

Alexander Siegmund ◽

Nils Wolf ◽

Pilar Cereceda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atacama Desert ◽

Water Yield ◽

Fog Water ◽

Coastal Fog

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Biosecurity risks posed by a large sea-going passenger vessel: challenges of terrestrial arthropod species detection and eradication

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55554-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Simon J. McKirdy ◽

Simon O’Connor ◽

Melissa L. Thomas ◽

Kristin L. Horton ◽

Angus Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monitoring Program ◽

Marine Species ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Terrestrial Arthropods ◽

Arthropod Species ◽

Detailed List ◽

The Baltic ◽

Passenger Vessel ◽

Non Indigenous Species ◽

Large Vessels

AbstractLarge sea-going passenger vessels can pose a high biosecurity risk. The risk posed by marine species is well documented, but rarely the risk posed by terrestrial arthropods. We conducted the longest running, most extensive monitoring program of terrestrial arthropods undertaken on board a passenger vessel. Surveillance was conducted over a 19-month period on a large passenger (cruise) vessel that originated in the Baltic Sea (Estonia). The vessel was used as an accommodation facility to house workers at Barrow Island (Australia) for 15 months, during which 73,061 terrestrial arthropods (222 species - four non-indigenous (NIS) to Australia) were collected and identified on board. Detection of Tribolium destructor Uytt., a high-risk NIS to Australia, triggered an eradication effort on the vessel. This effort totalled more than 13,700 human hours and included strict biosecurity protocols to ensure that this and other non-indigenous species (NIS) were not spread from the vessel to Barrow Island or mainland Australia. Our data demonstrate that despite the difficulties of biosecurity on large vessels, stringent protocols can stop NIS spreading from vessels, even where vessel-wide eradication is not possible. We highlight the difficulties associated with detecting and eradicating NIS on large vessels and provide the first detailed list of species that inhabit a vessel of this kind.

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Identifying the Species Threat Hotspots from Global Supply Chains

10.1101/076869 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Moran ◽

Keiichiro Kanemoto

Keyword(s):

Supply Chains ◽

Global Scale ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Spatially Explicit ◽

Conservation Priorities ◽

Global Supply Chains ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

Successful Approach ◽

Export Industries

Summary SentenceSpatially explicit footprints make it possible to locate biodiversity hotspots linked to global supply chains.Identifying species threat hotspots has been a successful approach for setting conservation priorities. One major challenge in conservation is that in many hotspots export industries continue to drive overexploitation. Conservation measures must consider not just the point of impact, but also the consumer demand that ultimately drives resource use. To understand which species threat hotspots are driven by which consumers, we have developed a new approach to link a set of biodiversity footprint accounts to the hotspots of threatened species on the IUCN Red List. The result is a map connecting global supply chains to impact locations. Connecting consumption to spatially explicit hotspots driven by production has not been done before on a global scale. Locating biodiversity threat hotspots driven by consumption of goods and services can help connect conservationists, consumers, companies, and governments in order to better target conservation actions.

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Composition and diversity of anurans in the largest conservation unit in Pampa biome, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2015-0113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ana Maria Rigon Bolzan ◽

Suélen Alves Saccol ◽

Tiago Gomes dos Santos

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Geographic Distance ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Reproductive Modes ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

Scientific Collections ◽

Bodies Of Water ◽

Initial Knowledge

Grassy biomes occupy about 20% of the earth's surface, and are characteristic of northern Australia, Africa and South America, being biodiversity in these environments poorly understood. The Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Ibirapuitã includes areas with the best-preserved grassland areas in the Pampa biome in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This study aimed to determine anuran species richness, abundance, constancy of occurrence, and reproductive modes, and to compare the taxonomic composition in the APA with other localities within the grassland areas of the southernmost of South America. We collected frogs from September to November 2012 and in November 2013 by sampling of reproductive sites. We also examined specimens deposited in herpetological collections. In total, 32 frog species were identified from the combination of larval and adult sampling and analysis of specimens deposited in scientific collections. The registered anurofauna is typical of grassland areas, with at least 10% restricted to the subtropical region of South America and at least two species considered endangered in state and global scales. The most abundant species was Pseudopaludicola falcipes and Hypsiboas pulchellus was the species most frequently found among sites. Five reproductive modes were recorded, and the most common mode consists of development of exotrophic tadpole and deposition in to lentic bodies of water (57.5%). Cluster analysis of 16 communities representing grassland locations presented five groups with more than 50% similarity, whose structure was influenced by geographic distance but can be partially interpreted by regional peculiarities (e.g. height and phytophysiognomies). Our results consist of initial knowledge base on the anurofauna of APA do Ibirapuitã, supporting recommendations for future conservation actions to APA and also for the grassland biomes, which are increasingly threatened by human activities.

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Insects and allies associated with bromeliads: a review

Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews ◽

10.1163/187498308x414742 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 125-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

◽

Keyword(s):

Seed Dispersal ◽

Water Surface ◽

Host Plants ◽

Plant Family ◽

Terrestrial Arthropods ◽

Arthropod Species ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

Terrestrial Insects ◽

Complex Relationships

AbstractBromeliads are a Neotropical plant family (Bromeliaceae) with about 2,900 described species. They vary considerably in architecture. Many impound water in their inner leaf axils to form phytotelmata (plant pools), providing habitat for terrestrial arthropods with aquatic larvae, while their outer axils provide terraria for an assemblage of fully terrestrial arthropods. Many bromeliads are epiphytic. Dominant terrestrial arthropods with aquatic larvae inhabiting bromeliad phytotelmata are typically larvae of Diptera, of which at least 16 families have been reported, but in some circumstances are Coleoptera, of which only three families have been reported. Other groups include crabs and the insect orders Odonata, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera, plus Hemiptera with adults active on the water surface. The hundreds of arthropod species are detritivores or predators and do not harm their host plants. Many of them are specialists to this habitat. Terrestrial arthropods with terrestrial larvae inhabiting bromeliad terraria include many more arachnid and insect orders, but relatively few specialists to this habitat. They, too, are detritivores or predators. Arthropod herbivores, especially Curculionidae (Coleoptera) and Lepidoptera, consume leaves, stems, flowers, pollen, and roots of bromeliads. Some herbivores consume nectar, and some of these and other arthropods provide pollination and even seed-dispersal. Ants have complex relationships with bromeliads, a few being herbivores, some guarding the plants from herbivory, and some merely nesting in bromeliad terraria. A few serve as food for carnivorous bromeliads, which also consume other terrestrial insects. Bromeliads are visited by far more species of arthropods than breed in them. This is especially notable during dry seasons, when bromeliads provide moist refugia.

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Functional diversity and biogeography using ‘sFDvent’ - the first global trait database for hydrothermal vent species

10.7287/peerj.preprints.26627 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Abbie Chapman ◽

Amanda E Bates ◽

Verena Tunnicliffe ◽

The sFDvent Working Group ◽

Keyword(s):

Functional Diversity ◽

Hydrothermal Vent ◽

Hydrothermal Vents ◽

Large Scale ◽

Global Scale ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Data Availability ◽

Biogeographic Provinces ◽

Selected Traits ◽

Ne Pacific

The taxonomic composition of hydrothermal vent communities differs markedly on a global scale, forming distinct biogeographic provinces. The relative biodiversity of these areas can be assessed using traits as a common, cross-province ‘currency’. First, we used well-studied Juan de Fuca Ridge vents (NE Pacific) to assess trait data availability for vent species and to test the performance of functional diversity metrics given a species-poor system. These investigations highlighted vents as model ‘untouched’ ecosystems for developing ecological theory for conservation, advocating the potential of a vent trait database. Next, we built a global trait database for vent species – ‘sFDvent’. We selected traits that characterized the performance of a species and its contribution to ecosystem function, and best matched with established trait databases to ensure cross-ecosystem consistency. An international pool of experts scored these traits to populate the 14-trait database. Using sFDvent, we: created the first map of functional biogeography for deep-sea hydrothermal vents; assessed global-scale functional biodiversity trends (e.g., the East Pacific has fewer functionally unique species than the West Pacific, based on preliminary analyses); and evaluated the potential roles of large-scale environmental processes on these patterns.

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Arthropods of the Limarí River basin (Coquimbo Region, Chile): taxonomic composition in agricultural ecosystems

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo ◽

10.48162/rev.39.023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 245-253

Author(s):

Jaime Pizarro-Araya ◽

Fermín M. Alfaro ◽

Rodrigo A. Muñoz-Rivera ◽

Juan E. Barriga-Tuñon ◽

Luis Letelier

Keyword(s):

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Agricultural Activity ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Dry Land ◽

Norte Chico ◽

Pest Monitoring ◽

Arthropod Species ◽

Starting Point

The Limarí valley, located in the Coquimbo Region of Chile, is an important agricultural area that is immersed in the transverse valleys of the Norte Chico. In recent decades, the continuous expansion of agriculture towards dry land zones has favored the migration and establishment of potential pests, such as arthropods, that may affect crops or be zoonotic agents. Based on the limited knowledge we have about the arthropod group present in the Limarí basin, our objective is to describe the taxonomic composition of the assemblage of economically important arthropods inhabiting this basin of the semiarid region of Chile. After reviewing historical data, specimen collections, and the specialized literature, a total of 414 arthropod species were recorded. Of the total number of species recorded, 92.5% were insects, the most diverse taxon, with 11 orders. Arachnids, in turn, were represented only by Acari with 31 species. The most widely represented orders of insects were Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. Within Coleoptera the most species-rich families were, in decreasing order of importance, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae, Cerambycidae, Scarabaeidae, Chrysomelidae (Bruchinae), Ptinidae, and Bostrichidae; within Hemiptera these were Aphididae, Diaspididae, Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Pentatomidae and Rhopalidae; and within Lepidoptera they were Noctuidae and Tortricidae. We hope this study serves as a starting point for identifying the most diverse arthropod groups and developing pest monitoring and control programs. Highlights: A large percentage of phytophagous species, mainly belonging to Acari, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were registered in the Limarí basin. Some families of agricultural importance (Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Margarodidae, Pseudococcidae), were observed in large agricultural crops in the basin (e.g., vines, oranges, mandarins, lemon trees, avocado trees, walnuts, olive trees, vegetable crops). A smaller fraction corresponded to the group of predators and parasitoids, mainly represented by Coleoptera (Coccinellidae), Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) and Hymenoptera (Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Ichneumonidae, Platygastridae, Signiphoridae). The richness and spatial records of arthropods were mostly concentrated between the city of Ovalle and the estuary of Punitaqui - the areas with most intense agricultural activity in the Limarí basin.

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Intraannual fog variability and its relationship with spatio-temporal gradients in northern Chilean Atacama Desert

10.5194/dkt-12-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Pastene ◽

Alexander Siegmund ◽

Camilo del Río ◽

Pablo Osses

Keyword(s):

Atacama Desert ◽

Arid Environment ◽

Test Bed ◽

Interconnected System ◽

Fog Water ◽

Stratocumulus Clouds ◽

Coastal Fog ◽

Spatial Differences ◽

First Results ◽

Spatio Temporal

The coastal regions of the Atacama Desert comprise some of the driest areas of the world, with average annual precipitation mostly less than 1 mm per year. It is in these environments where the ocean-atmosphere interconnected system determines the spatio-temporal dynamic of an advective coastal fog, providing moisture out stratocumulus clouds from the Pacific Ocean to an hyper-arid environment and allowing the development of fog ecosystems and high biodiversity along the Atacama coast. Studies about fog has been done in this region since the middle of the 20th century. However, there is a high quality knowledge gap about spatio-temporal fog dynamics on a local scale and its interaction of climate variables with topography. The study on fog climatology and its variability will be the basis for the analysis of complex biosphere-atmosphere interactions, in which the local ecosystems can act as bio-indicators for fog water availability and climate change. The study area is situated in the Chilean coastal desert of Atacama in the Tarapac&#225; region (20&#176; S), where a transect of seven climatological stations located between 518 m and 1,354 m altitude, from the coast to 10.7 km inland, records a high temporal (hourly/10-minutes) atmospheric data. The climate stations measurement it is based on Standard Fog Collectors (SFC) and a broad set of atmospherical variables that allows determine the relationship between the spatio-temporal variability of the fog and its driving parameters. First results show a significant local intraannual fog variability with marked spatial differences in fog water collected and its atmospherical parameters along longitudinal and altitudinal gradient. The fog dynamic could provide a test bed for analyzing, assess and modeling biosphere-atmospheric interactions and relating them to meso-climate regimes.

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HBIM as Support of Preventive Conservation Actions in Heritage Architecture. Experience of the Renaissance Quadrant Façade of the Cathedral of Seville

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10072428 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 2428 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roque Angulo-Fornos ◽

Manuel Castellano-Román

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Digital Model ◽

Current Conservation ◽

Preventive Conservation ◽

Information Models ◽

Building Information ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

Data Tables ◽

The One ◽

Object Of Study

This paper discusses the generation of Historic Building Information Models (HBIM) for the management of heritage information aimed at the preventive conservation of assets of cultural interest, through its experimentation in a specific case study: the façade of the Renaissance quadrant of the Cathedral of Seville. Two methodological aspects are presented: On the one hand, the process of modeling the solid entities that compose the digital model of the object of study, based on the semi-automatic estimation of the generating surfaces of the main faces; on the other hand, a methodological proposal for the modeling of information on the surface of the model. A series of images and data tables are shown as a result of the application of these methods. These represent the process of introducing information related to the current conservation status documentation and recording the treatments included in the preventive conservation works recently developed by a specialized company. The implementation of the digital model in the exposed work validates it as a solvency option, provided from the infographic medium, when facing the need to contain, manage and visualize all the information generated in preventive conservation actions on heritage architecture, facilitating, in turn, cross-cutting relationships between the different analysis that result in a deeper knowledge of this type of building.

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