scholarly journals Independent Impact of Gynoid Fat Distribution and Free Testosterone on Circulating Levels of N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in Humans

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Chlabicz ◽  
Jacek Jamiołkowski ◽  
Marlena Paniczko ◽  
Paweł Sowa ◽  
Magda Łapińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Gynoid Fat

Background: Natriuretic peptides (NPs), including brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), are neurohormones involved in the regulation of water-sodium balance and the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. A higher concentration of NPs is observed in females, but the mechanism behind this difference has not been fully elucidated. Methods: Randomly chosen 255 volunteers from the general population were examined. Overall, 196 people without severe cardiovascular disease were included (mean age 48 years, 35.7% male). A comprehensive assessment was performed, including anthropometric measurements, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), total testosterone (TT) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentration, transthoracic echocardiography (ECHO), and body composition analysis by direct dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The univariate analysis adjusted by the known affecting factors determined which measurements were independently associated with NT-proBNP concentration. Results: NT-proBNP concentration was positively associated with gynoid fat mass, gynoid/total fat (G/TF) mass index, SHBG and negatively with android/gynoid (A/G) fat mass index, TT and calculated free testosterone (CFT) concentrations. Furthermore, body composition parameters remained independently associated with NT-proBNP levels even after adjusting for CFT and SHBG. Conclusion: In the population without severe cardiovascular disease, the NT-proBNP concentration is independently associated with lower availability of testosterone and higher gynoid fat distribution, which may explain higher NPs levels in females.

scholarly journals Serum estradiol is associated with lean mass in elderly Swedish men

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbeth Vandenput ◽  
Dan Mellström ◽  
Magnus K Karlsson ◽  
Eric Orwoll ◽  
Fernand Labrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Central Fat ◽  
Free Serum

ObjectiveAssociation studies in men have shown that androgens are inversely related to fat measures, while the relation between sex steroids and lean mass remains unclear. We, therefore, investigated the associations between serum sex steroid levels and body composition in elderly men with a main focus on lean mass measures.Design and methodsA cross-sectional survey of a population-based cohort of 3014 elderly men, aged 69–80 years (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men study, Sweden). Serum levels of testosterone and estradiol (E2) were measured by mass spectrometry, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured by IRMA, and measures of body composition were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsTotal as well as free serum testosterone associated independently inversely (P<0.001), while total as well as free serum E2associated independently directly (P<0.001) with total body fat mass and trunk fat mass. Serum SHBG associated independently inversely with central fat distribution. Serum E2and free E2but not serum testosterone or free testosterone levels associated positively with lean mass (P<0.01). Elderly men within the lowest quartile of free E2had 0.5 kg less lean mass in the legs than subjects within the highest quartile, while the subjects in the different quartiles of free testosterone did not differ in lean mass.ConclusionsSerum E2, but not serum testosterone, is directly associated with lean mass in this large study of elderly Swedish men. In addition, serum SHBG is associated with central fat distribution and we confirmed that serum testosterone is inversely associated with fat mass.

Effects of Physiological Increments in Human α-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Normal Male Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Y. Cheung ◽  
J. E. C. Dickerson ◽  
M. J. Ashby ◽  
M. J. Brown ◽  
J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Brain natriuretic peptide, closely related to atrial natriuretic peptide in structure, may be an important circulating hormone. Its physiological role is unclear. First, we studied the effects of incremental infusions of brain natriuretic peptide in six healthy men on plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels and the pharmacokinetics of brain natriuretic peptide. Synthetic human brain natriuretic peptide-32 was infused intravenously, at an initial rate of 0.4 pmol min−1 kg−1, doubling every 15 min until the dose rate reached 6.4 pmol min−1 kg−1, at which rate the infusion was maintained for 30 min. 2. The brain natriuretic peptide infusion raised the brain natriuretic peptide-like immunoreactivity from 1.4 ± 0.5 pmol/l to 21.4 ± 7.6 pmol/l. Brain natriuretic peptide-like immunoreactivity after the end of infusion was consistent with a bi-exponential decay, with half-lives of 2.1 min and 37 min. 3. Next, we studied the effects of low-dose infusion of brain natriuretic peptide to mimic physiological increments in the circulating levels in comparison with atrial natriuretic peptide. Six dehydrated male subjects received intravenous infusions of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide, separately and in combination, in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-part cross-over design. Atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide were given at the rate of 0.75 and 0.4 pmol min−1 kg−1, respectively, for 3 h. The control infusion consisted of the vehicle. 4. Analysis of variance showed that atrial natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide plus brain natriuretic peptide, but not brain natriuretic peptide alone, increased urinary flow and decreased urinary osmolality significantly. However, urinary sodium excretion was significantly increased by atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide plus brain natriuretic peptide. 5. None of the four infusates significantly altered the blood pressure, heart rate or glomerular filtration rate. 6. This study showed, for the first time, that physiological increments in brain natriuretic peptide, like those in atrial natriuretic peptide, are natriuretic. Although atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide do not appear to interact synergistically, they are likely to act in concert in the physiological regulation of sodium balance.

scholarly journals Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring body composition in adulthood: Results from two birth cohort studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e023852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elma Izze da Silva Magalhães ◽  
Natália Peixoto Lima ◽  
Ana Maria Baptista Menezes ◽  
Helen Gonçalves ◽  
Fernando C Wehrmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Fat Mass Index ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Gynoid Fat ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with offspring body composition in adulthood and explore the causality of this association.DesignBirth cohort.SettingPopulation-based study in Pelotas, Brazil.ParticipantsAll newborn infants in the city’s hospitals were enrolled in 1982 and 1993. At a mean age of 30.2 and 22.6 years, the 1982 and 1993 cohorts, respectively, followed the subjects and 7222 subjects were evaluated.Primary outcome measuresBody mass index (BMI), fat mass index, android to gynoid fat ratio, waist circumference, waist to height ratio, lean mass index and height.ResultsPrevalence of maternal smoking during pregnancy was 35.1% and 32.6%, in 1982 and 1993 cohorts, respectively. Offspring of smoking mothers showed higher mean BMI (β: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.12 kg/m2), fat mass index (β: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.64 kg/m2), android to gynoid fat ratio (β: 0.016; 95% CI: 0.010 to 0.023), waist circumference (β: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.33 cm), waist to height ratio (β: 0.013; 95% CI: 0.010 to 0.017) and lean mass index (β: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.42 kg/m2), whereas height was lower (β: −0.95; −1.26 to −0.65). Weight gain in the first 2 years captured most of the association of maternal smoking with BMI (96.2%), waist circumference (86.1%) and fat mass index (71.7%).ConclusionsMaternal smoking in pregnancy was associated with offspring body composition measures in adulthood.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Women after Radical Mastectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8991
Author(s):  
Jacek Wilczyński ◽  
Piotr Sobolewski ◽  
Rafał Zieliński ◽  
Magdalena Kabała
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The aim of the study was to analyse the body composition among women after radical mastectomy. The body compositions of 30 women after radical mastectomy (study group) were compared with those of 30 healthy females (control group). The method of electrical bioimpedance was used to analyse body composition. The significant differences between the groups, unfavourable for women, following mastectomy concerned body mass (p = 0.021), BMI (p = 0.049), fat mass (%) (p = 0.007), fat mass (kg) (p = 0.005), total body water (%) (p = 0.002), left upper limb fat mass (p = 0.013) as well as right upper limb fat mass (p = 0.022). The body composition of women after radical mastectomy was significantly worse compared to the control group. The majority of subjects were overweight and had high levels of body fat. Abnormal body composition is a modifiable risk factor of breast cancer; therefore, improving lifestyle is important in the prevention and treatment of this disease. There is a need for education, dietary supervision and physical activity in women following radical mastectomy. The innovation of our study was the use of the modern bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method, which does not cause ionisation and is a gold standard in the field of body composition analysis. In future research, we plan to broaden the assessment of lifestyle and the significance of diet and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Serum levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D in adults with obesity sarcopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nikolova ◽  
Alexander Penkov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

AbstractIntroduction:Obesity has been linked with vitamin D deficiency in a number of cross-sectional studies, reviews and meta-analyses. To assess the correlations of plasma 25(OH) vitamin D levels with indices of body composition examined by DXA with an emphasis on lean and bone mass as well as on indices such as android/gynoid fat, appendicular lean mass (ALM) and appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), fat-mass indexes (FMI), fat-free mass indexes (FFMI) and the ALM-to-BMI index.Materials and Methods:62 adult subjects consented to participate – 27 men (43.5 %) and 35 women (56.5 %). Their mean age was 45.3 ± 9.5 years. Fan-beam dual-energy X-ray (DXA) body composition analysis was performed on a Lunar Prodigy Pro bone densitometer with software version 12.30. Vitamin D was measured by electro-hemi-luminescent detection as 25(OH)D Total (ECLIA, Elecsys 2010 analyzer, Roche Diagnostics). Statistical analyses were done using the SPSS 23.0 statistical package.Results:The serum 25(OH)D level was correlated significantly only to the whole body bone mineral content, the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) and the ALM-to-BMI index, underlining a predominant role for lean and fat-free mass. Vitamin D showed a very weak correlation to % Body Fat and the Fat Mass Index (FMI) in men only. Moreover, the multiple regression equation including the associated parameters could explain only 7 % of the variation in the serum 25(OH)D levels.Discussion:Our conclusion was, that there are differences in the associations of the vitamin D levels with the different body composition indices, but these associations are generally very weak and therefore – negligible.

scholarly journals Diagnosing cardiovascular disease in western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) with brain natriuretic peptide

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0214101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Murray ◽  
Jennifer C. Kishbaugh ◽  
Lee-Ann C. Hayek ◽  
Ilana Kutinsky ◽  
Patricia M. Dennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Gorilla Gorilla ◽  
Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla ◽  
Western Lowland Gorillas ◽  
Lowland Gorillas

Elevated Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, Troponin T and Malnutrition Inflammatory Score in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients with Overt Cardiovascular Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. c198-c205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernán Trimarchi ◽  
Alexis Muryan ◽  
Vicente Campolo-Girard ◽  
Mariana Dicugno ◽  
Nanci Barucca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Inflammatory Score

Relation of Smoking Status to Serum Levels of N-Terminal Pro–Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Middle-Aged Men Without Overt Cardiovascular Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 1456-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Otsuka ◽  
Tomoyuki Kawada ◽  
Yoshihiko Seino ◽  
Chikao Ibuki ◽  
Masao Katsumata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Body composition analysis in female ballet dancers

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Mihajlovic ◽  
Sasa Mijatov ◽  
Biljana Srdic ◽  
Edita Stokic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Ballet Dancers

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the nutritional status and body composition in female ballet dancers and a group of non-athletic female controls. Materials and methods The study group consisted of 30 female ballet dancers, aged 17.4?2.01, whereas the control group included 30 non-athletic female examinees, aged 18.00 years on average. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated in all subjects. Body composition was estimated using the bioelectrical impedance method. Results Body composition analysis of ballet dancers revealed significantly lower values of body fat mass compared to the control group (18.85?4.50% vs. 23.41?4.34). Most examinees in both groups were of normal weight. 50% of ballet dancers and 23.33% of examinees in the control group were underweight, while overweight subjects were registered only in the control group. Most underweight ballet dancers had lower body fat mass, whereas majority of underweight examinees in the control group presented with normal body fat mass. Normal-weight obesity was established in 40.91% candidates in the control and 6.67% in the study group. Conclusion Ballet dancers had significantly lower values of body mass and BMI, compared to the study group. In order to prevent very serious complications caused by changes in size and proportion of some body compartments, it is necessary to carry out assessment of body composition more often in high-risk groups, such as the study group of ballet dancers.

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