scholarly journals How Effective Is Auditory–Verbal Therapy (AVT) for Building Language Development of Children with Cochlear Implants? A Systematic Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Paris Binos ◽  
Elina Nirgianaki ◽  
George Psillas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Auditory Verbal Therapy

This systematic review sheds light on the effectiveness of auditory–verbal therapy (AVT) outcomes in children with cochlear implants (CIs). The presented outcome is based on research findings from the last 10 years. The systematic review was designed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Critical Appraisal of Treatment Evidence (CATE) checklist. Specific keywords were chosen based on the research question and searched on the PubMed database. All searched papers were analysed based on specific exclusion criteria and classified into four evidence levels. The results revealed that children who participated in AV therapy can achieve linguistic skills at the same level as their hearing peers. Voice quality seemed positively affected, placing young children with CIs in the normal range for receptive vocabulary development. In contrast, reading skills seemed less benefited. AV therapy seems to contribute to integration into mainstream society. Despite the recorded speech and language improvements of young children with CIs, the aim of AV therapy is still not fulfilled. AV therapy can be seen as the best clinical practice for young children with CIs till now, but the lack of well-controlled studies is undermining.

Impact of Malaria in Pregnancy on Risk of Malaria in Young Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangshin Park ◽  
Christina E. Nixon ◽  
Olivia Miller ◽  
Nam-Kyong Choi ◽  
Jonathan D. Kurtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
In Pregnancy

How to Write a Systematic Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debajyoti Pati ◽  
Lesa N. Lorusso
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Collaboration

This article provides a step-by-step approach to conducting and reporting systematic literature reviews (SLRs) in the domain of healthcare design and discusses some of the key quality issues associated with SLRs. SLR, as the name implies, is a systematic way of collecting, critically evaluating, integrating, and presenting findings from across multiple research studies on a research question or topic of interest. SLR provides a way to assess the quality level and magnitude of existing evidence on a question or topic of interest. It offers a broader and more accurate level of understanding than a traditional literature review. A systematic review adheres to standardized methodologies/guidelines in systematic searching, filtering, reviewing, critiquing, interpreting, synthesizing, and reporting of findings from multiple publications on a topic/domain of interest. The Cochrane Collaboration is the most well-known and widely respected global organization producing SLRs within the healthcare field and a standard to follow for any researcher seeking to write a transparent and methodologically sound SLR. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), like the Cochrane Collaboration, was created by an international network of health-based collaborators and provides the framework for SLR to ensure methodological rigor and quality. The PRISMA statement is an evidence-based guide consisting of a checklist and flowchart intended to be used as tools for authors seeking to write SLR and meta-analyses.

scholarly journals Vasculitis induced by biological agents used in rheumatology practice: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila da Silva Cendon Duran ◽  
Adriane Souza da Paz ◽  
Mittermayer Barreto Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Infusion Reaction ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives: Biological medications have been used with an increasing frequency to treat rheumatological diseases. Autoimmune events can be induced by these drugs, such as psoriasiform lesions, alopecia, lupus and, vasculitis, which more often affects the skin (small-sized vessels) and eventually other organs. In this review, we describe the clinical profile of patients with vasculitis induced by the main biological agents used in rheumatology. Patients and methods: We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The PubMed database was used for searching eligible articles. We included case reports, case series, and letter to the editor of patients on anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-a) molecules, as well as tocilizumab, ustekinumab, secukinumab, rituximab, and abatacept, who had vasculitis induced by these agents. Results: Eighty-one articles were included for final analysis (n=89). Twenty-seven patients were using infliximab, 20 adalimumab, 18 etanercept, seven secukinumab, four certolizumab, four rituximab, three golimumab, three ustekinumab, two abatacept, and one tocilizumab. Unspecific leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) was the most common type of vasculitis (n=37), followed by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)- associated vasculitis (n=16). The medication was replaced with another biological molecule in 23 cases, with only four relapses. In six cases, the biological was maintained, but vasculitis worsened/persisted in one case, being necessary drug removal. Conclusion: Infections, infusion reaction, cancer, and autoimmune events are well-known side effects of biological therapy. This review demonstrates that vasculitis is another adverse effect of this type of therapy, particularly the anti-TNF-a molecules, and LCV the most reported type of vasculitis.

scholarly journals Updated systematic review: ossifying fibromas of the nose and paranasal sinuses

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isra A. Al-Jazeeri ◽  
Ali A. Al-Momen ◽  
Hassan A. Al-Jazeeri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Bony Tissue ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Nose And Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Meta Analyses

<p class="p1">Ossifying fibroma is one of the benign fibro-osseous lesions (BFOL), which is a relatively rare group of diseases of the bone with diverse pathologies and involving different parts of the body and mostly craniofacial bones. BFOLs share a common histopathologic feature of replacing the normal bony tissue structure with a distorted fibrous and mal-arranged bony structure. Although, ossifying fibroma is pathologically benign, but it’s presentation can vary from an incidental radiologic finding to a devastating facial mass with cosmetic and functional disabilities. And the management is according to the site involved and the symptomatology.<strong> </strong>The purpose of this systematic review is to collect the available recent data regarding ossifying fibromas involving nose and paranasal sinuses, to have a better understanding of the disease, and its management. This review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and PRISMA checklist. The U.S. National Library of Medicine (Pubmed) database was searched. Abstracts were screened by two authors and the ones that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Additional articles were retrieved from the citations in the previously found articles. A total of 156 distinct cases were found. Demographic data, clinical presentation, radiological and pathological findings and the management approaches were reviewed.<strong> </strong>Review of the recent data highlighted new diagnostic, imaging and management strategies that should be considers in the approach to patients with ossifying fibroma.</p>

scholarly journals Reproducibility and Validity of A Posteriori Dietary Patterns: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Edefonti ◽  
Roberta De Vito ◽  
Michela Dalmartello ◽  
Linia Patel ◽  
Andrea Salvatori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Research Question ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Statistical Solutions

ABSTRACT The effective use of dietary patterns (DPs) remains limited. There is a need to assess their consistency over multiple administrations of the same dietary source, different dietary sources, or across different studies. Similarly, their generalizability should be based on a previous assessment of DP construct validity. However, to date, no systematic reviews of reproducibility and validity of a posteriori DPs have been carried out. In addition, several methodological questions related to their identification are still open and prevent a fair comparison of epidemiological results on DPs and disease. A systematic review of the literature on the PubMed database was conducted. We identified 218 articles, 64 of which met the inclusion criteria. Of these, the 38 articles dealing with reproducibility and relative and construct validity of DPs were included. These articles (published in 1999–2017, 53% from 2010 onwards) were based on observational studies conducted worldwide. The 14 articles that assessed DP reproducibility across different statistical solutions examined different research questions. Included were: the number of food groups or subjects; input variable format (as well as adjustment for energy intake); algorithms and the number of DPs to retain in cluster analysis; rotation method; and score calculation in factor analysis. However, we identified at most 3 articles per research question on DP reproducibility across statistical solutions. From another 15 articles, reproducibility of DPs over shorter (≤1 y) time periods was generally good and higher than DP relative validity (as measured across different dietary sources). Confirmatory factor analysis was used in 15 of the included articles. It provided reassuring results in identifying valid dietary constructs characterizing the populations under consideration. Based on the available evidence, only suggestive conclusions can be derived on reproducibility across different statistical solutions. Nevertheless, most identified DPs showed good reproducibility, fair relative validity, and good construct validity.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Collective Evidences Investigating the Effect of Diabetes Monitoring Systems and Their Application in Health Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kamusheva ◽  
Konstantin Tachkov ◽  
Maria Dimitrova ◽  
Zornitsa Mitkova ◽  
Gema García-Sáez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Regular Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Diabetes Monitoring

IntroductionDiabetes monitoring systems (DMS) are a possible approach for regular control of glucose levels in patients with Type 1 or 2 diabetes in order to improve therapeutic outcomes or to identify and modify inappropriate patient behaviors in a timely manner. Despite the significant number of studies observing the DMS, no collective evidence is available about the effect of all devices.GoalTo review and consolidate evidences from multiple systematic reviews on the diabetes monitoring systems and the outcomes achieved.Materials and methodsInternet-based search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane was performed to identify all studies relevant to the research question. The data regarding type of intervention, type of diabetes mellitus, type of study, change in clinical parameter(s), or another relevant outcome were extracted and summarized.ResultsThirty-three out of 1,495 initially identified studies, involving more than 44,100 patients with Type 1, Type 2, or gestational diabetes for real-time or retrospective Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGMS), Sensor Augmented Pump Therapy (SAPT), Self-monitoring Blood Glucose (SMBG), Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM), Closed-loop systems and telemonitoring, were included. Most of the studies observed small nominal effectiveness of DMS. In total 11 systematic reviews and 15 meta-analyses, with most focusing on patients with Type 1 diabetes (10 and 6, respectively), reported a reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels from 0.17 to 0.70% after use of DMS.ConclusionCurrent systematic review of already published systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggests that no statistically significant difference exists between the values of HbA1c as a result of application of any type of DMS. The changes in HbA1c values, number and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes, and time in glucose range are the most valuable for assessing the appropriateness and effectiveness of DMS. Future more comprehensive studies assessing the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and comparative effectiveness of DMS are needed to stratify them for the most suitable diabetes patients’ subgroups.

What are the implications of standards to ensure safe use of dermatological health apps? (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae Im ◽  
Edward Meinert
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Apps ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Mobile Medical Apps

BACKGROUND Dermatological health applications can address a range of pathologies from melanoma to eczema and have the potential to significantly impact the health of the user. This paper details a systematic review of standards addressing dermatological health apps and their implication on the safe use of such apps. OBJECTIVE To survey the literature to ascertain the state of evidence to address this review’s primary research question: “What are the implications of standards to ensure safe use of dermatological health apps?” METHODS Six databases were systematically searched for records relevant to the questions using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) checklist was used to analyse records when applicable, and when not a standardised checklist was used. Database searches identified 2193 records, of which 67 records were ultimately included for analysis. RESULTS A total of 67 records were identified, and these could be organised into 6 themes. These 6 themes included studies investigating the accuracy of apps, general standards, articles, reviews of current dermatological apps, recommendations and reviews of mobile medical apps and standards. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review showed that there is a large variance in the quality of dermatological apps available to the public and the standards and guidelines currently in place are insufficient in eliminating all inaccuracies. Standards and guidelines surrounding the algorithms often used in dermatological apps as well as guidance on effective use of existing apps could potentially allow for more effective dermatological health apps. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022969

Voice, Articulation, and Prosody Contribute to Listener Perceptions of Speaker Gender: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeptain Leung ◽  
Jennifer Oates ◽  
Siew Pang Chan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Gender Perception ◽  
Meta Analyses

PurposeThe aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of the aspects of verbal communication contributing to listener perceptions of speaker gender with a view to providing clinicians with guidance for the selection of the training goals when working with transsexual individuals.MethodPreferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines were adopted in this systematic review. Studies evaluating the contribution of aspects of verbal communication to listener perceptions of speaker gender were rated against a new risk of bias assessment tool. Relevant data were extracted, and narrative synthesis was then conducted. Meta-analyses were conducted when appropriate data were available.ResultsThirty-eight articles met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed speaking fundamental frequency contributing to 41.6% of the variance in gender perception. Auditory-perceptual and acoustic measures of pitch, resonance, loudness, articulation, and intonation were found to be associated with listeners' perceptions of speaker gender. Tempo and stress were not significantly associated. Mixed findings were found as to the contribution of a breathy voice quality to gender perception. Nonetheless, there exists significant risk of bias in this body of research.ConclusionsSpeech and language clinicians working with transsexual individuals may use the results of this review for goal setting. Further research is required to redress the significant risk of bias.

scholarly journals Auditory Verbal Therapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Jaspal Chowdhry
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Auditory Verbal Therapy ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Hearing impairment leaves a wide ranging impact on young children and their parents. Early identification and intervention is crucial to a child's development of speech and language. Today, with advanced technology development, we can work from a developmental prospective rather than remedial and corrective. This approach is called auditory verbal therapy (AVT). The aim of this approach is to develop spoken language. So that children can become independent, participating and contributing citizens of mainstream society. Parents play a significance role in individualized auditory verbal therapy as parents and family members are the best people to develop spoken language in the natural listening environment at home. Auditory verbal therapy is an applied science. Objectively measured goals in the areas of audition, speech, language and cognition are set and achieved in individualized sessions with parents as partners in therapy.

scholarly journals The Biomechanics of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Conder ◽  
Reza Zamani ◽  
Mohammad Akrami
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Meta Analyses

During pregnancy, a number of biomechanical and hormonal changes occur that can alter spinal curvature, balance, and gait patterns by affecting key areas of the human body. This can greatly impact quality of life (QOL) by increasing back pain and the risk of falls. These effects are likely to be the ultimate result of a number of hormonal and biomechanical changes that occur during pregnancy. Research Question and Methodology: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this systematic review sets out to analyse all available literature relating to the biomechanics factors caused by pregnancy and assess how this might reduce QOL. Fifty papers were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review based on the PUBMED and SCOPUS databases. Results: Angles of lordosis and kyphosis of the spine are significantly increased by pregnancy, but not consistently across all studies. Back pain is significantly increased in pregnant women, although this is not significantly correlated with spinal changes. Increased movements of centre of pressure (COP) and increased stability indexes indicate postural control is reduced in pregnancy. Trunk range of motion, hip flexion, and extension are reduced, as well as decreased stride length, decreased gait velocity, and increased step width; again, not consistently. It is likely that each woman adopts unique techniques to minimise the effects, for example increasing step width to improve balance. Further research should focus on how altered limb kinematics during gait might affect QOL by influencing the human body, as well as assessing parameters in all planes to develop a wider understanding of pregnant biomechanical alterations.

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