scholarly journals Metabolic Constellations, Clusters, and Renal Function: Findings from the 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Adair ◽  
Kelly R. Ylitalo ◽  
Jeffrey S. Forsse ◽  
LesLee K. Funderburk ◽  
Rodney G. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Relationship

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with decreased renal function and chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, no research regarding the sixteen possible constellations resulting in the diagnosis of MetS has been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to report renal function in sixteen metabolic constellations grouped into four metabolic clusters. Individuals (n = 2767; representing 86,652,073 individuals) from the 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys who met the criteria for MetS were included. Sixteen possible constellations of three or more risk factors were analyzed for renal function. Four metabolic clusters representing MetS with hyperglycemia (Cluster I), MetS with hypertension (Cluster II), MetS with hyperglycemia and hypertension (Cluster III), or MetS with normoglycemia and normotension (Cluster IV) were assessed for renal function and CKD status. Cluster III had the highest odds of CKD (OR = 2.57, 95% CL = 1.79, 3.68). Clusters II and III had the lowest renal function and were not different from one another (87.82 and 87.28 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.71). The constellation with the lowest renal function consisted of hypertension, high triglycerides, and a large waist circumference (82.86 mL/min/1.73 m2), whereas the constellation with the highest renal function consisted of hyperglycemia, low HDL, and a large waist circumference (107.46 mL/min/1.73 m2). The sixteen constellations of MetS do not have the same effects on renal function. More research is needed to understand the relationship between the various iterations of MetS and renal function.

Estimated renal function and cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular mortality in community population: results from the national health and nutrition examination surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieleng Huang ◽  
Xuebiao Wei ◽  
Mei Jiang ◽  
Zedazhong Su ◽  
Zhiwen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Community Population

Abstract Background Renal insufficiency is an important risk factor for mortality in various populations. The present study was conducted to determine the optimal equation for the estimation of renal function in predicting adverse events in community population in US. Methods We examined the Cockcroft–Gault, modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), Mayo Healthy-Chronic Kidney Disease (Mayo), and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) derived estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) and the association with cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular mortality among 25,677 participants of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2014. Results The cardiovascular mortality and non-cardiovascular mortality increased with decrease in renal function. The MDRD derived eGFR exhibited the lowest predictive ability for all-cause mortality in all participants. For cardiovascular mortality, the Cockcroft–Gault derived eGFR exhibited the highest predictive power compared with the MDRD (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.842 vs. 0.764, p < 0.001), Mayo (AUC: 0.842 vs. 0.812, p < 0.001) and CKD-EPI (AUC: 0.842 vs. 0.813, p < 0.001) derived eGFR. For non-cardiovascular mortality, the Cockcroft–Gault derived eGFR exhibited similar superiority in non-cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions The value of the Cockcroft–Gault equation was superior to the other three equations for the prediction of cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular mortality in community population. This equation can serve as a risk-stratification tool for long-term events in community population.

Abstract P114: Metabolic Syndrome is Associated with Abnormal Ankle Brachial Index: Estimates From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2004)

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Singh ◽  
Courtney Pilkerton ◽  
Stephanie Frisbee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and low ankle-brachial index (ABI) share interrelated cardiovascular risk factors and are thus both strong indicators of an atherosclerotic process. However, few clinicians consider metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for abnormally low ABI and subsequent peripheral arterial disease. Therefore, it is necessary to highlight the relationship between abnormal ABI and MetS and the role of cardiovascular risk factors on this relationship. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that persons with MetS compared to those without, are more likely to experience abnormally low ABI even after accounting for additional cardiovascular risk factors not defined in the MetS. Methods: The eligible population consisted of 7,458 men and women aged 40 years and older, with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) participating in The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2004. Subjects were evaluated, according to the American Heart Association definitions, for abnormally low ABI < 1.0 (which included borderline low and low ABI) and metabolic syndrome with ≥ 3 of the following 5 components; central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, hyperglycemia and hypertension. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to identify relationships between abnormal ABI and MetS, with adjustments for additional cardiovascular risk factors in multivariate models. Results: Participants with metabolic syndrome, as compared to those without, were 1.51 (95% CI, 1.01-2.26) times more likely to experience abnormally lower values of ABI after adjusting for gender, race, education, smoking and CRP. The relationship between abnormal ABI and MetS was modified by age (p value 0.01) but not by gender (p value 0.10) or race (p value 0.09). Additionally, odds of a lower ABI was highest for those with 4-5 components of MetS compared to those with 0-2 components (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.44 to 3.43). Examining individual MetS components in fully adjusted models revealed that hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.46) and low HDL cholesterol (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.87) were associated with higher odds of abnormal ABI. Conclusions: In conclusion, the presence of MetS in adults with and without CVD was associated with abnormally low ABI, even after accounting for additional cardiovascular risk factors not defined by the MetS. This study suggests that timely clinician awareness of abnormally low ABI in persons with at least three MetS components, hypertriglyceridemia or low HDL cholesterol, may be useful in preventing the debilitating effects of peripheral artery disease.

scholarly journals Impact of dining out on nutritional intake and metabolic syndrome risk factors: data from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chorong Oh ◽  
Hak-Seon Kim ◽  
Jae-Kyung No
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
National Health ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Using Data

The frequency of dining out has rapidly increased; however, the independent associations between dining out, metabolic syndrome risk factors and nutritional status have not been well characterised. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between dining out, nutritional intakes and metabolic syndrome risk factors among Korean adults, using data from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Frequency of dining out was significantly associated with intake of nutrients such as energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, Ca, Na, vitamin A and carotene. Especially, the result revealed that Korean adults had insufficient Ca intake compared with the Korean reference intake (700 mg). As the frequency of dining out increased, so did energy intake. In addition, individuals who dined out seven or more times per week experienced a 64 % higher likelihood of blood pressure abnormalities, an 88 % higher likelihood of waist circumference abnormalities, and a 32 % higher likelihood of low HDL-cholesterol levels than those who dined out less than once per week. BMI was not associated with the frequency of dining out. Our findings suggest that strategies to modify dining-out behaviour could reduce metabolic syndrome risk factors via improved nutrition.

scholarly journals Metabolic Health, Obesity, and Renal Function: 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Adair ◽  
Rodney G. Bowden ◽  
LesLee K. Funderburk ◽  
Jeffrey S. Forsse ◽  
Kelly R. Ylitalo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
National Health ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Rising rates of metabolic syndrome, obesity, and mortality from chronic kidney disease (CKD) have prompted further investigation into the association between metabolic phenotypes and CKD. Purpose: To report the frequency of strictly defined metabolic phenotypes, renal function within each phenotype, and individual risk factors associated with reduced renal function. We utilized the 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and complex survey sample weighting techniques to represent 220 million non-institutionalized U.S. civilians. Metabolic health was defined as having zero of the risk factors defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program with the exception of obesity, which was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 in non-Asians and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 in Asians. The metabolically healthy normal (MUN) phenotype comprised the highest proportion of the population (38.40%), whereas the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) was the smallest (5.59%). Compared to the MHN reference group, renal function was lowest in the strictly defined MUN (B = −9.60, p < 0.001) and highest in the MHO (B = 2.50, p > 0.05), and this persisted when an increased number of risk factors were used to define metabolic syndrome. Systolic blood pressure had the strongest correlation with overall eGFR (r = −0.25, p < 0.001), and individuals with low HDL had higher renal function compared to the overall sample. The MUN phenotype had the greatest association with poor renal function. While the MHO had higher renal function, this may be due to a transient state caused by renal hyperfiltration. Further research should be done to investigate the association between dyslipidemia and CKD.

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