scholarly journals Effects of 24 h Compression Interventions with Different Garments on Recovery Markers during Running

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Jean Carvalho ◽  
Marcos Roberto Kunzler ◽  
Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada ◽  
Inmaculada Aparicio ◽  
Pedro Pérez-Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Compression Garments ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Comfort Perception ◽  
Temperature Manipulation ◽  
Trained Runners

Compression and temperature manipulation are discussed as strategies to improve performance markers and recovery in sports. Here, we investigate the effects of compression stockings made with fabric, either combined or not with heating and cooling substances, on variables related to running performance and recovery. Ten trained runners (mean ± standard deviation age 45 ± 9 years old, body mass 69 ± 7 kg, height 166 ± 4 cm) with no experience of using compression garments performed an intense running session of 10 km, then wore a stocking for 24 h (randomized; without compression, compression, compression with camphor, and compression with menthol), and were evaluated on the following day, after running 5 km. The different types of compression stockings used 24 h before exercise did not affect running kinematics (p > 0.14), skin temperature (p > 0.05), heart rate (p > 0.12; mean value of maximal heart rate 156 bpm), comfort perception (p = 0.13; mean value of 7/10 points), or perception of recovery (p = 0.13; mean value of 7/10 points). In general, there were no effects of 24 h pre-exercise lower leg compression, including those treated with menthol and camphor applications on running kinematics, skin temperature, heart rate, or recovery perception in athletes undertaking consecutive running exercises.

Assessment of Autonomic Responses to Different Driving and Road Conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (37) ◽  
pp. 679-679
Author(s):  
Byung-Chan Min ◽  
Soon-Cheol Chung ◽  
Sang-Gyun Kim ◽  
Byung-Woon Min ◽  
Chul-Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Autonomic Responses ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Curved Road

The purpose of this study was to compare changes in autonomic responses due to different driving and road conditions. We measured physiological responses of the 10 health subjects such as Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and skin temperature in rest and stimulation conditions. The ratio of LF/HF significantly increased and averaged R-R interval decreased on the abrupt stopping and starting and abruptly curved road conditions, compared to other conditions. Mean value of GSR increased and mean value of skin temperature decreased in the abrupt stopping and starting and abruptly curved road conditions, compared to other conditions.

Validation of the Hexoskin wearable vest during lying, sitting, standing, and walking activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Villar ◽  
Thomas Beltrame ◽  
Richard L. Hughson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Exercise Condition ◽  
The Mean

We tested the validity of the Hexoskin wearable vest to monitor heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR), tidal volume (VT), minute ventilation, and hip motion intensity (HMI) in comparison with laboratory standard devices during lying, sitting, standing, and walking. Twenty healthy young volunteers participated in this study. First, participants walked 6 min on a treadmill at speeds of 1, 3, and 4.5 km/h followed by increasing treadmill grades until 80% of their predicted maximal heart rate. Second, lying, sitting, and standing tasks were performed (5 min each) followed by 6 min of treadmill walking at 80% of their ventilatory threshold. Analysis of each individual’s mean values under each resting or exercise condition by the 2 measurement systems revealed low coefficient of variation and high intraclass correlation values for HR, BR, and HMI. The Bland–Altman results from HR, BR, and HMI indicated no deviation of the mean value from zero and relatively small variability about the mean. VT and minute ventilation were provided in arbitrary units by the Hexoskin device; however, relative magnitude of change from Hexoskin closely tracked the laboratory standard method. Hexoskin presented low variability, good agreement, and consistency. The Hexoskin wearable vest was a valid and consistent tool to monitor activities typical of daily living such as different body positions (lying, sitting, and standing) and various walking speeds.

scholarly journals Contactless Video-Based Heart Rate Monitoring of a Resting and an Anesthetized Pig

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Meiqing Wang ◽  
Ali Youssef ◽  
Mona Larsen ◽  
Jean-Loup Rault ◽  
Daniel Berckmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Window Functions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Better Than

Heart rate (HR) is a vital bio-signal that is relatively easy to monitor with contact sensors and is related to a living organism’s state of health, stress and well-being. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm to extract HR (in beats per minute) of an anesthetized and a resting pig from raw video data as a first step towards continuous monitoring of health and welfare of pigs. Data were obtained from two experiments, wherein the pigs were video recorded whilst wearing an electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring system as gold standard (GS). In order to develop the algorithm, this study used a bandpass filter to remove noise. Then, a short-time Fourier transform (STFT) method was tested by evaluating different window sizes and window functions to accurately identify the HR. The resulting algorithm was first tested on videos of an anesthetized pig that maintained a relatively constant HR. The GS HR measurements for the anesthetized pig had a mean value of 71.76 bpm and standard deviation (SD) of 3.57 bpm. The developed algorithm had 2.33 bpm in mean absolute error (MAE), 3.09 bpm in root mean square error (RMSE) and 67% in HR estimation error below 3.5 bpm (PE3.5). The sensitivity of the algorithm was then tested on the video of a non-anaesthetized resting pig, as an animal in this state has more fluctuations in HR than an anaesthetized pig, while motion artefacts are still minimized due to resting. The GS HR measurements for the resting pig had a mean value of 161.43 bpm and SD of 10.11 bpm. The video-extracted HR showed a performance of 4.69 bpm in MAE, 6.43 bpm in RMSE and 57% in PE3.5. The results showed that HR monitoring using only the green channel of the video signal was better than using three color channels, which reduces computing complexity. By comparing different regions of interest (ROI), the region around the abdomen was found physiologically better than the face and front leg parts. In summary, the developed algorithm based on video data has potential to be used for contactless HR measurement and may be applied on resting pigs for real-time monitoring of their health and welfare status, which is of significant interest for veterinarians and farmers.

scholarly journals Exercise chronotropic incompetence phenotypes the level of cardiovascular risk and exercise gas exchange impairment in the general population. An analysis of the Euro-EX prevention trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Laforgia ◽  
Francesco Bandera ◽  
Eleonora Alfonzetti ◽  
Marco Guazzi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Reserve ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background Chronotropic insufficiency (CI) is defined as the inability of the heart to increase its rate commensurate with increased demand. Exercise CI is an established predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate how exercise CI phenotypes different levels of cardiovascular risk and how it may better perform in defining cardiovascular risk when analysed in the context of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)-derived measures and standard echocardiography in a healthy population with variable cardiovascular risk profile. Methods Apparently healthy individuals ( N = 702, 53.8% females) with at least one major cardiovascular risk factor (MCVRF; hypertension, diabetes, tabagism, dyslipidaemia, body mass index > 25), enrolled in the Euro-EX prevention trial, underwent CPET. CI was defined as the inability to reach 80% of the chronotropic index, that is, the ratio of peak heart rate – rest heart rate/peak heart rate – age predicted maximal heart rate (AMPHR: 220 – age), they were divided into four groups according to the heart rate reserve (<80%>) and respiratory gas exchange ratio (RER; < 1.05>) as a marker of achieved maximal performance. Subjects with a RER < 1.05 ( n = 103) were excluded and the final population ( n = 599) was divided into CI group ( n = 472) and no-CI group ( n = 177). Results Compared with no-CI, CI subjects were more frequently females with a history of hypertension in a high rate. CI subjects also exhibited a significantly lower peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and circulatory power and an echocardiographic pattern indicative of higher left atrial volume index and left ventricular mass index. An inverse stepwise relationship between heart rate reserve and number of MCVRFs was observed (one MCVRF: 0.71 ± 0.23; two MCVRFs: 0.68 ± 0.24, three MCVRFs: 0.64 ± 0.20; four MCVRFs: 0.64 ± 0.23; five MCVRFs: 0.57 ± 18; p < 0.01). In multivariate analysis the only variable found predicting CI was peak VO2 ( p < 0.05; odds ratio 0.91; confidence interval 0.85–0.97). Conclusions In a population of apparently healthy subjects, exercise CI is common and phenotypes the progressive level of cardiovascular risk by a tight relationship with MCVRFs. CI patients exhibit some peculiar abnormal exercise gas exchange patterns (lower peak VO2 and exercise oscillatory ventilation) and echo-derived measures (higher left atrium size and left ventricle mass) that may well anticipate evolution toward heart failure.

Effect of season on thermoregulatory responses and energy expenditure of goats on semi-arid range in India

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. SHINDE ◽  
RAGHAVENDRA BHATTA ◽  
S. K. SANKHYAN ◽  
D. L. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Semi Arid

A study of the physiological responses and energy expenditure of goats was carried out from June 1999 to May 2000 by conducting two experiments: one on bucks maintained on stall feeding in autumn 1999 (Expt 1) followed by year-round grazing on native ranges over three seasons: monsoon, winter and summer (Expt 2). Physiological responses and energy expenditure (EE) measurements of housed and grazing goats were recorded at 06.00 h and 14.00 h for 5 consecutive days in each season. Goats were fixed with a face mask and meteorological balloon for collection of expired air and measurement of EE. Respiration rate (RR) at 06.00 h was similar in all seasons (14 respiration/min) except in the monsoon, where a significantly (P<0.05) higher value (26 respiration/min) was recorded. At 14.00 h, RR was higher in monsoon and summer (81 and 91 respiration/min) than in winter (52 respiration/min). Irrespective of the season, heart rate (HR) was higher at 14.00 h (86 beat/min) than at 06.00 h (64 beat/min). The rise of rectal temperature (RT) from morning (06.00 h) to peak daily temperature (14.00 h) was 0.9 °C in housed goats in autumn and 1.0, 2.1 and 2.0 °C in grazing goats during monsoon, winter and summer, respectively. The mean value was 1.7 °C. Skin temperature (ST) was lowest in winter (30.1 °C) and highest at 14.00 h in summer (40.3 °C). Energy expenditure of goats at 06.00 h was 32.7 W in winter and significantly (P<0.05) increased to 52.0 W in summer and 107.8 W in monsoon. At 14.00 h, EE was 140.2 W in winter and increased to 389.0 W and 391.3 W respectively in monsoon and summer. It is concluded that monsoon and summer are both stressful seasons in semi-arid regions. Animals should be protected from direct solar radiation during the hottest hours of the day to ameliorate the effect of heat stress.

Cardiac output in muscular exercise at 5,800 m (19,000 ft)

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. C. E. Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Muscular Exercise ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Sea Level Pressure

Cardiac output during muscular exercise was estimated by the acetylene technique on four members of the Himalayan Scientific and Mountaineering expedition 1960–1961 at sea level and 5,800 m (19,000 ft). The output for a given work intensity at 5,800 m (19,000 ft) was comparable with the output at the same work intensity at sea level, but the maximum output was reduced, the mean value being 16 liters/min, compared with 23 liters/min at sea level. Heart rates during light and moderate exercise were higher than the rates observed at the same work intensity at sea level. The maximum heart rate during exercise was limited to 130–150 beats/min compared with 180–196 beats/min at sea level. The stroke volume at altitude was lower than at sea level at each work rate. On breathing oxygen at sea-level pressure, heart rate for a given work intensity was reduced; but the maximum heart rate increased. Indirect evidence suggested that maximum cardiac output increased but probably not to the sea-level values because of the increased hemoglobin and lower heart rate. altitude acclimatization; cardiac function, work and altitude; hypoxia and cardiac output Submitted on July 29, 1963

scholarly journals Effect of Beta-Blocker Therapy, Maximal Heart Rate, and Exercise Capacity During Stress Testing on Long-Term Survival (from The Henry Ford Exercise Testing Project)

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert K. Hung ◽  
Mouaz H. Al-Mallah ◽  
Seamus P. Whelton ◽  
Erin D. Michos ◽  
Roger S. Blumenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Henry Ford

Cardiovascular responses to head-stand posture

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanker Rao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Posterior Tibial Artery ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
Posterior Tibial

Reports of cardiovascular responses to head-stand posture are lacking in literature. The results of the various responses, respectively, to the supine, erect, and head-stand posture, are as follows: heart rate/min 67, 84, and 69; brachial arterial pressure mm Hg 92, 90, and 108; posterior tibial arterial pressure mm Hg 98, 196, and 10; finger blood flow ml/100 ml min 4.5, 4.4, and 5.2; toe blood flow ml/100 ml min 7.1, 8.1, and 3.4; forehead skin temperature C 34.4, 34.0 and 34.3; dorsum foot skin temperature C 28.6, 28.2, and 28.2. It is inferred that the high-pressure-capacity vessels between the heart level and posterior tibial artery have little nervous control. The high-pressure baroreceptors take active part in postural adjustments of circulation. The blood pressure equating mechanism is not as efficient when vital tissues are pooled with blood as when blood supply to them is reduced. man; heart rate; blood flow; skin temperature Submitted on January 3, 1963

Effects of temperature and wind on facial temperature, heart rate, and sensation

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LeBlanc ◽  
B. Blais ◽  
B. Barabe ◽  
J. Cote
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Reflex Bradycardia ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Cold Wind

Skin temperature measurements of the face have shown that the cheek cools faster than the nose and the nose faster than the forehead. The cooling effect of wind is maximum at wind speeds between 4.5 and 6.7 m/s. Cold winds produce significant bradycardia, which is, however, much more pronounced during the expiratory phase of respiration. A significant correlation was noted between cooling of face and the reflex bradycardia observed. Similarly, a very significant correlation was noted between drop in skin temperature and subjective evaluation of cold discomfort. Consequently, the drop in skin temperature, reflex bradycardia, and subjective evaluation are parameters which are directly affected by cold wind and can be used as adequate indicators of the degree of discomfort. When comparing the present results with the windchill index, it was found that in the zone described as “dangerously cold” the index fits well with the physiological measurements. In the zone described as “bitterly cold,” the index by comparison with actual skin temperature measurements and subjective evaluation underestimates the cooling effects of combined temperature and wind by approximately 10 degrees C.

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