Metabolomic Profiles of the Creeping Wood Sorrel Oxalis corniculata in Radioactively Contaminated Fields in Fukushima: Dose-Dependent Changes in Key Metabolites

The biological impacts of the Fukushima nuclear accident, in 2011, on wildlife have been studied in many organisms, including the pale grass blue butterfly and its host plant, the creeping wood sorrel Oxalis corniculata. Here, we performed an LC–MS-based metabolomic analysis on leaves of this plant collected in 2018 from radioactively contaminated and control localities in Fukushima, Miyagi, and Niigata prefectures, Japan. Using 7967 peaks detected by LC–MS analysis, clustering analyses showed that nine Fukushima samples and one Miyagi sample were clustered together, irrespective of radiation dose, while two Fukushima (Iitate) and two Niigata samples were not in this cluster. However, 93 peaks were significantly different (FDR < 0.05) among the three dose-dependent groups based on background, low, and high radiation dose rates. Among them, seven upregulated and 15 downregulated peaks had single annotations, and their peak intensity values were positively and negatively correlated with ground radiation dose rates, respectively. Upregulated peaks were annotated as kudinoside D (saponin), andrachcinidine (alkaloid), pyridoxal phosphate (stress-related activated vitamin B6), and four microbe-related bioactive compounds, including antibiotics. Additionally, two peaks were singularly annotated and significantly upregulated (K1R1H1; peptide) or downregulated (DHAP(10:0); decanoyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate) most at the low dose rates. Therefore, this plant likely responded to radioactive pollution in Fukushima by upregulating and downregulating key metabolites. Furthermore, plant-associated endophytic microbes may also have responded to pollution, suggesting their contributions to the stress response of the plant.

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Space radiation dose rates in the earth's atmosphere

10.2514/6.1965-511 ◽

1965 ◽

Author(s):

J. HAFFNER

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Space Radiation ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Earth’S Atmosphere ◽

Earth's Atmosphere

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Nuclear facilities. Instrumentation and control systems. Design, location and application criteria for installed area gamma radiation dose rate monitoring equipment for use during normal operation and anticipated operational occurrences

10.3403/30332962u ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Control Systems ◽

Systems Design ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Nuclear Facilities ◽

Monitoring Equipment ◽

Radiation Dose Rate ◽

Control Systems Design ◽

Gamma Radiation Dose ◽

And Control

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Radiation Awareness for Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in the Hybrid Operating Room: An Instant Operator Risk Chart for Daily Practice

Journal of Endovascular Therapy ◽

10.1177/15266028211007458 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152660282110074

Author(s):

Quirina M. B. de Ruiter ◽

Frans L. Moll ◽

Constantijn E. V. B. Hazenberg ◽

Joost A. van Herwaarden

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Dose Rate ◽

Effect Size ◽

Radiation Risk ◽

Dose Limit ◽

Access Site ◽

Femoral Access ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Rate Prediction ◽

Operator Dose

Introduction: While the operator radiation dose rates are correlated to patient radiation dose rates, discrepancies may exist in the effect size of each individual radiation dose predictors. An operator dose rate prediction model was developed, compared with the patient dose rate prediction model, and converted to an instant operator risk chart. Materials and Methods: The radiation dose rates (DRoperator for the operator and DRpatient for the patient) from 12,865 abdomen X-ray acquisitions were selected from 50 unique patients undergoing standard or complex endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in the hybrid operating room with a fixed C-arm. The radiation dose rates were analyzed using a log-linear multivariable mixed model (with the patient as the random effect) and incorporated varying (patient and C-arm) radiation dose predictors combined with the vascular access site. The operator dose rate models were used to predict the expected radiation exposure duration until an operator may be at risk to reach the 20 mSv year dose limit. The dose rate prediction models were translated into an instant operator radiation risk chart. Results: In the multivariate patient and operator fluoroscopy dose rate models, lower DRoperator than DRpatient effect size was found for radiation protocol (2.06 for patient vs 1.4 for operator changing from low to medium protocol) and C-arm angulation. Comparable effect sizes for both DRoperator and DRpatient were found for body mass index (1.25 for patient and 1.27 for the operator) and irradiated field. A higher effect size for the DRoperator than DRpatient was found for C-arm rotation (1.24 for the patient vs 1.69 for the operator) and exchanging from femoral access site to brachial access (1.05 for patient vs 2.5 for the operator). Operators may reach their yearly 20 mSv year dose limit after 941 minutes from the femoral access vs 358 minutes of digital subtraction angiography radiation from the brachial access. Conclusion: The operator dose rates were correlated to patient dose rate; however, C-arm angulation and changing from femoral to brachial vascular access site may disproportionally increase the operator radiation risk compared with the patient radiation risk. An instant risk chart may improve operator dose awareness during EVAR.

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Cytotoxic Effects of N,N-Diethyl-Meta-Toluamide (DEET) on Sinonasal Epithelia

OTO Open ◽

10.1177/2473974x211009232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 2473974X2110092

Author(s):

Jivianne T. Lee ◽

Saroj Basak

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Environmental Toxicants ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Airborne Pollutants ◽

Cell Monitoring ◽

History Of ◽

And Control ◽

Dose Dependent

Although the etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis remains unknown, environmental factors including airborne pollutants and toxicants are postulated to contribute to its pathogenesis. However, the precise pathomechanisms with which environmental toxicants may contribute to chronic rhinosinusitis are not fully understood. The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the cytotoxic effects of N,N-diethyl- meta-toluamide (DEET), a commonly used pesticide, on sinonasal epithelial cells (SNECs). Sinus mucosa was obtained from 3 subjects without a history of chronic rhinosinusitis. Cultured SNECs were exposed to various concentrations of DEET (0-5 mM) for 6 days. Cell viability, proliferation, and morphologic changes were assessed using the MTT colorimetric dye assay and the Incucyte Live Cell Monitoring System. Statistically significant dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and proliferation was observed between exposure and control groups ( P < .05) at all concentrations tested. Dose-dependent cellular morphological changes were also seen. These findings indicate that DEET exposure induces dose-dependent cytotoxicity in sinonasal epithelia.

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Effects of ethanol on gastric epithelial cell phospholipid dynamics and cellular function

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1987.252.2.g237 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 252 (2) ◽

pp. G237-G243

Author(s):

R. E. Bailey ◽

R. A. Levine ◽

J. Nandi ◽

E. H. Schwartzel ◽

D. H. Beach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Membrane Structure ◽

Lipid Membrane ◽

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Chloride Uptake ◽

Peak Intensity ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Resonance Band ◽

Dose Dependent

The lipid profile of isolated gastric superficial epithelial cells (SEC) was evaluated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The most conspicuous resonance band in SEC spectra was due to the protons of +N(CH3)3 groups of phosphatidylcholine and, to a lesser degree, other phospholipid derivatives, on the basis of their chemical shift and addition of purified phospholipids. NMR of cell lysates and phospholipid extracts of SEC in deutero-chloroform provided further spectral resolution of these components. Phospholipase or ethanol treatments of SEC produced membrane disorganization reflected as increased peak intensity of the phospholipid signals. In addition, ethanol, in a dose-dependent manner, attenuated paranitrophenyl phosphatase activity, which correlated with inhibition of total and ouabain-sensitive 86Rubidium chloride uptake by SEC. This study suggests that NMR used in conjunction with other biochemical techniques can monitor SEC membrane structure-function relationships. NMR is a potentially powerful noninvasive probe to show changes in lipid membrane organization induced by low concentrations of ethanol (1%) and may indicate an early sign of "cytotoxicity" in intact SEC.

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1948 ORGAN SPECIFIC RADIATION DOSE RATES AND EFFECTIVE DOSE DURING PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.2106 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 187 (4S) ◽

Author(s):

Michael Lipkin ◽

John Mancini ◽

Agnes Wang ◽

Greta Toncheva ◽

Colin Anderson-Evans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Organ Specific

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PO-0694: Radiation dose-dependent changes of the spleen following chemoradiotherapy for gastric cancer

Radiotherapy and Oncology ◽

10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40686-3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. S340-S341

Author(s):

A.K. Trip ◽

K. Sikorska ◽

H. Boot ◽

A. Cats ◽

J.W. Van Sandick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Radiation Dose ◽

Dose Dependent

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Study on Radiation Dose Calculation of PWR Spent Fuel Storage and Transportation

10.1115/icone28-64457 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wen Yang ◽

Xing Li ◽

Jinrong Qiu ◽

Lun Zhou

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Normal Condition ◽

Radiation Safety ◽

Spent Fuel ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Storage Pool ◽

Transport Container ◽

Photon Dose ◽

Spent Fuel Storage ◽

Fuel Storage

Abstract With the rapid development of nuclear energy, spent fuel will accumulate in large quantities. Spent fuel is generally cooled and placed in a storage pool, and then transported to a reprocessing plant at an appropriate time. Because spent fuel is content with a high level of radiation, spent fuel storage and transportation safety play important roles in the nuclear safety. Radiation dose safety are checked and validated using source analysis and Monte Carlo method to establish a radiation dose rate calculation model for PWR spent fuel storage pool and transport container. The calculation results show that the neutron and photon dose rates decrease exponentially with increase of water level under normal condition of storage pool. The attenuation multiples of neutron and photon dose rates are 4.64 and 1.59, respectively. According to radiation dose levels in different water height situations, spent fuel pool under loss of coolant accident can be divides into five workplaces. They are supervision zone, regular zone, intermittent zone, restricted zone and radiation zone. Under normal condition of transport container, the dose rates at the surface of the container and at a distance of 1 m from the surface are 0.1759 mSv/h and 0.0732 mSv/h, respectively. The dose rates decrease with the increasing radius of break accident, and dose rate at the surface of the transport container is 0.278 mSv/h when the break radius is 20 cm. Transport container conforms to the radiation safety standards of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This study can provide some reference for radiation safety analysis of spent fuel storage and transportation.

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