scholarly journals Towards Digital Twins of Multimodal Supply Chains

Logistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Anselm Busse ◽  
Benno Gerlach ◽  
Joel Cedric Lengeling ◽  
Peter Poschmann ◽  
Johannes Werner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
High Level Architecture ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
High Level ◽  
Initial Framework

Both modern multi- and intermodal supply chains pose a significant challenge to control and maintain while offering numerous optimization potential. Digital Twins have been proposed to improve supply chains. However, as of today, they are only used for certain parts of the entire supply chain. This paper presents an initial framework for a holistic Digital Supply Chain Twin (DSCT) capable of including an entire multimodal supply chain. Such a DSCT promises to enable several improvements all across the supply chain while also be capable of simulating and evaluate several different scenarios for the supply chain. Therefore, the DSCT will not only be able to optimize multi- and intermodal supply chains but also makes them potentially more robust by identifying possible issues early on. This paper discusses the major requirements that such a DSCT must fulfil to be useful and how several information technologies that matured in recent years or are about the mature are the key enablers to fulfil these requirements. Finally, a suggested high-level architecture for such a DSCT is presented as a first step towards the realization of a DSCT, as presented in this work

Distributed Trust Using Blockchain for Efficient Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

2019 ◽  
pp. 248-268
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Nageswar ◽  
Siva Yellampalli
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Business Excellence ◽  
Counterfeit Products ◽  
High Level ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

With traditional ERP systems, there is a lack of networking among suppliers, partners, and logistics providers. So, there is a need to have a holistic view of production and movement of goods from production to last mile delivery. The physical and digital supply chains need to be integrated to ensure secure supply chains that promote business excellence, collaboration among stakeholders, and reduce costs. The high-level view over their supply chains allows them to function better in a multi-channel world. It also helps them identify where to reduce stock without compromising customer service. Otherwise, it leads to a delay in delivery, counterfeit products, thefts, fraud, and cyberpiracy, which may lead to lawsuits and losing of brand image. The tacit function of supply chain management is to provide tracking of specific goods in the supply chain. So, it is imperative to leverage the blockchain technology stack to map multi-enterprise value networks and enable connected multi-modal networks.

Exploratory analysis on the relationship between strategy and structure/processes in supply chains

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikihisa Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategy And Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide some empirical evidence of the relationship between strategy and structure/processes in supply chains on the basis of the results of an exploratory analysis using survey data from Japanese manufacturers. Design/methodology/approach – This study explores the differences of structure/processes among the four supply chain strategies, that is, efficient, responsive, efficient/responsive, and traditional. Specifically, this study conducts a one-way analysis of variance of the structure/process variables by supply chain strategies. Findings – As the results of exploratory analysis including follow-up interviews with survey respondents, this study found many differences between traditional and efficient/responsive firms on process variables. With regard to structure variables, the existence of a supply chain management department, which is a variable of internal structure, in responsive and efficient/responsive firms is statistically more likely than in efficient firms. In addition, this study found significant differences between efficient and responsive firms, and traditional firms on some variables of external structure. Research limitations/implications – The results of this study explain why efficient/responsive firms can achieve high level of customer service and low operating cost, which is demonstrated by Qi et al. (2009). In addition, this study statistically ensures the validity of Stavrulaki and Davis’s (2010) proposition that firms with agile strategy tend to conduct opportunistic collaboration or have collaborative barriers with their suppliers because of their flexible supply base. Originality/value – This is the first empirical study that explores the relationship among management elements in supply chains including not only strategy but also structure and processes. Through this study, it is implied that the strategy-structure-processes-performance paradigm adopted in this study is useful for exploring the patterns of other management elements that fit in with supply chain strategies.

Distributed Trust Using Blockchain for Efficient Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

2021 ◽  
pp. 1129-1145
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Nageswar ◽  
Siva Yellampalli
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Business Excellence ◽  
Counterfeit Products ◽  
High Level ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

With traditional ERP systems, there is a lack of networking among suppliers, partners, and logistics providers. So, there is a need to have a holistic view of production and movement of goods from production to last mile delivery. The physical and digital supply chains need to be integrated to ensure secure supply chains that promote business excellence, collaboration among stakeholders, and reduce costs. The high-level view over their supply chains allows them to function better in a multi-channel world. It also helps them identify where to reduce stock without compromising customer service. Otherwise, it leads to a delay in delivery, counterfeit products, thefts, fraud, and cyberpiracy, which may lead to lawsuits and losing of brand image. The tacit function of supply chain management is to provide tracking of specific goods in the supply chain. So, it is imperative to leverage the blockchain technology stack to map multi-enterprise value networks and enable connected multi-modal networks.

Multi-criteria spherical fuzzy regret based evaluation of healthcare equipment stocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 5987-5997
Author(s):  
Sezi Cevik Onar ◽  
Cengiz Kahraman ◽  
Basar Oztaysi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Health Related ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multiple Scenarios

The catastrophes due to widespread outbreaks create a long-standing distraction and have an accelerating transmission. The uncontrolled outbreaks cause not only health-related problems but also supply chain related problems. The outbreak caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) shows how vulnerable the Healthcare systems and the supporting systems such as supply chains of the countries to such type of disasters. Keeping high levels of inventory, especially for healthcare products, can be beneficial to overcome such shortage problems. Nevertheless, keeping a high level of inventory can be costly, and the durability of the products creates a limit. The decision-makers have to carefully decide the inventory levels by considering many factors such as the criticality of the product and the easiness of producing the product. In this study, we try to develop a decision model for defining the inventory levels in Healthcare systems by considering multiple scenarios such as outbreaks. A novel spherical regret based multi-criteria decision-making approach is developed and used for evaluating the total regret of not keeping stock of the healthcare equipment.

scholarly journals Implementation of Cognitive Digital Twins in Connected and Agile Supply Networks—An Operational Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4103
Author(s):  
Kostas Kalaboukas ◽  
Joze Rožanec ◽  
Aljaž Košmerlj ◽  
Dimitris Kiritsis ◽  
George Arampatzis
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Supply Chain Agility ◽  
Digital Twins

Supply chain agility and resilience are key factors for the success of manufacturing companies in their attempt to respond to dynamic changes. The circular economy, the need for optimized material flows, ad-hoc responses and personalization are some of the trends that require supply chains to become “cognitive”, i.e., able to predict trends and flexible enough in dynamic environments, ensuring optimized operational performance. Digital twins (DTs) is a promising technology, and a lot of work is done on the factory level. In this paper, the concept of cognitive digital twins (CDTs) and how they can be deployed in connected and agile supply chains is elaborated. The need for CDTs in the supply chain as well as the main CDT enablers and how they can be deployed under an operational model in agile networks is described. More emphasis is given on the modelling, cognition and governance aspects as well as on how a supply chain can be configured as a network of connected CDTs. Finally, a deployment methodology of the developed model into an example of a circular supply chain is proposed.

scholarly journals Implementation of Cognitive Digital Twins in Connected and Agile Supply Networks – an Operational model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Kalaboukas ◽  
Jože Rožanec ◽  
Aljaž Košmerlj ◽  
Dimitrios Kyritsis ◽  
Georgios Arampatzis
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Supply Chain Agility ◽  
Digital Twins

Supply chain agility and resilience are key factors for the success of manufacturing companies in their attempt to respond to dynamic changes. Circular economy, the need for optimized material flows, ad-hoc responses and personalization are some of the trends that require supply chains to become “cognitive”, i.e. able to predict trends and flexible enough in dynamic environments, ensuring optimized operational performance. Digital Twins (DTs) is a promising technology, and a lot of work is done on the factory level. In this paper, the concept of Cognitive Digital Twins (CDTs) and how they can be deployed in connected and agile supply chains is elaborated. The need for CDTs in the supply chain as well as the main CDT enablers and how they can be deployed under an operational model in agile networks is described. Emphasis is given on the modelling, cognition and governance aspects as well as on how a supply chain can be configured as a network of connected CDTs. Finally, a deployment methodology of the developed model into an example of a circular supply chain is proposed.

scholarly journals KEY INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF SUPPLY CHAINS IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Barkova
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Information And Communication

The article considers key information and communication technologies used in the supply chains of the fashion industry. The author segmented these technologies into several groups, including selected programs that ensure effective communication between the company’s functional departments and supply chain links; software resources aimed at maintaining logistics operations, such as production, warehousing, cargo transportation; operational and strategic planning systems. The main purpose of the considered information technologies is to take into account the specific characteristics of the “fashion” business, such as a high range and a short product life cycle, the need to take into account the rapidly changing requirements of buyers of goods in the fashion industry, the geographical distribution of supply chain participants. The author performs a review of key software products and technologies that improve the efficiency of business process management in the supply chains of the fashion industry, including CAD and CAM systems, ERP systems on the example of SAP AFS, SAP Fashion Management and some other software resources and technologies.

scholarly journals Concept for a Supply Chain Digital Twin

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1498-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Yevgenievich Barykin ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Bochkarev ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Kalinina ◽  
Vladimir Konstantinovich Yadykin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
The Impact

There is currently a discussion going on in the scientific community about using digital twins and modeling to manage risks in the supply chains. This need for constructing digital twins is caused by the low reliability and stability of supply chains due to the faults in their operation. These faults are a result of risks in the supply chains which can be consolidated into two types. The first type is operational risks. These are the current risks of the supply chain itself caused by an uncer-tainty of supply and demand as well as by an obstructed flow of information along the supply chain. The second type is critical risks caused by force majeure. These risks disrupt the normal operation of the supply chain and critically reduce the most important performance indicators of the company such as annual income and profits. Risks happen due to natural or man-made causes such as fires and floods in the distribution centers or at production facilities, legal disputes with sup-pliers, strikes, terrorist attacks on logistics facilities and others. Dynamic simulation and analytical optimization are two dominant technologies for managing risks of the supply chains, which helps to increase their reliability and stability if failures occur. Through optimizing and simulating of the supply chains, companies can generate new information about the impact of failure and influence the supply chain and its performance by looking at various scenarios that simulate the locations of failures, the duration and recovery policies. An analysis of the literary sources shows that there is no single approach to build the concept for a supply chain digital twin. This article gives an overview of the literature according to this problem and offers the author's point of view on the concept for a supply chain digital twin.

Electronic Trade Scenario for Global Supply Chains

2011 ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Electronic Data Interchange ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Transaction Models ◽  
Data Interchange ◽  
On Line ◽  
High Level

This chapter introduces the concept of an electronic trade scenario as an aid to the management of (global) supply chains, and other forms of international, business-to-business electronic commerce. The problem addressed is the following. Competition demands that trade transactions be handled efficiently and securely. However, the same competitive environment also demands flexibility, and the ability to redesign the supply chain as conditions change. Current EDI (electronic data interchange) technologies offer efficiencies, but tend to be quite inflexible, often requiring substantial reprogramming for each modification to the transaction. Furthermore, these revisions need to be made not just for a single company, but for every affected company in the supply chain. In cases where some of the companies in the chain are relatively small, with limited computing staff and skills, such changes are even more difficult and disruptive. Electronic trade scenarios are generic, reusable models of the entire trade transaction. They are stored in a on-line repository, where each member of the supply chain can download the transaction component for their role in the transaction. In our proposed solution, the procedural logic of the transaction is designed using a high level, graphical representation called Documentary Petri Nets (DPN). The InterProcs system is described as a prototyping environment to support the design and execution of such supply chain transaction models using this DPN representation. A key concern will be the development of trustworthy trade scenarios that have sufficient controls and evidentiary documentation. Various directions of further work are described to improve the quality and flexibility of trade scenario designs.

Exploring the Franchisor-Franchisee Relationship

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Thierry Allègre ◽  
François Fulconis ◽  
Gilles Paché
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contractual Relationships ◽  
High Level

In the past 40 years, the franchising system has undergone a remarkable expansion, increasingly retaining the attention of economy and service management researchers. A recurring question relates to the sources of competitive advantage that a franchise network may have. This chapter intends to contribute to the debate based on the fundamentals of the resource/competence-based view, and applying the reflection to the case of the logistical service. The aim is to identify how and why supply chain resources and skills are deployed by franchisors to retain their franchisees thanks to a high level of service quality and therefore avoid the termination of contractual relationships. Based on a case study driven within a European franchise network, it is possible to conclude that the supply chain resources and competences of a franchisor play an important role in the duration of the franchisor-franchisee relationship when customized solutions are proposed thanks to information technologies.

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