scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Prediction of Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Concrete

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Dao ◽  
Hai-Bang Ly ◽  
Son Trinh ◽  
Tien-Thinh Le ◽  
Binh Pham
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has been used as a partial replacement of Portland cement concrete (PCC) in various construction applications. In this paper, two artificial intelligence approaches, namely adaptive neuro fuzzy inference (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN), were used to predict the compressive strength of GPC, where coarse and fine waste steel slag were used as aggregates. The prepared mixtures contained fly ash, sodium hydroxide in solid state, sodium silicate solution, coarse and fine steel slag aggregates as well as water, in which four variables (fly ash, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate solution, and water) were used as input parameters for modeling. A total number of 210 samples were prepared with target-specified compressive strength at standard age of 28 days of 25, 35, and 45 MPa. Such values were obtained and used as targets for the two AI prediction tools. Evaluation of the model’s performance was achieved via criteria such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed that both ANN and ANFIS models have strong potential for predicting the compressive strength of GPC but ANFIS (MAE = 1.655 MPa, RMSE = 2.265 MPa, and R2 = 0.879) is better than ANN (MAE = 1.989 MPa, RMSE = 2.423 MPa, and R2 = 0.851). Sensitivity analysis was then carried out, and it was found that reducing one input parameter could only make a small change to the prediction performance.

Effect of Curing Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer without Sodium Silicate Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosniza Hanim Abdul Rahim ◽  
Khairun Azizi Azizli ◽  
Zakaria Man ◽  
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Curing Time

Geopolymer is associated with the alkali activation of materials rich in Si and Al, and alkali activator such as sodium hydroxide is used for the dissolution of raw material with the addition of sodium silicate solution to increase the dissolution process. However, the trend of strength development of geopolymer using sodium hydroxide alone is not well established. This paper presents an evaluation on compressive strength of fly ash–based geopolymer by varying curing time with respect to different curing temperature using sodium hydroxide as the only activator. The samples were cured at room temperature and at an elevated temperature (60°C). Further analysis on the microstructure of geopolymer products cured at 60°C was carried out using Field Emission Scanning Microscopy (FESEM). It can be observed that the compressive strength increased as the curing time increased when cured at room temperature; whereas at elevated temperature, the strength increased up to a maximum 65.28 MPa at 14 days but gradually decreased at longer curing time. Better compressive strength can be obtained when the geopolymer was cured at an elevated temperature compared to curing at room temperature.

Effects of Seawater Content in Alkaline Activators to Engineering Properties of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Minh Do ◽  
Thu Ha Bui ◽  
Hoc Thang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Special Investigation ◽  
Liquid Phases

This paper illustrates a special investigation on geopolymer concrete synthesized from fly ash, sand, coarse aggregates (solid phases) in conditions of sodium silicate solution and seawater (liquid phases). The mixtures of geopolymer concrete were designed with proportion changes of among materials to evaluate effects of the proportions to engineering properties of products. The specimens were molded into cylinder with 200 mm in length and 100 mm in diameter, and then cured at room condition (28 °C, 80 % of humidity) for testing engineering properties for 7 days, 28 days, 90 days, and 180 days. The engineering properties of geopolymer concrete samples included compressive strength (MPa), water absorption (kg/m3), and volumetric weight (kg/m3). The results showed that the fly ash-based geopolymer concrete using sodium silicate solution and seawater was very good performance with value of 180 day-compressive strength at 58 MPa, water absorption and volumetric weight were at 180 kg/m3 and 2200 kg/m3, respectively.

scholarly journals Pressure-Induced Geopolymerization in Alkali-Activated Fly Ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol Park ◽  
Hammad Khalid ◽  
Joon Seo ◽  
Hyun Yoon ◽  
Hyeong Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
27Al Mas Nmr ◽  
Alkali Activated

The present study investigated geopolymerization in alkali-activated fly ash under elevated pressure conditions. The fly ash was activated using either sodium hydroxide or a combination of sodium silicate solution and sodium hydroxide, and was cured at 120 °C at a pressure of 0.22 MPa for the first 24 h. The pressure-induced evolution of the binder gel in the alkali-activated fly ash was investigated by employing synchrotron X-ray diffraction and solid-state 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the reactivity of the raw fly ash and the growth of the zeolite crystals were significantly enhanced in the samples activated with sodium hydroxide. In contrast, the effects of the elevated pressure conditions were found to be less apparent in the samples activated with the sodium silicate solution. These results may have important implications for the binder design of geopolymers, since the crystallization of geopolymers relates highly to its long-term properties and functionality.

Effect of Partial Replacement of Fly Ash by Metakaolin on Strength Development of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Mortar

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Nasir Shafiq ◽  
Mohd Fadhil Nuruddin ◽  
Ehsan Nikbakht ◽  
Asif Jalal
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Class C ◽  
Class F

This article aims to investigate the compressive strength variation by the addition of metakaolin as a substitute of fly ash in the fly ash based geopolymer mortar. Five, ten and fifteen percent by weight of fly ash was replaced by highly reactive metakaolin. Two type of fly ashes namely, ASTM class F and ASTM class C were used as a base material for the synthesis of geopolymer mortar. Eight molar sodium hydroxide solution mixed with sodium silicate solution was used as alkaline activator. For optimum geopolymerization, mortar was cured at sixty degree Celsius for twenty four hours duration. Results show different behavior of metakaolin replacement on compressive strength for two different types of fly ash based geopolymer mortar. Improvement in compressive strength was seen by addition of metakaolin in ASTM class F fly ash based geopolymer. On the other hand compressive strength was decreased abruptly in fly ash class C based geopolymer up to certain replacement level.

scholarly journals Effect of Concentration of Sodium Hydroxide and Degree of Heat Curing on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Mortar

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash V. Patankar ◽  
Yuwaraj M. Ghugal ◽  
Sanjay S. Jamkar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Increase With Increase

Geopolymer concrete/mortar is the new development in the field of building constructions in which cement is totally replaced by pozzolanic material like fly ash and activated by alkaline solution. This paper presented the effect of concentration of sodium hydroxide, temperature, and duration of oven heating on compressive strength of fly ash-based geopolymer mortar. Sodium silicate solution containing Na2O of 16.45%, SiO2 of 34.35%, and H2O of 49.20% and sodium hydroxide solution of 2.91, 5.60, 8.10, 11.01, 13.11, and 15.08. Moles concentrations were used as alkaline activators. Geopolymer mortar mixes were prepared by considering solution-to-fly ash ratio of 0.35, 0.40, and 0.45. The temperature of oven curing was maintained at 40, 60, 90, and 120°C each for a heating period of 24 hours and tested for compressive strength at the age of 3 days as test period after specified degree of heating. Test results show that the workability and compressive strength both increase with increase in concentration of sodium hydroxide solution for all solution-to-fly ash ratios. Degree of heating also plays vital role in accelerating the strength; however there is no large change in compressive strength beyond test period of three days after specified period of oven heating.

Effects of Alkaline Solution on the Properties of Slag Based Geopolymer

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Saha ◽  
C. Rajasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Geopolymer Paste

Production of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) requires huge quantity of natural resources and energy and it releases large amount of carbon - di - oxide to the environment. Therefore, enormous studies have been carried out throughout the world to establish geopolymer as an alternative binder material for the replacement of OPC to protect the environment. This study intends to explore the effects of alkaline solution on the properties of geopolymer produced with ground granulated blast furnace slag. Properties such as Standard consistency, setting time of slag based geopolymer paste has been determined using Vicat’s apparatus (according to the guidelines given by Indian Standards for OPC). In order to determine the effects of alkaline solution on the properties of geopolymers, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution has been varied from 6M to 16M and the ratio of sodium silicate solution to sodium hydroxide solution is also varied from 1.0 to 2.0. Results indicate higher standard consistency and significant less setting time for slag based geopolymer paste than that of OPC paste. Compressive strength of the geopolymer paste and mortar cube samples, cured in ambient conditions till the day of testing, is increasing with the increase of the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution. Highest compressive strength is obtained for the samples prepared with alkaline solution having the ratio of sodium silicate solution to sodium hydroxide solution as 1.5. But when the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is beyond 14M, decreasing trend in compressive strength is observed.

scholarly journals Effect of sodium hydroxide concentration on the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar using fly ash PLTU Tanjungjati B Jepara

2022 ◽  
Vol 955 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
A Kustirini ◽  
Antonius ◽  
P Setiyawan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Activator ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength

Abstract Geopolymer concrete is concrete that uses environmentally friendly materials, using fly ash from waste materials from the coal industry as a substitute for cement. To produce geopolymer concrete, an alkaline activator is required, with a mixture of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate. This research is an experimental study to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 8 Mol, 10 Mol, 12 Mol, and 14 Mol on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. Mortar Geopolymer uses a mixture of 1: 3 for the ratio of fly ash and sand, 2.5: 0.45 for the ratio of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide as an alkaline solution. The specimens used a cube mold having dimension 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm, then tested at 7 days and 28 days. The test resulted that concentration of NaOH 12 Mol obtained the maximum compressive strength of geopolymer concrete, that is 38.54 MPa. At concentrations of 12 Mol NaOH and exceeding 12M, the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete decreased.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Concrete Composites: Modeling and Comprehensive Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemn Unis Ahmed ◽  
Azad A. Mohammed ◽  
Ahmed S. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete

Abstract The growing concern about global climate change and its adverse impacts on societies is putting severe pressure on the construction industry as one of the largest producers of greenhouse gases. Given the environmental issues associated with cement production, geopolymer concrete has emerged as a sustainable construction material. Geopolymer concrete is cementless concrete that uses industrial or agro by-product ashes as the main binder instead of ordinary Portland cement; this leads to being an eco-efficient and environmentally friendly construction material. Compressive strength is one of the most important mechanical property for all types of concrete composites including geopolymer concrete, and it is affected by several parameters like an alkaline solution to binder ratio (l/b), fly ash (FA) content, SiO2/Al2O3 (Si/Al) of the FA, fine aggregate (F) and coarse aggregate (C) content, sodium hydroxide (SH) and sodium silicate (SS) content, ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (SS/SH), molarity (M), curing temperature (T), curing duration (CD) inside the oven and specimen ages (A). In this regard, a comprehensive systematic review was carried out to show the effect of these different parameters on the compressive strength of the fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (FA-GPC). In addition, multi-scale models such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), M5P-tree (M5P), Linear Regression (LR), and Multi-logistic Regression (MLR) models were developed to predict the compressive strength of FA-GPC composites. For the first time, in the modeling process, twelve effective parameters including l/b, FA, Si/Al, F, C, SH, SS, SS/SH, M, T, CD, and A were considered the modeling input parameters. Then, the efficiency of the developed models was assessed by various statistical assessment tools like Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Scatter Index (SI), OBJ value, and the Coefficient of determination (R2). Results show that the curing temperature, sodium silicate content, and ratio of the alkaline solution to the binder content are the most significant independent parameters that influence on the compressive strength of the FA-GPC, and the ANN model has better performance for predicting the compressive strength of FA-GPC in compared to the other developed models.

Fabrication and Characterization of Geopolymers from Japanese Volcanic Ashes

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shinobu Hashimoto ◽  
Hayami Takeda ◽  
Tatsuya Machino ◽  
Haruka Kanie ◽  
Sawao Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Volcanic Ashes

Geopolymers were fabricated from some Japanese volcanic ashes. 30 g of volcanic ash with 200μm in diameter was mixed with 10 ml of sodium hydroxide solution with various concentrations to form slurry which became geopolymer after curing. When 8.5~11.5 mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution was used, the compressive strength of the resultant geopolymers reached to 25-35MPa. However, when the volcanic ash with high silica content was used, the compressive strength of the geopolymer was under 20 MPa. Furthermore, the addition of sodium silicate hydrate into starting slurry which was consisted of volcanic ash and sodium silicate solution had not effected on the compressive strength of geopolymer. In contrast, the compressive strength of the geopolymer decreased to 30 % of compressive strength compared to that of original geopolymer after water immersion for 3 days. However, crushing treatment of the volcanic ash contributed to retain the compressive strength. Actually, when 10μm of volcanic ash was used to fabricate geopolymer, the compressive strength improved to 70% compared to that of original geopolymer.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength of Sustainable Geopolymer Concrete Composites: A State-of-the-Art Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13502
Author(s):  
Hemn Unis Ahmed ◽  
Azad A. Mohammed ◽  
Serwan Rafiq ◽  
Ahmed S. Mohammed ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Silicate Content ◽  
Binder Ratio

The building industry, which emits a significant quantity of greenhouse gases, is under tremendous pressure due to global climate change and its consequences for communities. Given the environmental issues associated with cement production, geopolymer concrete has emerged as a sustainable construction material. Geopolymer concrete is an eco-friendly construction material that uses industrial or agricultural by-product ashes as the principal binder instead of Portland cement. Fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, rice husk ash, metakaolin, and palm oil fuel ash were all employed as binders in geopolymer concrete, with fly ash being the most frequent. The most important engineering property for all types of concrete composites, including geopolymer concrete, is the compressive strength. It is influenced by different parameters such as the chemical composition of the binder materials, alkaline liquid to binder ratio, extra water content, superplasticizers dosages, binder content, fine and coarse aggregate content, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate content, the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide, the concentration of sodium hydroxide (molarity), curing temperature, curing durations inside oven, and specimen ages. In order to demonstrate the effects of these varied parameters on the compressive strength of the fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, a comprehensive dataset of 800 samples was gathered and analyzed. According to the findings, the curing temperature, sodium silicate content, and alkaline solution to binder ratio are the most significant independent parameters influencing the compressive strength of the fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (FA-BGPC) composites.

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