scholarly journals Amazing Types, Properties, and Applications of Fibres in Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Mohajerani ◽  
Siu-Qun Hui ◽  
Mehdi Mirzababaei ◽  
Arul Arulrajah ◽  
Suksun Horpibulsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Incineration Process

Fibres have been used in construction materials for a very long time. Through previous research and investigations, the use of natural and synthetic fibres have shown promising results, as their presence has demonstrated significant benefits in terms of the overall physical and mechanical properties of the composite material. When comparing fibre reinforcement to traditional reinforcement, the ratio of fibre required is significantly less, making fibre reinforcement both energy and economically efficient. More recently, waste fibres have been studied for their potential as reinforcement in construction materials. The build-up of waste materials all around the world is a known issue, as landfill space is limited, and the incineration process requires considerable energy and produces unwanted emissions. The utilisation of waste fibres in construction materials can alleviate these issues and promote environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions that work in the industry. This study reviews the types, properties, and applications of different fibres used in a wide range of materials in the construction industry, including concrete, asphalt concrete, soil, earth materials, blocks and bricks, composites, and other applications.

Frost Heaving Soil Road Use Synthetic Adhesive Reinforcement Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 759-762
Author(s):  
Hao Zeng Bao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Frost Heaving ◽  
The World ◽  
Rock And Soil

In many areas, there are still a development road construction materials, traditionally, often use reinforced concrete, asphalt and other adhesive method to strengthen the low strength of rock and soil anti-freeze expansion coefficient; And now all countries in the world are studying how to use industrial production waste development of new composite materials. One of the most development potential, the production of industrial waste - slime. This paper USES the Russian kazan national construction university experimental methods, in the experiment to improve frost heaving soil physical and mechanical properties of the method for the synthesis of adhesive, based on the feasibility and applicability, environmental assessment of research and analysis, for the use of adhesive put forward a lot of reference value.

Alternative Concrete – Geopolymer Concrete

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Alkali Activated

Concrete is the most versatile, durable and reliable material and is the most used building material. It requires large amounts of Portland cement which has environmental problems associated with its production. Hence, an alternative concrete – geopolymer concrete is needed. The general aim of this book is to make significant contributions in understanding and deciphering the mechanisms of the realization of the alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymer concrete and, at the same time, to present the main characteristics of the materials, components, as well as the influence that they have on the performance of the mechanical properties of the concrete. The book deals with in-depth research of the potential recovery of fly ash and using it as a raw material for the development of new construction materials, offering sustainable solutions to the construction industry.

Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Lightweight Bricks Using Foaming Agent - A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Aeslina Abdul Kadir ◽  
Mohammed Binhussain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Development

Bricks are widely used as a construction and building material due to its properties. Recent years have seen a great development in new types of inorganic cementitious binders called ‘‘geopolymeric cement’’ around the world. This prompted its use in bricks, which improves the greenness of ordinary bricks. The development of fly ash-based geopolymer lightweight bricks is relatively new in the field of construction materials. This paper reviews the uses of fly ash as a raw materials and addition of foaming agent to the geopolymeric mixture to produce lightweight bricks. The effects on their physical and mechanical properties have been discussed. Most manufactured bricks with incorporation of foaming agent have shown positive effects by producing lightweight bricks, increased porosity and improved the thermal conductivities of fly ash-based geopolymer bricks. However, less of performances in number of cases in terms of mechanical properties were also demonstrated.

Testing of Possible Use of Fine-Grained Alkali Activated Composites in the Construction Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Mec ◽  
Jana Boháčová ◽  
Petr Závrský
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated ◽  
Potential Use

Alkali-activated materials are formed by the alkaline activation of inorganic materials and are characterized by the wide range of potential use. The objective of experiment was to investigate the possibility of use fine-grained alkali activated composites in the construction industry. Selected properties of alkali-activated systems based on granulated blast furnace slag and fine-grained aggregates were determined. At the beginning of the experiment, different samples prepared of 3 types of activators were tested, basic properties (time of workability, initial and final setting time, compressive and flexural strength) and also a possibility of selected retarder use was determined. Then, samples with the best potencial to presumed use were tested in detail and a possibility use as a substitute for selected construction materials were evaluated. On the basis of determined properties, prepared composites could be used as reprofiling mortars, materials for cracks repairing or socle plasters.

scholarly journals Selection of Dried and Table Apricots in Nevsehir and Nigde Regions, Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Veyis YURTKULU ◽  
Ali KÜDEN ◽  
Ayzin B. KÜDEN
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Stone Fruits ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Brix Value ◽  
Apricot Tree ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

Apricot, for which Turkey is recognized as a top producer and the leading country in the world, is one of the most produced stone fruits in Turkey. For long time ago, apricot has been grown with the nursery plants obtained from the seeds in Nevsehir and Nigde provinces caused a wide range of germplasm resources in this area (Cappadocia area). Each apricot tree shows different characteristics and could be a variety candidate. With this study, phenological and pomological characters of 91 genotypes were determined and among them 15 of the best promising genotypes were given in this paper. Considering the experimented 15 genotypes, 8 genotypes gave higher Brix value (SSC) (27-31%) than ‘Hacihaliloglu’ variety (25-26%) which was the most common dried apricot variety in Turkey. Regarding the fruit weight, which is an important aspect for both dried and table fruits, high valued genotypes were also determined. The fruit weight of 11 genotypes were higher than 50 g with the values between 51.45 g and 84.02 g. As a result of this study, candidates for dried and table apricot genotypes were identified.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL TRENDS AND CURRENT CHALLENGES OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS MARKET DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Orlovska ◽  
◽  
Daria Havrylenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
International Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Construction Services

The main international trends in the world market of construction materials and services have been analyzed. The dynamics of world GDP and exports of construction services for the period 2000-2019 has been studied and a conclusion is made on the impact of economic crises on their growth rates. It has been determined that the dynamics of world exports of construction services is characterized by high instability with peaks of growth and decline, and is more sensitive than GDP growth. It has been noted that overcoming the crisis in the export sector of construction services takes more time and occurs with an approximate two-year time lag compared to GDP dynamics. The share of the construction industry in the world GDP by the degree of development has been analyzed. The reasons for the decline in the share of the construction industry in countries with economies in transition have been substantiated. It has been noted that in the developed countries the share of the construction sector is accounted for by real estate management activities related to maintenance, rent, purchase and sale and other transactions with land and real estate. The forecast values of growth of the market of building materials and services till 2030 have been given. The essence of the term «wide construction» has been revealed and the structure of this sector in different countries of the world is shown. The main exporters in the world construction market have been given and the structural distribution of the largest construction companies in the world ranking by country of origin has been analyzed. The dynamics of income level in the construction industry market for the period 2011-2018 has been studied. It has been noted that an important area of the construction sector is the market of roofing and facade materials and the world's largest companies for the production of this type of construction materials have been revealed. Conclusions on the essence of global transformations of the market of building materials and services have been made, and also it has been defined that they are caused by transnationalization of corporate structure of the market, influence of scientific and technical progress and information and communication technologies on world centers as well as the emergence of the concept of «sustainable construction» in the course of humanity for sustainable development.

scholarly journals Risk of Human-to-Wildlife Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Gryseels ◽  
Luc De Bruyn ◽  
Ralf Gyselings ◽  
Sébastien Calvignac-Spencer ◽  
Fabian Leendertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
Long Time ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wildlife Reservoir ◽  
Endangered Animals

It has been a long time since the world has experienced a pandemic with such a rapid devastating impact as the current COVID-19 pandemic. The causative agent, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is further unusual in that it appears capable of infecting many different mammal species. As a significant proportion of people worldwide are infected with SARS-CoV-2 and may spread the infection unknowingly before symptoms occur or without any symptoms ever occurring, there is a non-negligible risk of humans spreading SARS-CoV-2 to wildlife, in particular mammals. Because of SARS-CoV-2’s evolutionary origins in bats and reports of humans transmitting the virus to pets and zoo animals, regulations for prevention of human-to-animal transmission have so far focused mostly on these animal groups. Here, we summarize recent studies and reports that show that a wide range of distantly related mammals are likely susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and that susceptibility or resistance to the virus is in general not predictable, or only to some extent, by phylogenetic proximity to known susceptible or resistant hosts. In the absence of solid evidence on the SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility/resistance for each of the >5,500 mammal species, we argue that sanitary precautions should be taken when interacting with any mammal species in the wild. Preventing human-to-wildlife SARS-CoV-2 transmission is important for protecting these (sometimes endangered) animals from disease, but also to avoid establishment of novel SARS-CoV-2 reservoirs in wild animals. The risk of repeated re-infection of humans from such a wildlife reservoir could severely hamper SARS-CoV-2 control efforts. For wildlife fieldworkers interacting directly or indirectly with mammals, we recommend sanitary precautions such as physical distancing, wearing face masks and gloves, and frequent decontamination, which are very similar to regulations currently imposed to prevent transmission among humans.

Study of the influence of the efficiency of application of asphalt concrete reinforced by basaltic fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Artur Onyshchenko ◽  
◽  
Mykola Garkusha ◽  
Oleksandr Fedorenko ◽  
Yevgen Plazii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Increasing the load on highways and constantly increasing the intensity of traffic requires the use of road construction materials with improved physical and mechanical properties. Asphalt concrete is one of the most common and effective materials, which allows to provide the necessary strength and durability of the pavement structure. However, the use of traditional materials for its preparation - mineral material and road bitumen has a limited resource, which does not always meet traffic conditions. Modern scientific research in materials science allows to use mixtures of asphalt concrete and asphalt concrete road with the use of basalt fiber.Apply mixtures of asphalt concrete and asphalt concrete road with the use of basalt fiber, allows to increase the mechanical characteristics - tensile strength and resistance to fatigue from repeated loads, which increases the crack resistance of asphalt concrete layers of pavement structures, as well as increases resistance to shape change. accumulation of residual deformations.Problem Statement. From the literature analysis it is established that the coating of non-rigid pavement is in difficult operating conditions, which is confirmed by the intensive growth of defects in the form of tracks, landslides, inflows, cracks, due to increasing parameters of transport loads and high summer temperatures, so there is a need new materials.Purpose. Is to study the impact of the effectiveness of asphalt concrete reinforced with basalt fiber.Results. The results of physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concretes with the use of basalt fiber are obtained. The results of formation of residual deformations in the form of track in asphalt concrete with the use of basalt fiber are obtained. As a result of the conducted researches the analysis of efficiency of application of basalt fiber in asphalt concrete mix is executed.On the basis of the carried-out researches the basic requirements to asphalt concrete mix with use of basalt fiber are establishedConclusions. The research results were used in the development of regulations for the design, construction and repair of asphalt layers of roads in Ukraine.Keywords: asphalt concrete road with basalt fiber, asphalt concrete mixes with basalt fiber, loading, covering, stability, temperature.

scholarly journals Modern biopositive technologies of waste processing in the utilities and construction industries

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1135-1146
Author(s):  
Konstantin L. Chertes ◽  
Nikolay I. Shestakov
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Sedimentation Stability ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. In this article the analysis of certain biopositive technologies applied to processing or recycling of construction waste, municipal sewage, and paste-like slurries of organo-mineral nature is performed. The relevance of this research is confirmed by the steadily growing number of publications and currently implemented government programmes aimed at solving such problems. The paper summarizes the results of research into the treatment of wastes having different origin. Materials and methods. The analysis of the research literature and patents for inventions, as well as publicly available technologies used in waste processing and recycling is performed. Selection of biopositive technologies based on the chemical nature of materials and their groups is described. Biopositive technologies, most effectively applied to construction materials, are identified for the purpose of converting engineering structures into secondary raw components. The co-authors demonstrate the application of a biopositive technology to sludge decontaminated at municipal waste water treatment plants and to hot waste generated by the hydrolysis industry, as well as technologies used to process special thermal insulation and waterproofing materials. Results. The use of water-organic emulsions as active components in effective regeneration of asphalt granulated concrete mixtures is considered. Сompositions, concentrations and sedimentation stability of such emulsions have been identified. The results of the study of physical, mechanical and hydro-physical properties of the asphalt-concrete granulate treated with water-organic emulsions are described. This regeneration technology helps bitumen to restore binding properties on the surface of the asphalt-concrete granulate and makes this composite applicable as a material designated for the bottom layers of the road pavement. Conclusions. These biopositive technologies make it possible to efficiently and rationally process or recycle a wide range of municipal and construction waste into structures and products having various applications. Recycling, composting and plasma technologies are considered in this case.

scholarly journals PLASTICS AS CONTEMPORARY MATERIAL IN ARCHITECTURE FOR HEALTH AND SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Ifeanyi Chukwudi OBI ◽  
Almira Khafizova
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Material ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

Nowadays plastics have become one of the main construction materials with a wide range of use in product design as well as construction industry of medium or large elements including buildings. Elements like pipes’ and cables insulation, storage tanks, skylights, roofing, windows and doors, insulation and temporary structures can be made entirely, partly or as a bonding compound in new material mixes like WPCs wood plastic composites, carbon or natural fiber reinforced plastic. Material of this study has a vast application in the field of tensile structures construction or tents in smaller scale. One of the most common uses of plastic in the building construction is insulation of large surfaces such are walls, roofs or floors that can come in different forms commonly in foam which amounts can be adjusted to fit any form, in a prefabricated form like SIP panels as well as to securely insulate smaller details like pipes or cables. It is frequently used in the timing of the exterior building planes too. A rife problem is allergies from raw organic material objects and building components like down, sisal, cotton, coir, sea grass, etc. that can cause serious sequels like asthma, eyes and other mucous maladies can be completely eliminated with synthetic plastic-based materials-nylon, polyester, and polypropylene. This paper intends to stream how different plastic-based materials can help attain sustainable position in modern contemporary architecture.

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