scholarly journals Assessment of Internal Structure of Spun Concrete Using Image Analysis and Physicochemical Methods

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3987
Author(s):  
Jarosław Michałek ◽  
Maciej Sobótka
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
Spun Concrete ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Taking into account the possibilities offered by two imaging methods, X-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) and two-dimensional optical scanning, this article discusses the possibility of using these methods to assess the internal structure of spun concrete, particularly its composition after hardening. To demonstrate the performance of the approach based on imaging, laboratory techniques based on physical and chemical methods were used as verification. Comparison of obtained results of applied research methods was carried out on samples of spun concrete, characterized by a layered structure of the annular cross-section. Samples were taken from the power pole E10.5/6c (Strunobet-Migacz, Lewin Brzeski, Poland) made by one of the Polish manufacturers of prestressed concrete E-poles precast in steel molds. The validation shows that optical scanning followed by appropriate image analysis is an effective method for evaluation of the spun concrete internal structure. In addition, such analysis can significantly complement the results of laboratory methods used so far. In a fairly simple way, through the porosity image, it can reveal improperly selected parameters of concrete spinning such as speed and time, and, through the distribution of cement content in the cross-section of the element, it can indicate compliance with the requirement for corrosion durability of spun concrete. The research methodology presented in the paper can be used to improve the production process of poles made of spun concrete; it can be an effective tool for verifying concrete structure.

Automated 3D measurement of fiber cross section morphology in handsheets

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lorbach ◽  
Ulrich Hirn ◽  
Johannes Kritzinger ◽  
Wolfgang Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
3D Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fiber Cross Section ◽  
Fiber Wall ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Cross Section Geometry

Abstract We present a method for 3D measurement of fiber cross sectional morphology from handsheets. An automated procedure is used to acquire 3D datasets of fiber cross sectional images using an automated microtome and light microscopy. The fiber cross section geometry is extracted using digital image analysis. Simple sample preparation and highly automated image acquisition and image analysis are providing an efficient tool to analyze large samples. It is demonstrated that if fibers are tilted towards the image plane the images of fiber cross sections are always larger than the true fiber cross section geometry. In our analysis the tilting angles of the fibers to the image plane are measured. The resulting fiber cross sectional images are distorted to compensate the error due to fiber tilt, restoring the true fiber cross sectional shape. We use an approximated correction, the paper provides error estimates of the approximation. Measurement results for fiber wall thickness, fiber coarseness and fiber collapse are presented for one hardwood and one softwood pulp.

Modification of Collagen for Biomedical Applications: A Review of Physical and Chemical Methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 1797-1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Yu ◽  
Cuie Tang ◽  
Shanbai Xiong ◽  
Qijuan Yuan ◽  
Zhipeng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Biomedical Applications and Patents on Metallic Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Singh ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Rishabha Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Aim/Objective: The author writes the manuscript by reviewing the literatures related to the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles. The term metal nanoparticles are used to describe the nanosized metals with the dimension within the size range of 1-100 nm. Methods: The preparation of metallic nanoparticles and their application is an influential area for research. Among various physical and chemical methods (viz. chemical reduction, thermal decomposition, etc.) for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, biological methods have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is having many problems inclusive of solvent toxicity, the formation of hazardous byproducts and consumption of energy. So it is important to design eco-friendly benign procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Results: From the literature survey, we concluded that metallic nanoparticles have applications in the treatment of different diseases. Metallic nanoparticles are having a great advantage in the detection of cancer, diagnosis, and therapy. And it can also have properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-angiogenic. Conclusion: In this review, recent upcoming advancement of biomedical application of nanotechnology and their future challenges has been discussed.

The Use of Metallography for Examination of Causes of Surface Defects on Visual Parts

2017 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Zuzana Andršová ◽  
Pavel Kejzlar
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Visual Defects ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Microscopic Techniques ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Many of currently manufactured components intended for automotive, must not only meet the requirements on functionality, but also considerable demands on the visual appearance. Parts are subjected to thorough inspection and suppliers are forced to deal with causes of a very slight visual defects. When examining the defects, it is necessary to use a whole range of advanced analytical methods and procedures previously used only for identification of the physical and chemical properties and structure of the material. This paper deals with several examples which have been solved. It focuses especially on the use of demanding metallographic sample preparation from components with surface defects, examining the defects on the cross-section using mainly microscopic techniques and determining the causes of their generation. These results then serve as a basis for modification of the technology and thus they are the tool for significant reduction of amount of NOK parts.

scholarly journals Decreasing Oxalate Levels in Kimpul Tubers (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) by Physical and Chemical Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 667 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
I Sulaiman ◽  
C Annisa ◽  
Y M Lubis ◽  
Z F Rozali ◽  
S Noviasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽  
Physical And Chemical

COMPARAISON DE DIVERSES METHODES DE CASTRATION ET DE STERILISATION DES AGNEAUX: I. INFLUENCE DE CES METHODES SUR LA CROISSANCE, L’EFFICIENCE ALIMENTAIRE, LE RENDEMENT A L’AHATTAGE ET LA RENTABILITE

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BAILLARGEON ◽  
J. P. LEMAY ◽  
W. B. HOLTMANN ◽  
L. A. CHARETTE
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted to compare various physical and chemical methods of castration of lambs at 15 and 60 days of age. Their effects on body growth, feed efficiency, dressing percentage and profitability were studied. At birth 100 lambs were divided among the 16 different treatments according to sex and the following breeding groups: Suffolk, North Country Cheviot, two-breed cross and three-breed cross. The different methods of castration were: complete removal of the testicles, Burdizzo, elastrator and partial castration. The sterilization methods consisted of intramuscular, intratesticular and intraveinous injection of cadmium chloride. All lambs were weaned at 30 days of age and placed in individual pens. They were subjected to similar environmental conditions and shipped to slaughter at approximately 45 kg body weight. Significant differences were observed among breeds, sexes and the various castration methods for daily gain, feed efficiency, days required to reach market and profitability. Age at castration did not have any important effect ort the variables measured. Superior gains, feed efficiency and profitability were observed for the partially castrated group, for the lambs that received an intramuscular injection of cadmium chloride and for the non-castrated males. All treatment groups involving males were superior to the females for the characters studied except for dressing percentage.

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME FOR PRODUCING LIQUID SUGAR FROM SEMI-PRODUCTS OF BEET SUGAR PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.С. Решетова ◽  
О.Ю. Бганцева
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Разработана технологическая схема получения жидкого сахара из полупродуктов свеклосахарного производства, которая предусматривает получение исходного (концентрированного) сахарного раствора из сиропа после выпарки, некондиционного сахара и желтого сахара последнего продукта с содержанием сухих веществ (СВ) от 68 до 72. Изучено изменение количества микроорганизмов в жидком сахаре в течение 30 сут хранения в закрытых сосудах при температуре окружающей среды без предварительной обработки физическим и химическим способами с целью использования сиропа при производстве пищевых продуктов. Установлено, что в растворе с содержанием СВ 68 72 количество микроорганизмов увеличилось: бактерий с 15 до 60 КОЕ/г, дрожжей и плесневых грибов с 10 до 34 КОЕ/г, что не превышает допустимых уровней СанПиН 2.3.2.1078 01 и ГОСТ Р 53035 2008. Определена длительность хранения жидкого сахара для использования в пищевых производствах не более 15 сут. The technological scheme of obtaining liquid sugar from semiproducts of sugar beet production, which provides for obtaining the initial (concentrated) sugar solution from the syrup after evaporation, substandard sugar and yellow sugar of the last product with a content of dry matters from 68 to 72, has been developed. The change in the number of microorganisms in liquid sugar was studied during 30 days of storage in closed vessels at ambient temperature without preliminary treatment by physical and chemical methods with the aim of using syrup in food production. It was found that in the solution with the content of dry matters 68 72 the number of microorganisms increased: bacteria from 15 to 60 CFU/g, yeast and fungi from 10 to 34 CFU/g, which does not exceed the permissible levels of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078 01 and GOST R 53035 2008. The storage duration of liquid sugar for use in food production was determined no more than 15 days.

scholarly journals Anatomical Characteristics of Garcinia lucida (Vesque) and Scorodophloeus zenkeri (Harms) Wood and Debarking Response in the South Region Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Marie Caroline Momo Solefack ◽  
Hans Beeckman ◽  
Lucie Felicite Temgoua ◽  
Ghislain Kenguem Kinjouo
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Image Analysis Software ◽  
Conductive Zone ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this work was to investigate the possible anatomical changes of Garcinia lucida and Scorodophloeus zenkeri after the removal of their bark. Debarking was done on individuals of each species at 1.30 m from the soil. The wound was rectangular in shape with 30 cm side. There was a follow-up every three months for nine months during which the survival and rate of regeneration of the bark were recorded. A block of cube was cut from the regenerated and intact wood of species for microtomy and microscopy activities. On the cross-section of each wood, vessel features like density and diameter were measured before and after wounding. Semi-automatic measurements were made using the SpectrumSee digital image analysis software. In the wood of the two species, it appeared that the density of the vessels before debarking was significantly comparable to the density after debarking, while the diameter of vessels in the regenerated wood was smaller. The cambial area increased slightly in the rainy season for all species. After nine months all the species started the restoration of their conductive zone. G. lucida heals its wound more rapidly than S. zenkeri.

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