scholarly journals Evaluation of Biodegradable PVA-Based 3D Printed Carriers during Dissolution

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Bálint Basa ◽  
Géza Jakab ◽  
Nikolett Kállai-Szabó ◽  
Bence Borbás ◽  
Viktor Fülöp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Computer Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Kinetics Of

The presence of additive manufacturing, especially 3D printing, has the potential to revolutionize pharmaceutical manufacturing owing to the distinctive capabilities of personalized pharmaceutical manufacturing. This study’s aim was to examine the behavior of commonly used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) under in vitro dissolution conditions. Polylactic acid (PLA) was also used as a comparator. The carriers were designed and fabricated using computer-aided design (CAD). After printing the containers, the behavior of PVA under in vitro simulated biorelevant conditions was monitored by gravimetry and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. The results show that in all the dissolution media PVA carriers were dissolved; the particle size was under 300 nm. However, the dissolution rate was different in various dissolution media. In addition to studying the PVA, as drug delivery carriers, the kinetics of drug release were investigated. These dissolution test results accompanied with UV spectrophotometry tracking indirectly determine the possibilities for modifying the output of quality by computer design.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Feasibility of NaCaPO4-Blended Zirconia as a New CAD/CAM Material for Dental Restoration

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3819
Author(s):  
Ting-Hsun Lan ◽  
Yu-Feng Chen ◽  
Yen-Yun Wang ◽  
Mitch M. C. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Better Than

The computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fabrication technique has become one of the hottest topics in the dental field. This technology can be applied to fixed partial dentures, removable dentures, and implant prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of NaCaPO4-blended zirconia as a new CAD/CAM material. Eleven different proportional samples of zirconia and NaCaPO4 (xZyN) were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Vickers microhardness, and the milling property of these new samples was tested via a digital optical microscope. After calcination at 950 °C for 4 h, XRD results showed that the intensity of tetragonal ZrO2 gradually decreased with an increase in the content of NaCaPO4. Furthermore, with the increase in NaCaPO4 content, the sintering became more obvious, which improved the densification of the sintered body and reduced its porosity. Specimens went through milling by a computer numerical control (CNC) machine, and the marginal integrity revealed that being sintered at 1350 °C was better than being sintered at 950 °C. Moreover, 7Z3N showed better marginal fit than that of 6Z4N among thirty-six samples when sintered at 1350 °C (p < 0.05). The milling test results revealed that 7Z3N could be a new CAD/CAM material for dental restoration use in the future.

scholarly journals Design and characterization of 3D printed, neomycin-eluting poly-L-lactide mats for wound-healing applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahima Singh ◽  
Sriramakamal Jonnalagadda
Keyword(s):  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Topical Antibiotic ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Base Polymer ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractThis study evaluates the suitability of 3D printed biodegradable mats to load and deliver the topical antibiotic, neomycin, for up to 3 weeks in vitro. A 3D printer equipped with a hot melt extruder was used to print bandage-like wound coverings with porous sizes appropriate for cellular attachment and viability. The semicrystalline polyester, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) was used as the base polymer, coated (post-printing) with polyethylene glycols (PEGs) of MWs 400 Da, 6 kDa, or 20 kDa to enable manipulation of physicochemical and biological properties to suit intended applications. The mats were further loaded with a topical antibiotic (neomycin sulfate), and cumulative drug-release monitored for 3 weeks in vitro. Microscopic imaging as well as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies showed pore dimensions of 100 × 400 µm. These pore dimensions were achieved without compromising mechanical strength; because of the “tough” individual fibers constituting the mat (Young’s Moduli of 50 ± 20 MPa and Elastic Elongation of 10 ± 5%). The in vitro dissolution study showed first-order release kinetics for neomycin during the first 20 h, followed by diffusion-controlled (Fickian) release for the remaining duration of the study. The release of neomycin suggested that the ability to load neomycin on to PLLA mats increases threefold, as the MW of the applied PEG coating is lowered from 20 kDa to 400 Da. Overall, this study demonstrates a successful approach to using a 3D printer to prepare porous degradable mats for antibiotic delivery with potential applications to dermal regeneration and tissue engineering.

Design and development of a novel 3D-printed non-metallic self-locking prosthetic arm for a forequarter amputation

2020 ◽  
pp. 030936462094829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Binedell ◽  
Eugene Meng ◽  
Karupppasamy Subburaj
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Prosthetic Design ◽  
Forequarter Amputation ◽  
Digital Scanning ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

Background: Upper limb, in particular forequarter amputations, require highly customised devices that are often expensive and underutilised. Objectives: The objective of this study was to design and develop a comfortable 3D-printed cosmetic forequarter prosthetic device, which was lightweight, cool to wear, had an elbow that could lock, matched the appearance of the contralateral arm and was completely free of metal for a specific user’s needs. Study Design: Device design. Technique: An iterative user-centred design approach was used for digitising, designing and developing a functional 3D-printed prosthetic arm for an acquired forequarter amputation, while optimising the fit and function after each prototype. Results: The cost of the final arm was 20% less expensive than a traditionally-made forequarter prostheses in Singapore. The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) 2.0 survey was administered, with results indicating that the 3D-printed arm was preferred due to its overall effectiveness, accurate size, ease of use and suspension. However, durability had a lower score, and the weight of the arm was 100 g heavier than the user’s current prosthesis. The technique described resulted in a precise fitting and shaped forequarter prosthesis for the user. Using the user’s feedback in the iterations of the design resulted in improved QUEST survey results indicating the device was effective, easy to use, perceived as lighter and more secure than the user’s traditionally-made device. Conclusion: A fully customised cosmetic forequarter prosthesis was designed and developed using digital scanning, computer-aided design modelling and 3D printing for a specific user. These technologies enable new avenues for highly complex prosthetic design innovations.

scholarly journals Accuracy Assessment of Molded, Patient-Specific Polymethylmethacrylate Craniofacial Implants Compared to Their 3D Printed Originals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Chamo ◽  
Bilal Msallem ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Christoph Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Craniofacial Implants ◽  
Aided Design

The use of patient-specific implants (PSIs) in craniofacial surgery is often limited due to a lack of expertise and/or production costs. Therefore, a simple and cost-efficient template-based fabrication workflow has been developed to overcome these disadvantages. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of PSIs made from their original templates. For a representative cranial defect (CRD) and a temporo-orbital defect (TOD), ten PSIs were made from polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. These customized implants were measured and compared with their original 3D printed templates. The implants for the CRD revealed a root mean square (RMS) value ranging from 1.128 to 0.469 mm with a median RMS (Q1 to Q3) of 0.574 (0.528 to 0.701) mm. Those for the TOD revealed an RMS value ranging from 1.079 to 0.630 mm with a median RMS (Q1 to Q3) of 0.843 (0.635 to 0.943) mm. This study demonstrates that a highly precise duplication of PSIs can be achieved using this template-molding workflow. Thus, virtually planned implants can be accurately transferred into haptic PSIs. This workflow appears to offer a sophisticated solution for craniofacial reconstruction and continues to prove itself in daily clinical practice.

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CAFFEINE-LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES TO TREAT CLINICAL MASTITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
B. SURENDRA ◽  
M. NAVEEN KUMAR ◽  
PADMINI IRIVENTI
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Solid Lipid

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate caffeine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in the treatment of clinical mastitis. Methods: These were prepared by homogenization technique using stearic acid, Tween 80, and chloroform as excipients. Pre-formulation studies such as UV spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed for the drug. Entrapment efficiency and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out for prepared SLNs and the optimum formulation (F2) was taken for further studies such as FTIR, DSC, SEM, particle size, and zeta potential analysis. Results: Obtained results stated that prepared SLNs are roughly spherical in nature and are in nano range. These were incorporated in Carbopol gel and further evaluation studies such as pH, spreadability, viscosity, homogenicity, and in vitro drug diffusion studies were carried out. All the results stated that prepared nanogel has shown sustained release of drug. Antimicrobial study was carried out using Staphylococcus aureus and it was confirmed by the appearance of zone of inhibition. Conclusion: Nanogel that contains caffeine SLNs with 1:2 ratio drug:lipid has shown good in vitro release. Sustained release of caffeine drug till 12 h was achieved by delivering it in the form of nanogel.

scholarly journals Application Solid Laser-Sintered or Machined Ti6Al4V Alloy in Manufacturing of Dental Implants and Dental Prosthetic Restorations According to Dentistry 4.0 Concept

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek A. Dobrzański ◽  
Lech B. Dobrzański ◽  
Anna Achtelik-Franczak ◽  
Joanna Dobrzańska
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a comparison of the impact of milling technology in the computer numerically controlled (CNC) machining centre and selective laser sintering (SLS) and on the structure and properties of solid Ti6Al4V alloy. It has been shown that even small changes in technological conditions in the SLS manufacturing variant significantly affect changes from two to nearly two and a half times in tensile and bending strengths. Both the tensile and bending strength obtained in the most favourable manufacturing variant by the SLS method is over 25% higher than in the case of cast materials subsequently processed by milling. Plug-and-play SLS conditions provide about 60% of the possibilities. Structural, tribological and electrochemical tests were carried out. In vitro biological tests using osteoblasts confirm the good tendency for the proliferation of live cells on the substrate manufactured under the most favourable SLS conditions. The use of SLS additive technology for the manufacturing of dental implants and abutments made of Ti6Al4V alloy in combination with the digitisation of dental diagnostics and computer-aided design and manufacture of computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) following the idea of Dentistry 4.0 is the best choice of technology for manufacturing of prosthetic and implant devices used in dentistry.

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