scholarly journals Basic Principles and Recent Advances in Magnetic Cell Separation

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Marie Frenea-Robin ◽  
Julien Marchalot
Keyword(s):  
Cell Separation ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cell Labeling ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Rapid Dissemination ◽  
Magnetic Cell Separation ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Rare Cells

Magnetic cell separation has become a key methodology for the isolation of target cell populations from biological suspensions, covering a wide spectrum of applications from diagnosis and therapy in biomedicine to environmental applications or fundamental research in biology. There now exists a great variety of commercially available separation instruments and reagents, which has permitted rapid dissemination of the technology. However, there is still an increasing demand for new tools and protocols which provide improved selectivity, yield and sensitivity of the separation process while reducing cost and providing a faster response. This review aims to introduce basic principles of magnetic cell separation for the neophyte, while giving an overview of recent research in the field, from the development of new cell labeling strategies to the design of integrated microfluidic cell sorters and of point-of-care platforms combining cell selection, capture, and downstream detection. Finally, we focus on clinical, industrial and environmental applications where magnetic cell separation strategies are amongst the most promising techniques to address the challenges of isolating rare cells.

SERS Substrate Fabrication for Biochemical Sensing: towards Point-of-Care Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojia Liu ◽  
Jiuchuan Guo ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Shikun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Biochemical Sensing ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Increasing Demand

Rapid technology development and economic growth have brought attention to public health issues, such as food safety and environmental pollution, which creates an ever-increasing demand for fast and portable sensing...

scholarly journals Isolating astrocytes and neurons sequentially from postnatal murine brains with a magnetic cell separation technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Feldmann ◽  
Praneeti Pathipati ◽  
R Ann Sheldon ◽  
Xiangning Jiang ◽  
Donna M Ferriero
Keyword(s):  
Cell Separation ◽  
Separation Technique ◽  
Magnetic Cell Separation

scholarly journals Predicting residual service life of concrete infrastructure: a considerably controversial subject

2019 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 08002
Author(s):  
Joost Gulikers
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Service Life Prediction ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Residual Service Life ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Life Predictions

There is an increasing demand from asset owners for service life prediction of existing reinforced concrete structures. This requires assessment of the current condition and modelling to allow for a prediction. This paper critically discusses a number of subjects relevant for service life prediction with respect to durability related to chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion. The subjects include the physical meaning and variability of the end-of-service-life criterion, the validity of the deterioration models, the availability, variability and reality level of input values for some model parameters, as well as some practical issues concerning site investigations. The findings are exemplified by calculation examples using both a deterministic as well as a full probabilistic approach. It is anticipated that in the future a full probabilistic approach will be adopted which makes service life predictions more prone to manipulation of input values, as literature provides a wide spectrum of values to choose from. Although a probabilistic approach seems very impressive to most asset owners it usually disguises the lack of knowledge, responsibility and liability of the consultant involved. It is concluded that asset owners will be easy prey for consultants to play a lucrative numbers game eventually providing a desirable and realistic outcome, mostly already known beforehand.

scholarly journals Microfluidics as an Emerging Platform for Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammer-ul Hassan ◽  
Xunli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Testing Tools ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Increasing Demand

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes become resistant to antibiotics causing complications and limited treatment options. AMR is more significant where antibiotics use is excessive or abusive and the strains of bacteria become resistant to antibiotic treatments. Current technologies for bacteria and its resistant strains identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) are mostly central-lab based in hospitals, which normally take days to weeks to get results. These tools and procedures are expensive, laborious and skills based. There is an ever-increasing demand for developing point-of-care (POC) diagnostics tools for rapid and near patient AMR testing. Microfluidics, an important and fundamental technique to develop POC devices, has been utilized to tackle AMR in healthcare. This review mainly focuses on the current development in the field of microfluidics for rapid AMR testing. Method: Due to the limitations of conventional AMR techniques, microfluidic-based platforms have been developed for better understandings of bacterial resistance, smart AST and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing tools and development of new drugs. This review aims to summarize the recent development of AST and MIC testing tools in different formats of microfluidics technology. Results: Various microfluidics devices have been developed to combat AMR. Miniaturization and integration of different tools has been attempted to produce handheld or standalone devices for rapid AMR testing using different formats of microfluidics technology such as active microfluidics, droplet microfluidics, paper microfluidics and capillary-driven microfluidics. Conclusion: Current conventional AMR detection technologies provide time-consuming, costly, labor-intensive and central lab-based solutions, limiting their applications. Microfluidics has been developed for decades and the technology has emerged as a powerful tool for POC diagnostics of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare providing, simple, robust, cost-effective and portable diagnostics. The success has been reported in research articles; however, the potential of microfluidics technology in tackling AMR has not been fully achieved in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Switching from Multiplex to Multimodal Colorimetric Lateral Flow Immunosensor

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6609
Author(s):  
Simone Cavalera ◽  
Fabio Di Nardo ◽  
Luca Forte ◽  
Francesca Marinoni ◽  
Matteo Chiarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Human Immunoglobulins ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Gold Nanomaterials ◽  
Two Parameter

Multiplex lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is largely used for point-of-care testing to detect different pathogens or biomarkers in a single device. The increasing demand for multitargeting diagnostics requires multi-informative single tests. In this study, we demonstrated three strategies to upgrade standard multiplex LFIA to multimodal capacity. As a proof-of-concept, we applied the strategies to the differential diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, a widespread pathogen, for which conventional multiplex LFIA testing is well-established. In the new two-parameter LFIA (x2LFIA), we exploited color encoding, in which the binding of multiple targets occurs in one reactive band and the color of the probe reveals which one is present in the sample. By combining the sequential alignment of several reactive zones along the membrane of the LFIA strip and gold nanoparticles and gold nanostars for the differential visualization, in this demonstration, the x2LFIA can furnish information on HIV serotype and stage of infection in a single device. Three immunosensors were designed. The use of bioreagents as the capturing ligand anchored onto the membrane or as the detection ligand labelled with gold nanomaterials affected the performance of the x2LFIA. Higher detectability was achieved by the format involving the HIV-specific antigens as capturing agent and labelled secondary bioligands (anti-human immunoglobulins M and protein G) as the probes.

Clinical Scale Enrichment and Expansion of Highly Pure CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells.

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 3718-3718
Author(s):  
Carina Conrads ◽  
Jürgen Schmitz ◽  
Mario Assenmacher ◽  
Claudia Niemand ◽  
Alexander Scheffold
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
Foxp3 Expression ◽  
Clinical Scale ◽  
Organ Rejection ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
In Vitro Expansion ◽  
Magnetic Cell Separation ◽  
Effector Cytokines

Abstract Abstract 3718 CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) bear great potential to prevent or treat a variety of immune mediated diseases, including autoimmunity, organ rejection or GvHD. Currently Treg for clinical application can be separated by magnetic cell separation via the CliniMACS® Plus Instrument using CD25 enrichment plus/minus prior depletion of CD8 or CD19 positive cells. With this technology Treg can be enriched to a mean purity of about 50% and first clinical trials for prevention of GvHD show no adverse effects at all. Despite these promising results, concerns have been raised whether in the setting of organ transplantation or autoimmunity higher Treg purities and/or the in vitro expansion of Treg without loss of Foxp3+ expression are required. Therefore, we have optimized the parameters for CD25 enrichment via CliniMACS to achieve higher purity of the isolated Treg. The purity of Treg could be increased by about 20–30% resulting in an average purity of 70–80% of Foxp3+ Treg. We have also developed a protocol for the in vitro expansion of CliniMACS isolated Treg using CD3/CD28 coated MACSiBead™Particles. In the presence of Rapamycin CliniMACS isolated Treg could be expanded about 20 fold with a single round of stimulation. Importantly Foxp3+ expression was not affected by the expansion but remained constant at about 70–80%. Similarly the expression of effector cytokines by expanded Treg was greatly suppressed by Rapamycin. These data show that Treg for clinical application can efficiently be isolated with high purity via CliniMACS and subsequently be expanded in vitro without loss of Foxp3 expression. Disclosures: Conrads: Miltenyi Biotec: Employment. Schmitz:Miltenyi Biotec: Employment. Assenmacher:m: Employment. Niemand:Miltenyi Biotec: Employment. Scheffold:Miltenyi Biotec: Employment.

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