scholarly journals Trends in Mortality Rates of Corpus Uteri and Ovarian Cancer in Lithuania, 1987–2016

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Rūta Everatt ◽  
Birutė Intaitė
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Corpus Uteri

Background: The corpus uteri and ovarian cancers burden in Lithuania has remained high. The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in mortality rates of corpus uteri and ovarian cancer in Lithuania across age groups and time periods over a 30-year time span. Materials and Methods: Data on numbers of deaths from corpus uteri cancer during the period 1987–2016 and ovarian cancer during the period 1993–2016 were obtained from the WHO mortality database. Trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASR, world standard), and age-specific rates were analyzed by calculating annual percentage change using Joinpoint regression. In addition, age–period–cohort analysis was performed for each cancer type. Results: Mortality from corpus uteri cancer decreased by −1.2% (95% CI: −1.8; −0.7) annually from 1987 to 2016. Decrease was most pronounced in youngest age group of 40–49 years; annual percentage change was −2.4 (95% CI: −4.0; −0.9). Mortality rates for ovarian cancers decreased by −1.2% (95% CI: −1.6; −0.8) annually from 1993 to 2016. Corpus uteri and ovarian cancer ASRs in 2016 were 3.5/100,000 and 7.4/100,000, respectively. The age–period–cohort analysis suggests that temporal trends in corpus uteri cancer mortality rates could be attributed to period and cohort effects. Conclusion: A reduction in mortality rate was observed for corpus uteri and ovarian cancer over the entire study period. Similar decreasing pattern for corpus uteri and ovarian cancer mortality indicate effect of shared factors.

scholarly journals Stroke Mortality Attributable to Low Fruit Intake in China: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisha Luo ◽  
Junfeng Jiang ◽  
Chuanhua Yu ◽  
Mingjuan Zhao ◽  
Yunyun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Effective Strategies

Stroke is the first leading cause of death in China, and low fruit intake is suggested to be one of the most important risk factors for stroke mortality. However, the trends of stroke mortality attributable to low fruit intake remain unclear in China. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the long-term trends of stroke mortality attributable to low fruit intake by sex in China during 1990–2017. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study; the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were estimated by joinpoint regression analysis, and the net age, period, and cohort effects were estimated using the age–period–cohort model with an intrinsic estimator algorithm (APC-IE). The crude mortality rates (CMRs) increased for males and decreased for females from 1990 to 2017. The age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for both males and females showed consecutive significant declines from 1990 to 2017. By APC analysis, substantially increasing age effects were presented from 25 to 79 years for both sexes. The independent period and cohort effects progressively decreased during the entire period for both sexes, with a faster decrease for females than for males. Males and elder groups were the high-risk population for stroke mortality caused by low fruit intake. Although the mortality risk showed a decreasing trend, the fruit intake was still low for the Chinese population. Therefore, effective strategies and global awareness are essential to improve the current situation of low fruit intake, thereby preventing and reducing the stroke mortality risk caused by low fruit intake in China.

scholarly journals Trends in Breast Cancer Mortality Between 2001 and 2017: An Observational Study in the European Union and the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
pp. 1682-1693
Author(s):  
Chinmay Jani ◽  
Ingrid Salcicciol ◽  
Arashdeep Rupal ◽  
Omar Al Omari ◽  
Richard Goodall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom

PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, representing 25.4% of the newly diagnosed cases in 2018. The past two decades have seen advancements in screening technologies, guidelines, and newer modalities of treatment. Our study reports and compares trends in breast cancer mortality in the European Union and the United Kingdom. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used the WHO Mortality Database. We extracted breast cancer mortality data from 2001 to 2017 on the basis of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision system. Crude mortality rates were dichotomized by sex and reported by year. We computed age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) per 100,000 population using the world standard population. Breast cancer mortality trends were compared using joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS We analyzed data from 24 EU countries, including the United Kingdom. For women, breast cancer mortality was observed to be downtrending in all countries except Croatia, France, and Poland. For the most recent female data, the highest ASDR for breast cancer was identified in Croatia (19.29 per 100,000), and the lowest ASDR was noted in Spain (12.8 per 100,000). Denmark had the highest change in ASDR and the highest estimated annual percentage change of −3.2%. For men, breast cancer mortality decreased in 18 countries, with the largest relative reduction observed in Denmark with an estimated annual percentage change of −27.5%. For the most recent male data, the highest ASDR for breast cancer was identified in Latvia (0.54 per 100,000). CONCLUSION Breast cancer mortality rates have down trended in most EU countries between 2001 and 2017 for both men and women. Given the observational nature of this study, causality to the observed trends cannot be reliably ascribed. However, possible contributing factors should be considered and subject to further study.

Sunlight, Vitamin D, and Ovarian Cancer Mortality Rates in US Women

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELLEN SCHNEIDER LEFKOWITZ ◽  
CEDRIC F GARLAND
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates

Why have ovarian cancer mortality rates declined? Part I. Incidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Sopik ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
Barry Rosen ◽  
Steven A. Narod
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates

scholarly journals The mapping of ovarian cancer mortality trends in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e5749108828
Author(s):  
Lander dos Santos ◽  
Igor Roszkowski ◽  
Amanda de Carvalho Dutra ◽  
Adriana Cunha Vargas Tomas ◽  
Fernando Castilho Pelloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Treatment Research ◽  
Middle West

Ovarian cancer is the eighth cause of death by cancer in women worldwide. The objective of this study was to analyze trends in the Brazilian ovarian cancer mortality and the relation to age, schooling, and race. Data was collected in the Brazilian Mortality Information System (SIM), from 2006 to 2016. The polynomial regression model was used for the trends analysis, a significant trend was considered when the estimated model obtained a p-value <0.05. Ovarian Cancer caused 34,003 deaths in Brazilian women in this period, the mortality rate (MR) was 0.46 per 100.000 women aged less than 40; 4.2 in women aged between 40 – 59; 12.2 in women aged between 60 – 79 and 19.4 in women 80 years old or more. About Race, 65% were White, others were declared as Black, Asian, Mixed-race, or Indigenous. Only 26% had 8 years or more of schooling. Mortality rates from ovarian cancer seemed to be rising in Brazil, the major increase happened in the South, the Southeast, and the Middle-West Regions. Women aged between 40 to 59 had the most significant increase. Politics are needed to facilitate the Brazilian population's access to health services, consequently minimizing the time to diagnose and start the treatment. Research about mortality rates could help health workers identify gaps in knowledge and consequently decrease the magnitude of the disease.

scholarly journals Trends in Premature Mortality From Acute Myocardial Infarction in the United States, 1999 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourbha S. Dani ◽  
Ahmad N. Lone ◽  
Zulqarnain Javed ◽  
Muhammad S. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zia Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Rural Counties ◽  
Average Annual Percentage Change

Background Evaluating premature (<65 years of age) mortality because of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by demographic and regional characteristics may inform public health interventions. Methods and Results We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s WONDER (Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) death certificate database to examine premature (<65 years of age) age‐adjusted AMI mortality rates per 100 000 and average annual percentage change from 1999 to 2019. Overall, the age‐adjusted AMI mortality rate was 13.4 (95% CI, 13.3–13.5). Middle‐aged adults, men, non‐Hispanic Black adults, and rural counties had higher mortality than young adults, women, NH White adults, and urban counties, respectively. Between 1999 and 2019, the age‐adjusted AMI mortality rate decreased at an average annual percentage change of −3.4 per year (95% CI, −3.6 to −3.3), with the average annual percentage change showing higher decline in age‐adjusted AMI mortality rates among large (−4.2 per year [95% CI, −4.4 to −4.0]), and medium/small metros (−3.3 per year [95% CI, −3.5 to −3.1]) than rural counties (−2.4 per year [95% CI, −2.8 to −1.9]). Age‐adjusted AMI mortality rates >90th percentile were distributed in the Southern states, and those with mortality <10th percentile were clustered in the Western and Northeastern states. After an initial decline between 1999 and 2011 (−4.3 per year [95% CI, −4.6 to −4.1]), the average annual percentage change showed deceleration in mortality since 2011 (−2.1 per year [95% CI, −2.4 to −1.8]). These trends were consistent across both sexes, all ethnicities and races, and urban/rural counties. Conclusions During the past 20 years, decline in premature AMI mortality has slowed down in the United States since 2011, with considerable heterogeneity across demographic groups, states, and urbanicity. Systemic efforts are mandated to address cardiovascular health disparities and outcomes among nonelderly adults.

scholarly journals Reversal of Upward Trends in Mortality During the Great Recession by Employment Status at Baseline in a National Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (11) ◽  
pp. 2004-2012
Author(s):  
Enrique Regidor ◽  
Elena Ronda ◽  
José A Tapia Granados ◽  
José Pulido ◽  
Luis de la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Economic Recessions ◽  
Employed Women ◽  
The Unemployed

Abstract Because of the healthy worker effect, mortality rates increased in individuals who were employed and those who were unemployed, and decreased in those economically inactive at baseline in reported studies. To determine if such trends continue during economic recessions, we analyzed mortality rates in Spain before and during the Great Recession in these subgroups. We included 21,933,351 individuals who were employed, unemployed, or inactive in November 2001 and aged 30–64 years in each calendar-year of follow-up (2002–2011). Annual age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated in each group. The annual percentage change in mortality rates adjusted for age and educational level in employed and unemployed persons were also calculated for 2002–2007 and 2008–2011. In employed and unemployed men, mortality rates increased until 2007 and then declined, whereas in employed and unemployed women, mortality rates increased and then stabilized during 2008–2011. The mortality rate among inactive men and women decreased throughout the follow-up. In the employed and the unemployed, the annual percentage change was reversed during 2008–2011 compared with 2002–2007 (−1.2 vs. 3.2 in employed men; −0.3 vs. 4.1 in employed women; −0.8 vs. 2.9 in unemployed men; and −0.6 vs. 1.3 in unemployed women). The upward trends in mortality rates among individuals who were employed or unemployed in 2001 were reversed during the Great Recession (2008–2011).

scholarly journals Declining Second Primary Ovarian Cancer After First Primary Breast Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 738-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara J. Schonfeld ◽  
Amy Berrington de Gonzalez ◽  
Kala Visvanathan ◽  
Ruth M. Pfeiffer ◽  
William F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Primary Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Entire Study Period ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Primary Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Er Expression

Purpose Although ovarian cancer incidence rates have declined in the United States, less is known of ovarian cancer trends among survivors of breast cancer. Therefore, we examined second primary ovarian cancers after first primary breast cancer. Methods Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (1973 to 2008). Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated as the observed numbers of ovarian cancers among survivors of breast cancer compared with the expected numbers in the general population. Absolute rates were measured as the incidence rates for second primary ovarian cancer by year of diagnosis of the first primary breast cancer adjusted for age of breast cancer diagnosis and years since diagnosis. Results SIRs for second primary ovarian cancer were elevated over the entire study period (SIR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.3), whereas the absolute rates declined with an estimated annual percentage change near 1% (−1.34% to −0.09% per year). Secular trends for second ovarian cancers were similar after estrogen receptor (ER) –positive and ER-negative breast cancers, whereas the age-specific patterns varied significantly by ER expression (P for interaction < .001). The largest SIR was among women age less than 50 years with ER-negative breast cancer (SIR, 4.35; 95% CI, 3.5 to 5.4). Conclusion Persistently elevated SIRs along with decreasing absolute rates over the entire study period suggest that ovarian cancers in both the general population and survivors of breast cancer are declining in parallel, possibly because of common risk factor exposures. Analytic studies are needed to further assess the parallel overall trends and the age-specific interaction by ER expression.

scholarly journals Incidence and mortality rates in breast, corpus uteri, and ovarian cancers in Poland (1980–2013): an analysis of population-based data in relation to socio-economic changes

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 9 ◽  
pp. 5521-5530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Czerw ◽  
Tomasz Banas ◽  
Grzegorz Juszczyk ◽  
Kazimierz Pitynski ◽  
Dorota Nieweglowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Prediction of Mortality of Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease in China: A Modeling Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Wu ◽  
Jianqiang Du ◽  
Linchang Li ◽  
Wangnan Cao ◽  
Shengzhi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

BackgroundThe burden of type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD) continues to rise in China. We analyzed time trends in DKD mortality and associations with age, period, and birth cohort from 1990 to 2019, made projections up to 2030, and examined the drivers of deaths from DKD.Methods and FindingsThe number of DKD deaths in China from 1990 to 2019 was obtained from the GBD 2019. We used age-period-cohort modeling to estimate age, period, and cohort effects in DKD mortality between 1990 and 2019. We calculated net drift (overall annual percentage change), local drift (annual percentage change in each age group), longitudinal age curves (expected longitudinal age-specific rates), period, and cohort relative risks. We used Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis with integrated nested Laplace approximations to project future age-specific DKD death cases from 2020 to 2030. We used a validated decomposition algorithm to attribute changes in DKD deaths to population growth, population aging, and epidemiologic changes from 1990 to 2030. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate of DKD in China was relatively stable, but the absolute number of DKD deaths showed a noticeable increasing trend. The overall annual percentage change (net drift) was -0.75% (95% confidence interval, CI: -0.93 to -0.57) for males and -1.90% (95% CI, -2.19 to -1.62) for females. The age-specific annual percentage changes (local drifts) were below zero in all age groups from 1990 to 2019 except for males aged above 65 to 69 years, and for females aged above 70 to 74 years. The risk of DKD deaths increased exponentially with age for both sexes after controlling for period deviations. The Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis projects that there would be 88,803 deaths from DKD in 2030, increased by 224.2% from 1990. Despite a decrease in age-specific DKD death rates, the reduction would be entirely offset by population aging.ConclusionsAlthough China has made progress in reducing DKD deaths, demographic changes have entirely offset the progress. The burden of DKD deaths is likely to continue increasing. Our findings suggest that large-scale screening is imperative for DKD control and prevention, particularly for high-risk groups.

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