scholarly journals Contemporary Aspects of Burn Care

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Arij El Khatib ◽  
Marc G. Jeschke
Keyword(s):  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Topical Antibiotic ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
The Past ◽  
Burn Resuscitation

The past one hundred years have seen tremendous improvements in burn care, allowing for decreased morbidity and mortality of this pathology. The more prominent advancements occurred in the period spanning 1930–1980; notably burn resuscitation, early tangential excision, and use of topical antibiotic dressings; and are well documented in burn literature. This article explores the advancements of the past 40 years and the areas of burn management that are presently topics of active discussion and research.

The Past, Present, and Future of Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention in Pediatrics: Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (S1) ◽  
pp. S27-S31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina A. Bryant ◽  
Danielle M. Zerr ◽  
W. Charles Huskins ◽  
Aaron M. Milstone
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Current Practices

Central line–associated bloodstream infections cause morbidity and mortality in children. We explore the evidence for prevention of central line–associated bloodstream infections in children, assess current practices, and propose research topics to improve prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
J.A. Wils
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Usa

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with approximately 300,000 new cases and 200,000 related deaths in Europe and the USA each year. Adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer is now widely accepted and can reduce mortality with approximately 10%. This can be considered as one of the major achievements in oncology from the past decade. Current results will be discussed and strategies for the future will be outlined, including on-going or planned large-scale trials with new drugs and approaches.

IMMUNIZATION ACTION MONTH, OCTOBER 1973

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-484
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Major Aspect ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Childhood Morbidity

The pediatrician has always been among those physicians most sensitive and attentive to the principles and practice of preventive medicine. For the past three decades immunization against infectious diseases has constituted a major aspect of his activities. Many of the vaccines utilized today are the products of research and of investigators fostered by pediatric institutions. The success of these immunizing agents has had profound, beneficial effects on childhood morbidity and mortality. This same success has enabled the pediatrician in his practice and in his research to focus greater energies on many of the other challenges to the health of infants and children.

Measles (Rubeola) and Rubella: (1) Dangers of the Layman's Confusion (2) Mass Measles Immunization

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-978
Author(s):  
Norman Lewak
Keyword(s):  
Medical Profession ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mass Immunization ◽  
Immunization Campaign

The apathy of the public (including the medical profession) in regard to the fact that measles can be a dangerous disease has been a concern of mine for the past few years (Pediatrics, 34:438, 1964). Because of that apathy, a mass immunization campaign never occurred and we had unnecessary morbidity and mortality. Routine immunization is now with us; the incidence of measles has finally declined. But the apathy has continued, and since immunity is far from universal, new epidemics are being forecast.

Geriatric assessment of older adults with cancer: Baseline data from a 500 patient multicenter study

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9546-9546 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hurria ◽  
S. Mohile ◽  
S. Lichtman ◽  
C. Owusu ◽  
H. Klepin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stage Iv Disease ◽  
Oncology Practice ◽  
Practice Methods ◽  
Tumor Types

9546 Background: As the cancer population ages, a brief, comprehensive measure is needed to characterize the “functional age” of a patient, in order to optimize treatment decisions and evaluate outcomes based on factors other than chronological age. A geriatric assessment (GA) evaluates factors other than age that predict morbidity and mortality in older adults. The goals of this study are to describe the results of a GA performed in 500 older adults with cancer from 7 participating institutions and to evaluate the feasibility of completing this assessment in oncology practice. Methods: The GA is comprised of validated measures of functional status, comorbidity, cognition, psychological status, social functioning and support, and nutritional status (Hurria et al, Cancer 2005). The GA was completed prior to the start of a new chemotherapy regimen in patients age ≥ 65 with a solid tumor or lymphoma. Results: 500 patients (mean age 73; range 65–91) completed the GA. The most common tumor types were lung (29%), GI (29%) and breast/gyn (22%) cancer; 57% had stage IV disease. The GA revealed that 41% of patients needed assistance with instrumental activities of daily living despite a mean physician-reported KPS of 85 (range 50–100), 92% had ≥1 comorbid medical conditions (mean 2.5; range 0–9), 95% took ≥ 1 medications (mean 5; range 0–23), 16% had ≥ 1 falls in the past 6 months, 6% had gross cognitive impairment on the Blessed Orientation-Memory-Concentration Test, and 39% had > 5% weight loss in the past 6 months. The mean time to complete the GA was 27 minutes (range 10–80); 94% were satisfied with the GA length and 70% were able to complete the GA without assistance. Multivariate logistic regression identified the following sociodemiographic and disease variables predict the need for assistance with completion of the GA: age ≥ 80 (p=0.02), high school education or less (p<0.01), non-white race (p<0.01), and the presence of metastatic disease (p=0.01). Conclusions: This brief GA is largely self-administered, can be completed by the majority of older patients without assistance, and identifies important deficits and problems that may impact morbidity and mortality. Prospective data are being acquired to identify factors in the GA that predict chemotherapy toxicity in older adults with cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Management of the Patient with Thermal Injuries

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mosier ◽  
Nicole S. Gibran
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Burn Resuscitation ◽  
Burn Patient

Optimal care of the burn patient requires not only specialized equipment but also, more importantly, a team of dedicated surgeons, nurses, therapists, nutritionists, pharmacists, social workers, psychologists, and operating room staff. Burn care was one of the first specialties to adopt a multidisciplinary approach, and over the past 30 years, burn centers have decreased burn mortality by coordinating prehospital patient management, resuscitation methods, and surgical and critical care of patients with major burns. This review covers where to treat burn patients, fluid management, airway management, temperature regulation, airway control, nutrition, anemia, pain management, deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, and putting it all together: an algorithmic approach to early care of the burn-injured patient. Figures show that the size of a burn can be estimated by means of the Rule of Nines, which assigns percentages of total body surface to the head, the extremities, and the front and back of the torso, the approach to the burn patient in the first 24 hours, and the approach to the burn patient during the second to fifth days after burn injury. Tables list American Burn Association criteria for burn injuries that warrant referral to a burn unit, criteria for outpatient management of burn patients, acute physiologic changes during burn resuscitation, acute biochemical and hematologic changes during burn resuscitation, measures of pulmonary function, mechanisms of pulmonary dysfunction and indications for mechanical ventilation, clinical manifestations of carbon monoxide poisoning, half-life of carbon monoxide–hemoglobin bonds with inhalation therapy, increased acute kidney injury in patients treated with hydroxocobalamin for suspected inhalation injury, clinical findings associated with specific inhaled products of combustion, bronchoscopic criteria used to grade inhalation injury, and formulas for estimating caloric needs in burn patients. This review contains 3 highly rendered figures, 12 tables, and 134 references

Present-day G-6-PD deficit in Sardinia with respect to malarial morbidity and mortality in the past

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
E. Sanna ◽  
R. Bruno ◽  
G. G. Cosseddu ◽  
G. Floris ◽  
A. Salis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The Past

811 Comparison of an Enzymatic Debrider with Antibiotic Ointment in the Outpatient Care of Minor Partial Thickness Burns

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S244-S245
Author(s):  
Suzanne Mitchell ◽  
Dhaval Bhavsar ◽  
Jessica Reynolds ◽  
Jessica Jones ◽  
Julia M Pena
Keyword(s):  
Wound Closure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Topical Antibiotic ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Partial Thickness ◽  
Partial Thickness Burn ◽  
Partial Thickness Burns ◽  
Antibiotic Ointment

Abstract Introduction In the U.S. about 450,000 people per year receive medical burn care through hospital emergency departments, hospital outpatient clinics, free-standing urgent care centers and private physician offices. Burns are generally classified in terms of depth and severity. Outpatient management of partial thickness burns normally involves the application of an ointment, which may contain an antibiotic and is widely used in burn care. This clinical study has been designed to prospectively evaluate potential benefits of an enzymatic debrider in partial thickness burn wounds compared to antibiotic only treatment. The primary purpose of this study is to compare an enzymatic debrider with a topical antibiotic ointment in the proportion healed at 3 weeks after initiation of treatment, and time to healing (in weeks). Methods A convenience sample of 20 subjects, aged 19–56, with an acute thermal burn injury less than 72 hours old, and less than 10% TBSA were randomly assigned to outpatient treatment with an enzymatic debrider or a topical antibiotic. The proportion of subjects healed after 3 weeks of treatment was analyzed using ANOVA. In addition, a t-test comparison between the enzymatic debrider and the topical antibiotic was performed. Results For partial thickness burns, the mean time to heal using an enzymatic debrider was 18 days compared to 28 days for the topical antibiotic. However, there was no statistical significance in burn wound closure between subjects receiving an enzymatic debrider compared to a topical antibiotic, t (13) = .677; p = .510. An analysis of variance comparing an enzymatic debrider and a topical antibiotic also showed no statistical significance in time to heal (F=.849, p=374). Conclusions Due to the small sample size, the results from this study do not support the use of an enzymatic debrider versus a topical antibiotic in treating partial thickness burn injuries to advance wound closure or shorten time to heal. The results of this study show clinical significance, with burn wounds healed in 18 days when an enzymatic debrider was used compared to 28 days when a topical antibiotic was used. The lack of statistical significance was due to an under-powered study. Furthermore, partial thickness burns should spontaneously heal within 7–14 days, regardless of the topical treatment, excluding concomitant co-morbidities. Applicability of Research to Practice Continued research is necessary, employing larger sample sizes to adequately compare the use of an enzymatic debrider compared to topical antibiotics in deep partial thickness burn wounds. In addition, outpatient management of deep thickness and full-thickness burn injuries, utilizing sharp debridement in conjunction with enzymatic debridement, in patients who decline surgical treatment of burn wounds should be explored, analyzing time to heal, scar evaluation, and cost analysis,

scholarly journals How To Become a Top Model: Impact of Animal Experimentation on Human Salmonella Disease Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 1806-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée M. Tsolis ◽  
Mariana N. Xavier ◽  
Renato L. Santos ◽  
Andreas J. Bäumler
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Work

ABSTRACTSalmonellaserotypes are a major cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the past decades, a series of animal models have been developed to advance vaccine development, provide insights into immunity to infection, and study the pathogenesis of humanSalmonelladisease. The successive introduction of new animal models, each suited to interrogate previously neglected aspects ofSalmonelladisease, has ushered in important conceptual advances that continue to have a strong and sustained influence on the ideas driving research onSalmonellaserotypes. This article reviews important milestones in the use of animal models to study humanSalmonelladisease and identify research needs to guide future work.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document