scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolution of Mg-Gd Alloy during Aging Treatment

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Xuechao Sha ◽  
Mengning Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Elliptic Cylinder ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Blocking Effect ◽  
Strengthening Mechanisms ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Transition Mechanism ◽  
Orowan Mechanism

Rare-earth-containing Mg alloys are a group of widely investigated alloys due to the disperse nano-sized precipitations formed during heat treatment. The underlying formation and strengthening mechanisms of precipitation is critical for their industrial applications. In this work, we systematically studied the evolution of precipitations in a Mg-10Gd alloy, based on the atomic-scaled TEM and HAADF-STEM observations. Especially, the in-depth transition mechanism from G.P. Zone to β”, β’, βT and βM is proposed, as well as their relationships with mechanical properties. It is found that blocking effect of precipitations improves the strength significantly, according to the Orowan mechanism. The elliptic cylinder shaped β’ phase, with a base-centered orthorhombic lattice structure, provides significant strengthening effects, which enhance the hardness and ultimate tensile strength from 72 HV and 170 MPa to 120 HV and 300 MPa.

scholarly journals Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of AZ80 Mg Alloy during Annular Channel Angular Extrusion Process and Heat Treatment

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhao ◽  
Shuchang Li ◽  
Fafa Yan ◽  
Zhimin Zhang ◽  
Yaojin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Annular Channel ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Angular Extrusion

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of AZ80 Mg alloy during annular channel angular extrusion (350 °C) and heat treatment with varying parameters were investigated, respectively. The results showed that dynamic recrystallization of Mg grains was developed and the dendritic eutectic β-Mg17Al12 phases formed during the solidification were broken into small β-phase particles after hot extrusion. Moreover, a weak texture with two dominant peaks formed owing to the significant grain refinement and the enhanced activation of pyramidal <c + a> slip at relative high temperature. The tension tests showed that both the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the extruded alloy were dramatically improved owing to the joint strengthening effect of fine grain and β-phase particles as compared with the homogenized sample. The solution treatment achieved the good plasticity of the alloy resulting from the dissolution of β-phases and the development of more equiaxed grains, while the direct-aging process led to poor alloy elongation as a result of residual eutectic β-phases. After solution and aging treatment, simultaneous bonding strength and plasticity of the alloy were achieved, as a consequence of dissolution of coarse eutectic β-phases and heterogeneous precipitation of a large quantity of newly formed β-phases with both the morphologies of continuous and discontinuous precipitates.

Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of Cast Beta-Type Titanium Alloy by Aging Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 929 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Zuldesmi Mansjur ◽  
Hendro Maxwel Sumual
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Precision Casting ◽  
Β Phase

Beta type Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy (TNTZ) is one of the titanium alloys which have gained much attention in dental applications. Dental precision casting is predominant for fabricating dental prostheses. However, there is a possibility for the mechanical properties of its casting to be degraded because of a α case, shrinkages and pores and a dendrite structure. One of the ways to enhance their mechanical properties is heat treatment process. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of aging treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of TNTZ cast into magnesia based mold in order to improve its mechanical properties. As results, the Vickers hardness of the cast TNTZ after solution treatment is larger than that of the wrought TNTZ. The aging curve of the cast and the wrought TNTZ at an aging temperature of 673 K and 723 K exhibit almost similar pattern. For each aging time, the higher the aging temperature, the smaller the Vickers hardness for both alloys. Microstructures of cast TNTZ at various aging conditions consist of a dendritic structure and the average diameters of their grain size are around 40 μm. The diffraction peaks of precipitation of α and β phase s are detected in under aging (UA), peak aging (PA) and over aging (OA) conditions for both aging temperatures. However, the diffraction peak of ω phase is observed only in OA condition for cast TNTZ at aging temperature of 673 K. The highest tensile strength of the cast TNTZ and the wrought TNTZ at both aging temperatures are in PA condition and the elongation decrease continuously by increasing aging time. The tensile strengths of cast TNTZ in UA, PA and OA conditions at an aging temperature of 723 K are lower and their elongations are higher in comparison with those of 673 K. The high oxygen content seems to contribute to the poor elongation. SEM fractographs of the cast TNTZ at aging temperatures of 673 and 723 K in UA, PA and OA conditions show the brittle morphology with intergranular fracture that increases with increasing of aging time.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior with Increasing Lanthanum Content in AZ91 Alloy

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1256
Author(s):  
Di Tie ◽  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Renguo Guan ◽  
Minfang Chen ◽  
Jufu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Az91 Alloy ◽  
Refined Microstructure ◽  
Lanthanum Content ◽  
Cast Alloys ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure ◽  
Strength And Ductility

AZ91 alloy is a widely applied commercial magnesium alloy due to its good castability, balanced mechanical properties and acceptable price, and lanthanum alloying has been proven to be one of the most effective methods to further improve its mechanical properties. Therefore, we reveal the evolution of microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture behavior with increasing lanthanum content in AZ91 alloy in this study. The magnesium matrix was significantly refined by lanthanum content, and this effect became more evident with increasing addition of lanthanum. The presence of Al3La precipitates significantly reduced the grain mobility and suppressed the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates along the grain boundaries. The rheo-cast alloys exhibited improved and balanced tensile strength and ductility after aging treatment. The fracture type of AZ91-La alloys could be classified as ductile fracture due to the presence of less quasi-cleavage planes and more dimples with a mixture of tear ridges and micropores. Due to the fully refined microstructure and the balanced mechanical properties, the AZ91–1.0La (mass%) alloy presented the greatest potential for industrial applications among the three studied AZ91-La alloys.

scholarly journals Effects of solution and aging treatment parameters on the microstructure evolution of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 501-509
Author(s):  
Wan-Liang Zhang ◽  
Wen-Tao Hao ◽  
Wei Xiong ◽  
Guo-Zheng Quan ◽  
Jiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Aging Conditions

AbstractThe solution-aging treatment parameters, including solution temperature, cooling rate and aging temperature, have significant influences on the microstructures and comprehensive mechanical properties of titanium alloy. In this work, the detailed microevolution behaviors of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy under different solution and aging conditions have been investigated through a series of heat-treatment experiments. The results of solution-treatment experiments reveal that the content of αp-phase is reduced to zero as the solution temperature is raised to a certain α → β critical transformation point. Recrystallized β-grains can be observed at the solution temperature of 820°C. In addition, the cooling way (air cooling or water cooling) has little influence on the microevolution behaviors for this alloy during the solution-treatment process. As for the solution-aging-treatment experiments, the results reveal that αs-phases are precipitated from the supersaturated β-phase, and the fraction of αs-phase increases with increasing aging temperature. However, the precipitated α-grains intend to coalesce and coarsen as the aging temperature raises above 510°C. Therefore, the advocated solution-aging-treatment program is solution treatment at 820°C with air cooling followed by aging treatment at 510°C with air cooling.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Secondary Aging Treatment Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Surface Glossiness Pada Aluminium Paduan 7003

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Ramli Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Oxidation Layer ◽  
Hardness Tester

As technology advances and the quality of life improves, there is a deep need that requires of aluminium alloy that bears high strength, high toughness, high surface glossiness, anti-corrosion, and high fatigue resistivity [2]. This study aims to investigate the effects of secondary aging treatment on the mechanical properties and Surface Glossiness of the 7003 aluminium alloy by using several equipment, including: confocal laser microscope, white light interferometer, gloss meter, micro Vickers hardness tester and tensile test machine. This research was conducted by experimental method by giving treatment on the aluminium alloy 7003 with some treatments, there are: aging treatment at 100˚C for 5 hours and then secondary aging treatment at several different temperatures at 150˚C, 175˚C and 200˚C for 9 hours respectively. Based on our experimental results, it obtained: After being aged at 100 ℃ for 5 hours and then secondary aged at 175℃ for 9 hours, the 7003 aluminium alloy obtained excellent mechanical properties, which can achieve the industrial requirements of Yield strength 320 MPa and Elongation 13% for 3C mobile phone products. The 7003 aluminium alloy after being anodizing treated could obtain excellent Surface Glossiness and oxidation layer. The present aluminium alloy can achieve Surface Glossiness better than 1200 GU and the thickness of oxidation layer exceed 10μm, which were suitable for 3C industrial applications.

HRTEM Analysis of Aging Electrolytic Low-Ti Al Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 1015-1020
Author(s):  
Wen Yan Wang ◽  
Jing Pei Xie ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhong Xia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Mg2si Phase ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Precipitated Phases

Electronic tensile testing, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer and high resolution transmission microscope were employed to investigate the mechanical properties, microstructure, tensile fracture and morphology of the precipitated phases of an electrolytic low-titanium wrought 6009 aluminum alloy. Results showed that the mechanical properties of the electrolytic aluminum sheet were improved by solid solution treatment incorporating with pre-aging treatment. The tensile strength and extensibility were enhanced by a factor of 23% and 38% by pre-aging treatment at 150 °C for 5 minutes respectively; a large quantity of nucleation sites of β˝ phase were generated by pre-aging treatment, which was propitious to the transformation from solid solution state to GP zone, and the stable size of GP zone formed during the pre-aging process promoted the precipitation of Mg2Si phase. The Mg2Si phase was revealed by HRTEM and the crystalline stripes were obtained by Fourier transformation.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Dynamic Behavior of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Jin Liu ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Hua Xiang Dai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Α Phase

Microstructure evolution and compression property of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al titanium alloy were studied in this paper. Solution treatments were performed at temperature ranging from 710°C to 830°C and some followed by aging treatment. Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloys with α+β phase show higher mechanical properties compared with single β phase alloy. With the increase of solution temperature, the content of equiaxed α phase decrease. Consequently, the strength of the alloy increases while the plasticity drops down. The highest yield strength value of 1668 MPa was obtained in the sample treated by 770°C solution treated for 2 hours then water quenched and followed by 520°C aging for 8 hours then air cooled. The stress induced martensite α'' phase appeared after SHPB dynamic compression in the sample solution treated at 830°C.

scholarly journals Effect of Aging and Deformation Treatments on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum AA-6063

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 158-168
Author(s):  
Alcántara Alza Víctor
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Deformation Degree ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Complete Recrystallization ◽  
Hardness Values

How the parameters of artificial aging heat treatments, in AA 6063 aluminum samples, previously solubilized and deformed in cold, influence on the mechanical properties of hardness and traction was investigated. The experiments followed the sequence: First, the solubilization treatment was carried out for 2h using prismatic specimens of 10mm thickness; then the samples were cold deformed with area reductions: 30% -60% -80%. Finally, the aging treatment was carried out on all samples, using temperatures: 150-250-350-450 °C, and holding times: 1-10-30-60-90-120 min. After aging the samples were machined according to the standards. The hardness was measured on the Vickers scale (HV) and the tensile tests followed the ASTM E 8M-95ª standard. Microscopy was performed at the optical and Electronic SEM level, complemented with an EDS analysis. It was found that the highest hardness values occur at 150 °C. The yield point YS increases as decreasing aging temperature, and decreases whith increasing deformation degree. The mechanical strength UTS increases as decreasing temperature and increasing whith deformation degree. Regarding the mechanical properties of traction, the optimal condition is found for the samples deformed at 80% and aged at 250 °C, presenting a (UTS) of 193 MPa, and 15% elongation. The samples with 80% reduction, aged at 450 °C for 120 min are those with the best recrystallization index. It would take a time greater than 120 min for the grains to thicken and the precipitates completely disappear to reach complete recrystallization. EDS analysis indicates the presence of Mg2Si precipitates and the β phase.

scholarly journals Effect of Direct Powder Forging Process on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructural of Ti-6Al-4V ELI

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4499
Author(s):  
Sébastien Germain Careau ◽  
Bernard Tougas ◽  
Elena Ulate-Kolitsky
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Powder ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Thermomechanical Process ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Open Die Forging ◽  
Promising Avenue ◽  
Large Spherical

The study of powder metallurgy processing methods for titanium represents a promising avenue that can respond to a growing demand. This work reports the feasibility of direct powder forging (DPF) as a method to process large spherical Ti-6Al-4V powder into wrought products with noteworthy properties and physical characteristics. Direct powder forging is a thermomechanical process that imparts uniaxial loading to an enclosed and uncompacted powder to produce parts of various sizes and shapes. Stainless steel canisters were filled with prealloyed Ti-6Al-4V powder and consolidated through a multi-step open-die forging and rolling process into wrought DPF bars. After DPF, annealing was performed in the upper α+β phase. The results show that full consolidation was achieved and higher mechanical properties than the Ti-6Al-4V grade F-23 requirements in annealed conditions were obtained. The results also show that direct powder forging of spherical titanium powder could produce wrought mill products and exhibit some potential for further investigation for industrial applications.

Comparison of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-3573 and Ti-3873 Alloys after Cold Rolling and Aging Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1026 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Wen Hao Cai ◽  
Zhuang Li ◽  
Kun Qi Lv ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

The novel titanium alloys were investigated in this article. The Ti-3573 and Ti-3873 titanium alloys were cold rolled and aged for different times at 650°C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples were observed and measured, respectively. The results show that the mechanical properties of Ti-3873 alloys were better than those of Ti-3573 alloys. The cold rolling accelerated the α phase precipitation effectively. Stress-induced martensitic transformation was observed in both titanium alloys after cold rolling and aging treatment. Better aging strengthening effect can be obtained for the Ti-3873 titanium alloy which contains more molybdenum element, it is attributed to the role of Mo as β phase stable elemen. The tensile strength of Ti-3873 titanium alloy after aging for 3h reached the maximum value (1314MPa).

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