scholarly journals Research on the Friction Stir Welding of Sc-Modified AA2519 Extrusion

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kosturek ◽  
Lucjan Śnieżek ◽  
Janusz Torzewski ◽  
Marcin Wachowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Treated Condition ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Heat Treated Condition ◽  
Fsw Parameters

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of Sc-modified AA2519 extrusion joints. The workpiece was welded by FSW in non-heat-treated condition with seven different sets of welding parameters. For each obtained joint macrostructure and microstructure observations were performed. Mechanical properties of joints were investigated using tensile test together with localization of fracture location. Joint efficiencies were established by comparing measured joints tensile strength to the value for base material. The obtained results show that investigated FSW joints of Sc-modified AA2519 in the non-heat-treated condition have joint efficiency within the range 87–95%. In the joints obtained with the lowest ratio of the tool rotation speed to the tool traverse speed, the occurrence of imperfections (voids) localized in the stir zone was reported. Three selected samples were subjected to further investigations consisting microhardness distribution and scanning electron microscopy fractography analysis. As the result of dynamic recrystallization, the microhardness of the base material value of 86 HV0.1 increased to about 110–125 HV0.1 in the stir zone depending on the used welding parameters. Due to lack of the strengthening phase and low strain hardening of used alloy the lack of a significantly softened zone was reported by both microhardness analysis and investigation of the fractured samples.

Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Lap Jointed Ni Base Superalloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 481-485
Author(s):  
Kuk Hyun Song ◽  
Kazuhiro Nakata
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Inconel 600 ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Average Grain Size

This study evaluated the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded lap joints. Inconel 600 and SS 400 as experimental materials were selected, and friction stir welding was carried out at tool rotation speed of 200 rpm and welding speed of 100 mm/min. Applying the friction stir welding was notably effective to reduce the grain size of the stir zone, as a result, the average grain size of Inconel 600 was reduced from 20 μm in the base material to 8.5 μm in the stir zone. Joint interface between Inconel 600 and SS 400 showed a sound weld without voids and cracks. Also, the hook, along the Inconel 600 alloy from SS 400, was formed at advancing side, which directly affected an increase in peel strength. In this study, we systematically discussed the evolution on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir lap jointed Inconel 600 and SS 400.

Effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welded brass joints

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
İnan Geçmen ◽  
Zarif Çatalgöl ◽  
Mustafa Kemal Bilici
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Tool Rotation

Friction stir welding is a method developed for the welding of high-alloy aluminum materials which are difficult to combine with conventional welding methods. Friction stir welding of MS 63 (brass) plates used different tools (tapered cylindrical, tapered threaded cylindrical), tool rotational speeds (1040, 1500, 2080 rpm) and traverse speeds (30,45,75,113 mm.min−1). Tensile, bending, radiography and microstructure tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of brass plates joined by friction stir welding technique. Microstructure characterization studies were based on optical microscope and SEM analysis techniques. In addition, after joining operations, radiographs were taken to see the internal structure failure. Brass sheets were successfully joined to the forehead in the macrostructure study. In the evaluation of the microstructure, it was determined that there were four regions of base metal, thermomechanically affected zone (TMEB), heat-affected zone (HAZ) and stir zone. In both welding tools, the weld strength increased with increasing tool rotation speed. The particles in the stir zone are reduced by increasing of the tool rotation speed. Given the strength and % elongation values, the highest weld strength was achieved with tapered pin tool with a tool rotation speed of 1040 rpm and a tool feed speed of 113 min−1.

Effects of welding speeds on the microstructural and mechanical properties of AZ91D Mg alloy by friction stir welding

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagabhushan Kumar Kadigithala ◽  
Vanitha C
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Az91d Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Transverse Tensile

PurposeThe main purpose of the present work is to evaluate, the microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded plates of AZ91D magnesium alloy with 3 mm thickness, and to determine the optimum range of welding conditions.Design/methodology/approachMicrostructure and fractographic studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Vickers micro hardness test was performed to evaluate the hardness profile in the region of the weld area. The phases in the material were confirmed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Transverse tensile tests were conducted using universal testing machine (UTM) to examine the joint strength of the weldments at different parameters.FindingsMetallographic studies revealed that each zone shown different lineaments depending on the mechanical and thermal conditions. Significant improvement in the hardness was observed between the base material and weldments. Transverse tensile test results of weldments had shown almost similar strength that of base material regardless of welding speed. Fractographic examination indicated that the welded specimens failed due to brittle mode fracture. Through these studies it was confirmed that friction stir welding (FSW) can be used for the welding of AZ91D magnesium alloy.Research limitations/implicationsIn the present study, the welding speed varied from 25 mm/min to 75 mm/min, tilt angle varied from 1.5° to 2.5° and constant rotational speed of 500 rpm.Practical implicationsMagnesium and aluminum based alloys which are having high strength and low density, used in automotive and aerospace applications can be successfully joined using FSW technique. The fusion welding defects can be eliminated by adopting this technique.Originality/valueLimited work had been carried out on the FSW of magnesium based alloys over aluminum based alloys. Furthermore, this paper analyses the influence of welding parameters over the microstructural and mechanical properties.

Influence of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of EN AW-7075 Weld Joints

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Máté Nagy ◽  
Mária Behúlová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Weld Joints ◽  
Welding Processes

The paper deals with the friction stir welding (FSW) of the high strength EN AW 7075-T651 aluminium alloy with the aim to analyze the influence of welding parameters on the mechanical properties of Al-weld joints. FSW represents relatively novel solid-state technology of material joining which can be successfully applied for welding of several metallic alloys including the high-strength aluminium alloys that are hard to weld by conventional fusion welding processes. In cooperation with VÚZ - PI SR Bratislava, nine experimental weld joints of samples with dimensions of 300 × 150 × 10 mm were prepared using the welding machine of the FSW-LM-060 type and different parameters of welding – the welding speed from 60 to 120 mm/min and the tool rotation rate from 600 to 1000 rpm in clockwise direction. The quality of weld joints was evaluated by static tensile tests and micro-hardness measurements. According to obtained results of tensile testing, the average values of ultimate strength of weld joints are by 32.2 % lower comparing with the ultimate strength of the base material. On the other hand, the ductility increased by 7.2 %. The highest micro-hardness of weld joints at the level of 129 HV was measured in thermo-mechanically affected zone on the retreating side.

Effect of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of Welded 5083 Aluminium Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 5055-5063
Author(s):  
Lixin Hao ◽  
Ruiling Jia ◽  
Xiwei Zhai ◽  
Huixia Zhang ◽  
Jian Hou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fsw Parameters

The friction stir welding (FSW) parameters were designed in this study by orthogonal experimental method. The microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of corresponding FSW joints of 5083 aluminium alloy (AA5083) were also investigated. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) was employed to study local potential differences on the FSW joint. Results showed that the welding parameters greatly influenced the FSW joint properties of the AA5083. The ratio of rotation speed to welding speed (n/v) mainly affected the mechanical properties of the joint. The tensile strength for the joint was reduced when welded with too large or too small n/v. The hardness of all FSW joints was characterized with similar ‘W-shaped,’ and minimum hardness value appeared on advancing side of the heat affected zone. Different heat input and agitation intensity caused heterogeneous microstructure for the AA5083 FSW joint, which led to differences in passivation properties of weld nugget zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone and heat-affected zone. Susceptibility of the AA5083 FSW joint to pitting corrosion was attributed to the difference of relative potential between the intermetallic phase and Al matrix.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties at the Unsteady Areas of Non-Linear Friction Stir Welding

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 1059-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Takahara ◽  
Masato Tsujikawa ◽  
Sung Wook Chung ◽  
Y. Okawa ◽  
Kenji Higashi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Parameter ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Friction ◽  
Fsw Parameters ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Welding Direction

The influence of tool control in non-linear friction stir welding (FSW) on mechanical properties of joints was investigated. FSW is widely applied to linear joints. It is impossible for five axis FSW machines, however, to keep all the FSW parameters in optimum conditions at non-linear welding. Non-linear FSW joints should be made by compromise with the order of priority for FSW parameters. The tensile test results of butt joints with rectangular change in welding direction on plate plane (L-shaped butt joints) with various welding parameter change. It was found that turn to the retreating side is encouraged when welding direction change. And the method of zero inclination tool angle is effective at non-linear and plane welding.

scholarly journals The Effect of Vibration during Friction Stir Welding on Corrosion Behavior, Mechanical Properties, and Machining Characteristics of Stir Zone

Metals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Fouladi ◽  
Amir Ghasemi ◽  
Mahmoud Abbasi ◽  
Morteza Abedini ◽  
Amir Khorasani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Machining Characteristics

Effect of plasma preheating on weld quality and tool life during friction stir welding of DH36 steel

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440542199013
Author(s):  
Avinish Tiwari ◽  
Pardeep Pankaj ◽  
Saurav Suman ◽  
Piyush Singh ◽  
Pankaj Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Allotriomorphic Ferrite ◽  
Fsw Parameters

Friction stir welding (FSW) of high strength materials is challenging due to high tool cost and low tool life. To address this issue, the present investigation deals with an alternative of plasma-assisted friction stir welding (PFSW) of DH36 steel with WC-10%Co tool. Plasma preheating current (13 A, 15 A, and 17 A) was varied by keeping other FSW parameters as constant. During the FSW and PFSW process, force measurement and thermal history aided in a deep understanding of the process, tool degradation mechanisms, accompanied by the mechanical and microstructural characterization of the welded joints. The stir zone hardness was increased from 140 HV0.5 to about 267 HV0.5. The yield and tensile strength of weld increased from 385 MPa and 514 MPa to about 391 MPa and 539 MPa, respectively. Weld joint elongation (%) was increased from ~10% of weld 1 to ~13.89% of weld 4. During PFSW, the process temperature was increased, the cooling rate was lowered, and the weld bead was widened. The results also revealed that the plasma-assisted weld resulted in polygonal ([Formula: see text]) and allotriomorphic ferrite as the major constituents in the stir zone. Pearlite dissolution and spheroidization were observed in the ICHAZ and SCHAZ, respectively. Additionally, the plasma preheating reduced the tungsten tool’s wear by 58% compared to FSW.

scholarly journals Thermo-mechanical analysis of linear welding stage in friction stir welding - influence of welding parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-186
Author(s):  
Darko Veljic ◽  
Marko Rakin ◽  
Aleksandar Sedmak ◽  
Nenad Radovic ◽  
Bojan Medjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Fsw Parameters

The influence of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters on thermo-mechanical behaviour of the material during welding is analysed. An aluminium alloy is considered (Al 2024 T351), and different rotating speed and welding speed are applied. Finite element model consists of the plate (Al alloy), backing plate and welding tool, and it is formed and solved in software package Simulia Abaqus. The influence of the welding conditions on material behaviour is taken into account by application of the Johnson-Cook material model. The rotation of the tool affects the results: if increased, it contributes to an increase of friction-generated heat intensity. The other component of the generated heat, the plastic deformation of the material, is negligibly changed. When the welding speed is increased, the intensity of friction-generated heat decreases, while the heat generation due to plastic deforming increases. Combined, these two effects cause small change of the total heat generation. For the same welded joint length, the plate welded by lower speed will be heated more intensively. The changes of the heat generation influence both the temperature field and reaction force, which are also considered.

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