scholarly journals In Situ Image Acquisition and Measurement of Microdroplets Based on Delay Triggering

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Chang ◽  
Kang Zheng ◽  
Dan Xie ◽  
Xiayun Shu ◽  
Keyu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Relative Standard

An in situ image acquisition apparatus based on delay triggering for visualizing microdroplets formation is described. The imaging system includes a charge-coupled device camera, a motion control card, a driving circuit, a time delay triggering circuit, and a light source. By adjusting the varying trigger delay time which is synchronized with respect to the signal for jetting, the steady sequential images of the droplet flying in free space can be captured real-time by the system. Several image processing steps are taken to measure the diameters and coordinates of the droplets. Also, the jetting speeds can be calculated according to the delay time interval. For glycerin/water (60:40, mass ratio), under the given conditions of the self-made pneumatically diaphragm-driven drop-on-demand inkjet apparatus, the average of diameter and volume are measured as 266.8 μm and 9944 pL, respectively, and the maximum average velocity of the microdroplets is 0.689 m/s. Finally, the imaging system is applied to measure the volume of 200 microsolder balls generated from the inkjet apparatus. The average diameter is 87.96 μm, and the relative standard deviation is 0.83%. The results show good reproducibility. Unlike previous stroboscopic techniques, the present in situ imaging system which is absence of instantaneous high intensity light employs two control signals to stimulate the microdroplet generator and the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Hence, the system can avoid the desynchronization problem of signals which control the strobe light-emitting diode (LED) light source and the camera in previous equipment. This technology is a reliable and cost-effective approach for capturing and measuring microdroplets.

Color correction against changes of light source in image acquisition by CCD camera

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Corbalan-Fuertes ◽  
Maria S. Millan Garcia-Verela ◽  
Maria J. Yzuel
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Color Correction

scholarly journals Stress Analysis by Kossel Microdiffraction on a Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy during an In Situ Tensile Test – Comparison with Classical X-Ray Diffraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bouscaud ◽  
Raphaël Pesci ◽  
Sophie Berveiller ◽  
Etienne Patoor
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Elastic Strain Tensor

A Kossel microdiffraction experimental set up is under development inside a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in order to determine the crystallographic orientation as well as the inter- and intragranular strains and stresses. An area of about one cubic micrometer can be analysed using the microscope probe, which enables to study different kinds of elements such as a grain boundary, a crack, a microelectronic component, etc. The diffraction pattern is recorded by a high resolution Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera. The crystallographic orientation, the lattice parameters and the elastic strain tensor of the probed area are deduced from the pattern indexation using a homemade software. The purpose of this paper is to report some results achieved up to now to estimate the reliability of the Kossel microdiffraction technique.

FLUORESCENT IMAGES OF MITOCHONDRIAL REDOX STATES IN IN SITU MOUSE HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC INTESTINES

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHSA RANJI ◽  
SHOKO NIOKA ◽  
HE N. XU ◽  
BAOHUA WU ◽  
LIN Z. LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
Redox Ratio ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Mitochondrial Number ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

We have imaged mitochondrial oxidation–reduction states by taking a ratio of mitochondrial fluorophores: NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to Fp (oxidized flavoprotein). Although NADH has been investigated for tissue metabolic state in cancer and in oxygen deprived tissues, it alone is not an adequate measure of mitochondrial metabolic state since the NADH signal is altered by dependence on the number of mitochondria and by blood absorption. The redox ratio, NADH/(Fp + NADH), gives a more accurate measure of steady-state tissue metabolism since it is less dependent on mitochondrial number and it compensates effectively for hemodynamic changes. This ratio provides important diagnostic information in living tissues. In this study, the emitted fluorescence of mouse colon in situ is passed through an emission filter wheel and imaged on a CCD camera. Redox ratio images of the healthy and hypoxic mouse intestines clearly showed significant differences. Furthermore, the corrected redox ratio indicated an increase from an average value of 0.51 ± 0.10 in the healthy state to 0.92 ± 0.03 in dead tissue due to severe ischemia (N = 5). We show that the CCD imaging system is capable of displaying the metabolic differences in normal and ischemic tissues as well as quantifying the redox ratio in vivo as a marker of these changes.

Multi-mode light microscopy of microtubule assembly dynamics and chromosome movement in vivo and In vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 730-731
Author(s):  
E. D. Salmon ◽  
J. C. Waters ◽  
C. Waterman-Storer
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Transmitted Light ◽  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Band ◽  
Multi Mode

We have developed a multi-mode digital imaging system which acquires images with a cooled CCD camera (Figure 1). A multiple band pass dichromatic mirror and robotically controlled filter wheels provide wavelength selection for epi-fluorescence. Shutters select illumination either by epi-fluorescence or by transmitted light for phase contrast or DIC. Many of our experiments involve investigations of spindle assembly dynamics and chromosome movements in live cells or unfixed reconstituted preparations in vitro in which photodamage and phototoxicity are major concerns. As a consequence, a major factor in the design was optical efficiency: achieving the highest image quality with the least number of illumination photons. This principle applies to both epi-fluorescence and transmitted light imaging modes. In living cells and extracts, microtubules are visualized using X-rhodamine labeled tubulin. Photoactivation of C2CF-fluorescein labeled tubulin is used to locally mark microtubules in studies of microtubule dynamics and translocation. Chromosomes are labeled with DAPI or Hoechst DNA intercalating dyes.

Development of a bio-monitoring system for toxicants in water with fish

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Y.-H. Lee ◽  
H.-K. Lee ◽  
C.-H. Chang ◽  
W.-H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Bio Monitoring ◽  
Index Value ◽  
A Charge

A bio-monitoring system for toxicants in water has been developed and verified for actual applications. This system is based on the motionality of five Acheilognathus lanceolata, a fish known to be very sensitive to toxic substances, moving around in an aquarium. Their movements are continuously monitored with a charge coupled device (CCD) camera and analyzed to find and quantify any abnormal behavior in their motional characteristics in comparison with the pre-acquired data. That is, the images of fish captured by a CCD camera are digitalized to identify the location of fish in a constant time interval and the locations of each fish were then analyzed mathematically with a personal computer using the equations proposed to determine the motional characteristics such as floatness, fledness and mobility(agility). These data are then converted by means of fuzzy estimation to an index value, defined as the contamination index (CI), by which the system provides the information about the overall toxic strength of the toxicant in the water flowing into the aquarium. If the fish are exposed to toxicant(s), the CI value will be proportional to the strength of its toxicity. The pilot test was performed in a water treatment plant for six months in order to verify the reproducibility of the system over the unstable conditions such as highly turbid water after rainfall as well as in normal conditions. The test results revealed that this monitoring system has good reproducibility and sensitivity, proving our approach, described in this paper, is reliable. As a result, this approach seems to enable us to make a quick and easy detection of toxic substances contained in water, therefore, this system can be applied to a source of water supply as a toxicant watching system.

scholarly journals Neuro-Inspired Computing with Spin-VCSELs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4232
Author(s):  
Krishan Harkhoe ◽  
Guy Verschaffelt ◽  
Guy Van der Sande
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Polarization Modulation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Computing Technique ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Modulation Speed

Delay-based reservoir computing (RC), a neuromorphic computing technique, has gathered lots of interest, as it promises compact and high-speed RC implementations. To further boost the computing speeds, we introduce and study an RC setup based on spin-VCSELs, thereby exploiting the high polarization modulation speed inherent to these lasers. Based on numerical simulations, we benchmarked this setup against state-of-the-art delay-based RC systems and its parameter space was analyzed for optimal performance. The high modulation speed enabled us to have more virtual nodes in a shorter time interval. However, we found that at these short time scales, the delay time and feedback rate heavily influence the nonlinear dynamics. Therefore, and contrary to other laser-based RC systems, the delay time has to be optimized in order to obtain good RC performances. We achieved state-of-the-art performances on a benchmark timeseries prediction task. This spin-VCSEL-based RC system shows a ten-fold improvement in processing speed, which can further be enhanced in a straightforward way by increasing the birefringence of the VCSEL chip.

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