Lactobacillus salivarius Subspecies salicinius SA-03 is a New Probiotic Capable of Enhancing Exercise Performance and Decreasing Fatigue

Probiotics are increasingly being used as a nutritional supplement by athletes to improve exercise performance and reduce post-exercise fatigue. Lactobacillus salivarius is a natural flora in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Lactobacillus salivarius subspecies salicinius (SA-03) is an isolate from the 2008 Olympic women’s 48 kg weightlifting gold medalist’s gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated its beneficial effects on physical fitness. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group) and orally administered with SA-03 for 4 weeks at 0, 2.05 × 109, 4.10 × 109, or 1.03 × 1010 CFU/kg/day. Results showed that 4 weeks of SA-03 supplementation significantly improved muscle strength and endurance performance, increased hepatic and muscular glycogen storage, and decreased lactate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ammonia, and creatine kinase (CK) levels after exercise. These observations suggest that SA-03 could be used as a nutritional supplement to enhance exercise performance and reduce.

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of human-origin Lactobacillus plantarum PL-02 in improving muscle mass, exercise performance and anti-fatigue

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-98958-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mon-Chien Lee ◽

Yi-Ju Hsu ◽

Hsieh‐Hsun Ho ◽

Yi‐Wei Kuo ◽

Wen-Yang Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Glycogen Storage ◽

Human Origin ◽

Gold Medalist ◽

Improve Exercise Performance

AbstractGut microbiota is very important for energy metabolism and regulation, which in turn affect the health and physiological functions of the host, and provide energy required for exercise. Supplementation with probiotics may be one of the ways to change the gut microbiota. In recent years, many studies have shown that probiotic supplementation can effectively improve sports performance. In this study, we screened Lactobacillus plantarum (PL-02), a probiotic of human-origin, from the intestines of 2008 Olympic women's 48 kg weightlifting gold medalist and explored the role of PL-02 in improved exercise endurance performance, reduced fatigue biochemical parameters, and changes in body composition. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were assigned to 0, 2.05 × 109, 4.10 × 109 and 1.03 × 1010 CFU/kg/day groups and were fed by oral gavage once daily for 4 weeks. The results showed that 4 weeks of PL-02 supplementation could significantly increase muscle mass, muscle strength and endurance performance, and hepatic and muscular glycogen storage. Furthermore, PL-02 could significantly decrease lactate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ammonia, and creatine kinase (CK) levels after exercise (p < 0.05). We believe that PL-02 can be used as a supplement to improve exercise performance and for its anti-fatigue effect.

Download Full-text

Can Acupuncture Improve Exercise Performance and Post-Exercise Recovery?

Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur ◽

10.1016/j.dza.2013.09.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

Paola Urroz ◽

Ben Colagiuri ◽

Caroline A. Smith ◽

Birinder Singh Cheema ◽

T. Engeroff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Performance ◽

Exercise Recovery ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Improve Exercise Performance ◽

Post Exercise Recovery

Download Full-text

Pre-exercise Carbohydrate Drink Adding Protein Improves Post-exercise Fatigue Recovery

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.765473 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Albert Yi-Wey Tan ◽

Sareena-Hanim Hamzah ◽

Chih-Yang Huang ◽

Chia-Hua Kuo

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Time To Exhaustion ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Dietary Nitrogen ◽

Exercise Fatigue ◽

Fatigue Recovery ◽

Cycling Time

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the requirement of protein in pre-exercise carbohydrate drinks for optimal endurance performance at high intensity and post-exercise fatigue recovery.Methods: Endurance performance at 85% V.⁢O2peak of young men (age 20 ± 0.9 years, V.⁢2peak 49.3 ± 0.3 L/min) was measured for two consecutive days using cycling time to exhaustion and total work exerted 2 h after three isocaloric supplementations: RICE (50 g, protein: 1.8 g), n = 7; SOY + RICE (50 g, protein: 4.8 g), n = 7; and WHEY + RICE (50 g, protein: 9.2 g), n = 7.Results: Endurance performance was similar for the three supplemented conditions. Nevertheless, maximal cycling time and total exerted work from Day 1 to Day 2 were improved in the WHEY + RICE (+21%, p = 0.05) and SOY-RICE (+16%, p = 0.10) supplemented conditions, not the RICE supplemented condition. Increases in plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed 1 h after exercise regardless of supplemented conditions. Plasma creatine kinase remained unchanged after exercise for all three supplemented conditions. Increases in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) after exercise were small and similar for the three supplemented conditions.Conclusion: Adding protein into carbohydrate drinks provides no immediate benefit in endurance performance and antioxidant capacity yet enhances fatigue recovery for the next day. Soy-containing carbohydrate drink, despite 50% less protein content, shows similar fatigue recovery efficacy to the whey protein-containing carbohydrate drink. These results suggest the importance of dietary nitrogen sources in fatigue recovery after exercise.

Download Full-text

Effect of Training at Altitude

Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation ◽

10.24112/ajper.31192 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 27-29

Author(s):

Pak Kwong CHUNG

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Mexico City ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Olympic Games ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Lower Pressure ◽

Altitude Training ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Air Resistance ◽

Physiologic Responses

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.In 1968, when the Summer Olympic Games were scheduled to be held in Mexico City, at an altitude of 2,300 meters above sea level, considerable attention was directed at the questions of how altitude would affect exercise performance. During the preparation for the Mexico City Olympics, many concerns existed about the possible beneficial effects of the lower pressure and air resistance at the altitude for events involving speed and power; and the possible detrimental effects of the reduced oxygen at the altitude for the endurance events. What are the acute physiologic responses to altitude? Can altitude training improve endurance performance at sea level? All such questions would be explored in this article.

Download Full-text

Adaptations to Post-exercise Cold Water Immersion: Friend, Foe, or Futile?

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living ◽

10.3389/fspor.2021.714148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Ihsan ◽

Chris R. Abbiss ◽

Robert Allan

Keyword(s):

Exercise Performance ◽

Cold Water ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Cold Water Immersion ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Post Exercise Recovery

In the last decade, cold water immersion (CWI) has emerged as one of the most popular post-exercise recovery strategies utilized amongst athletes during training and competition. Following earlier research on the effects of CWI on the recovery of exercise performance and associated mechanisms, the recent focus has been on how CWI might influence adaptations to exercise. This line of enquiry stems from classical work demonstrating improved endurance and mitochondrial development in rodents exposed to repeated cold exposures. Moreover, there was strong rationale that CWI might enhance adaptations to exercise, given the discovery, and central role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in both cold- and exercise-induced oxidative adaptations. Research on adaptations to post-exercise CWI have generally indicated a mode-dependant effect, where resistance training adaptations were diminished, whilst aerobic exercise performance seems unaffected but demonstrates premise for enhancement. However, the general suitability of CWI as a recovery modality has been the focus of considerable debate, primarily given the dampening effect on hypertrophy gains. In this mini-review, we highlight the key mechanisms surrounding CWI and endurance exercise adaptations, reiterating the potential for CWI to enhance endurance performance, with support from classical and contemporary works. This review also discusses the implications and insights (with regards to endurance and strength adaptations) gathered from recent studies examining the longer-term effects of CWI on training performance and recovery. Lastly, a periodized approach to recovery is proposed, where the use of CWI may be incorporated during competition or intensified training, whilst strategically avoiding periods following training focused on improving muscle strength or hypertrophy.

Download Full-text

Does Flavonoid Consumption Improve Exercise Performance? Is It Related to Changes in the Immune System and Inflammatory Biomarkers? A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies since 2005

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1132

Author(s):

Patricia Ruiz-Iglesias ◽

Abril Gorgori-González ◽

Malén Massot-Cladera ◽

Margarida Castell ◽

Francisco J. Pérez-Cano

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Immune System ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Improve Exercise Performance ◽

And Performance ◽

Shed Light

Flavonoids are attracting increasing attention due to their antioxidant, cardioprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. Nevertheless, little is known about their role in exercise performance in association with immune function. This systematic review firstly aimed to shed light on the ergogenic potential of flavonoids. A search strategy was run using SCOPUS database. The returned studies were screened by prespecified eligibility criteria, including intervention lasting at least one week and performance objectively quantified, among others. Fifty-one studies (54 articles) met the inclusion criteria, involving 1288 human subjects, either physically untrained or trained. Secondly, we aimed to associate these studies with the immune system status. Seventeen of the selected studies (18 articles) assessed changes in the immune system. The overall percentage of studies reporting an improved exercise performance following flavonoid supplementation was 37%, the proportion being 25% when considering quercetin, 28% for flavanol-enriched extracts, and 54% for anthocyanins-enriched extracts. From the studies reporting an enhanced performance, only two, using anthocyanin supplements, focused on the immune system and found certain anti-inflammatory effects of these flavonoids. These results suggest that flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, may exert beneficial effects for athletes’ performances, although further studies are encouraged to establish the optimal dosage and to clarify their impact on immune status.

Download Full-text

GSTP1 c.313A>G polymorphism in Russian and Polish athletes

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00014.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 127-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aleksandra Zarebska ◽

Zbigniew Jastrzebski ◽

Ildus I. Ahmetov ◽

Piotr Zmijewski ◽

Pawel Cieszczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Performance ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Replication Study ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Independent Population ◽

Glutathione S Transferases ◽

Gstp1 Gene ◽

Improve Exercise Performance ◽

Exercise Induced

The GSTP1 gene encodes glutathione S-transferase P1, which is a member of the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a family of enzymes playing an important role in detoxification and in the antioxidant defense system. There is some evidence indicating that GSTP1 c.313A>G polymorphism may be beneficial for exercise performance. Therefore, we decided to verify the association between the frequency of GSTP1 c.313A>G variants, physical performance, and athletes' status in two cohorts: in a group of Russian athletes ( n = 507) and in an independent population of Polish athletes ( n = 510) in a replication study. The initial association study conducted with the Russian athletes revealed that the frequency of the minor G allele was significantly higher in all athletes than in controls; that was confirmed in the replication study of Polish athletes. In the combined cohort, the differences between athletes ( n = 1017) and controls ( n = 1246) were even more pronounced (32.7 vs 25.0%, P < 0.0001). Our findings emphasize that the G allele of the GSTP1 gene c.313A>G single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with improved endurance performance. These observations could support the hypothesis that the GSTP1 G allele may improve exercise performance by better elimination of exercise-induced ROS.

Download Full-text

Supplementation with Human-Origin Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum PL-02 Could Effectively Improve Muscle Mass and Exercise Performance, and Have an Anti-Fatigue Effect

10.21203/rs.3.rs-558635/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mon-Chien Lee ◽

Yi-Ju Hsu ◽

Hsieh‐Hsun Ho ◽

Yi‐Wei Kuo ◽

Wen-Yang Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Glycogen Storage ◽

Human Origin ◽

Fatigue Effect

Abstract Gut microbiota are very important for energy metabolism and regulation, which in turn affect the health and physiological functions of the host. The most direct way to change the gut microbiota is to supplement with probiotics. In this study, we screened Lactobacillus plantarum (PL-02), a probiotic of human-origin, from the intestines of Olympic gold medalists and explored the role of PL-02 in improved exercise endurance performance, reduced fatigue biochemical parameters, and changes in body composition. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were assigned to 0 CFU/kg (vehicle), 2.05 × 109 CFU/kg (PL-02-1X), 4.10 × 109 CFU/kg (PL-02-2X), and 1.03 × 1010 CFU/kg (PL-02-5X) groups and were fed by oral gavage once daily for 4 weeks to assess exercise performance, fatigue parameters, and body composition. The results showed that 4 weeks of PL-02 supplementation could significantly increase muscle mass, improve muscle strength and endurance performance, and increase hepatic and muscular glycogen storage. Furthermore, PL-02 could significantly decrease fatigue biochemical parameters, such as lactate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ammonia, and creatine kinase (CK) levels, after exercise. We believe that PL-02 can be used as a supplement to improve exercise performance and for its anti-fatigue effect.

Download Full-text