scholarly journals Effects of Dispersants and Biosurfactants on Crude-Oil Biodegradation and Bacterial Community Succession

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Gareth E. Thomas ◽  
Jan L. Brant ◽  
Pablo Campo ◽  
Dave R. Clark ◽  
Frederic Coulon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Response ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Interfacial Surface ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Oil Spill Response

This study evaluated the effects of three commercial dispersants (Finasol OSR 52, Slickgone NS, Superdispersant 25) and three biosurfactants (rhamnolipid, trehalolipid, sophorolipid) in crude-oil seawater microcosms. We analysed the crucial early bacterial response (1 and 3 days). In contrast, most analyses miss this key period and instead focus on later time points after oil and dispersant addition. By focusing on the early stage, we show that dispersants and biosurfactants, which reduce the interfacial surface tension of oil and water, significantly increase the abundance of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, and the rate of hydrocarbon biodegradation, within 24 h. A succession of obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (OHCB), driven by metabolite niche partitioning, is demonstrated. Importantly, this succession has revealed how the OHCB Oleispira, hitherto considered to be a psychrophile, can dominate in the early stages of oil-spill response (1 and 3 days), outcompeting all other OHCB, at the relatively high temperature of 16 °C. Additionally, we demonstrate how some dispersants or biosurfactants can select for specific bacterial genera, especially the biosurfactant rhamnolipid, which appears to provide an advantageous compatibility with Pseudomonas, a genus in which some species synthesize rhamnolipid in the presence of hydrocarbons.

Effect of Dispersants on Oil Biodegradation Under Simulated Marine Conditions

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. J. Swannell ◽  
Fabien Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Dispersed Oil ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Aliphatic And Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Neutrally Buoyant

ABSTRACT A study was undertaken on the dispersion, microbial colonisation and biodegradation of chemically-dispersed weathered Forties crude oil under simulated marine conditions in laboratory microcosms. The measurements of droplet size, number and microbial colonisation were made using new techniques developed by the project team. Rapid growth of indigenous micro-organisms capable of degrading both crude oil and dispersants was observed in the presence of chemically-dispersed oil. These organisms colonised the dispersed oil and biodegraded the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. These processes was stimulated by the addition of inorganic nutrients. Some colonised droplets agglomerated into neutrally-buoyant “clusters” (100 µm- 2 mm diameter) consisting of oil, bacteria, protozoa, and nematodes. After substantial hydrocarbon biodegradation these clusters sank to the bottom of the microcosms. No biodegradation or cluster formation was noted in “killed” controls in which biological activity had been inhibited. Different dispersants promoted microbial growth to differing extents. These results suggest that the addition of dispersants can increase the rate of oil biodegradation under natural conditions by promoting the growth of indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, as well as increasing the surface area of oil available for microbial colonisation.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics of Marinobacter sp. TT1 Reveals Corexit Impacts on Hydrocarbon Metabolism, Chemotactic Motility, and Biofilm Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Saskia Rughöft ◽  
Nico Jehmlich ◽  
Tony Gutierrez ◽  
Sara Kleindienst
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Solvent Tolerance ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
First Time

The application of chemical dispersants during marine oil spills can affect the community composition and activity of marine microorganisms. Several studies have indicated that certain marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, such as Marinobacter spp., can be inhibited by chemical dispersants, resulting in lower abundances and/or reduced biodegradation rates. However, a major knowledge gap exists regarding the mechanisms underlying these physiological effects. Here, we performed comparative proteomics of the Deepwater Horizon isolate Marinobacter sp. TT1 grown under different conditions. Strain TT1 received different carbon sources (pyruvate vs. n-hexadecane) with and without added dispersant (Corexit EC9500A). Additional treatments contained crude oil in the form of a water-accommodated fraction (WAF) or chemically-enhanced WAF (CEWAF; with Corexit). For the first time, we identified the proteins associated with alkane metabolism and alginate biosynthesis in strain TT1, report on its potential for aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation and present a protein-based proposed metabolism of Corexit components as carbon substrates. Our findings revealed that Corexit exposure affects hydrocarbon metabolism, chemotactic motility, biofilm formation, and induces solvent tolerance mechanisms, like efflux pumps, in strain TT1. This study provides novel insights into dispersant impacts on microbial hydrocarbon degraders that should be taken into consideration for future oil spill response actions.

scholarly journals HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC BACTERIA FROM JAKARTA BAY AND SERIBU ISLANDS

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeti Darmayati ◽  
Shigeaki Harayama ◽  
Atsushi Yamazoe ◽  
Ariani Hatmanti ◽  
Sulistiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria ◽  
The North ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Jakarta Bay has been known as one of the most polluted marine environment in Indonesia, with no exception by oil. Seribu Islands waters, located in the north of Jakarta Bay may have been impacted by this polluted condition.It’s sometimes also hit by oil spillage from pipe leakage. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (oil and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria) from Jakarta Bay and Seribu Island waters. The bacteria were isolated from water and sediment/sand. Isolation was prepared by enriched samples in SWP medium with Arabian Light Crude Oil (ALCO). Screening for PAH degrading bacteria has been completed by using sublimation plate method in ONR7a medium and screening for oil degrading bacteria were conducted by using oil plated method with the same medium. Bacteria identifications were done based on l6sRNA gene. The results were analyzed using BLAST and showed that 131 potential hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria have been isolated from Jakarta Bay and Seribu Island waters. Most of them were oil degrading bacteria (41.98%) and the rest were PAH degrading bacteria. Oil pollution level may impact the number of strain of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria isolated. Among the hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria isolated from Jakarta Bay and Seribu Islands, Alcanivorax, Marinobacter, Achromobacter and Bacillus were common hydrocarbonoclastic genera in Jakarta Bay and its surrounding waters. Alcanivorax spp. is important oil and PAH-degrader found not only in temperate waters, but in tropical waters as well.

scholarly journals Physical and Metabolic Interactions ofPseudomonas sp. Strain JA5-B45 andRhodococcus sp. Strain F9-D79 during Growth on Crude Oil and Effect of a Chemical Surfactant on Them

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 4874-4879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Van Hamme ◽  
Owen P. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylate ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Metabolic Interactions ◽  
Oil Water

ABSTRACT Methods to enhance crude oil biodegradation by mixed bacterial cultures, for example, (bio)surfactant addition, are complicated by the diversity of microbial populations within a given culture. The physical and metabolic interactions between Rhodococcus sp. strain F9-D79 and Pseudomonas sp. strain JA5-B45 were examined during growth on Bow River crude oil. The effects of a nonionic chemical surfactant, Igepal CO-630 (nonylphenol ethoxylate), also were evaluated. Strain F9-D79 grew attached to the oil-water interface and produced a mycolic acid-containing capsule. Crude oil emulsification and surface activity were associated with the cellular fraction. Strain JA5-B45 grew in the aqueous phase and was unable to emulsify oil, but cell-free supernatants mediated kerosene-water emulsion formation. In coculture, stable emulsions were formed and strain JA5-B45 had an affinity for the capsule produced by strain F9-D79. Igepal CO-630 inhibited F9-D79 cells from adhering to the interface, and cells grew dispersed in the aqueous phase as 0.5-μm cocci rather than 2.5-μm rods. The surfactant increased total petroleum hydrocarbon removal by strain JA5-B45 from 4 to 22% and included both saturated compounds and aromatics. In coculture, TPH removal increased from 13 to 40% following surfactant addition. The culture pH normally increased from 7.0 to between 7.5 and 8.5, although addition of Igepal CO-630 to F9-D79 cultures resulted in a drop to pH 5.5. We suggest a dual role for the nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactant in the coculture: (i) to improve hydrocarbon uptake by strain JA5-B45 through emulsification and (ii) to prevent strain F9-D79 from adhering to the oil-water interface, indirectly increasing hydrocarbon availability. These varied effects on hydrocarbon biodegradation could explain some of the known diversity of surfactant effects.

scholarly journals Response and oil degradation activities of a northeast Atlantic bacterial community to biogenic and synthetic surfactants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Nikolova ◽  
Umer Zeeshan Ijaz ◽  
Clayton Magill ◽  
Sara Kleindienst ◽  
Samantha B. Joye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

AbstractBackgroundAlthough synthetic dispersants are effective in dispersing crude oil, they can alter the natural microbial response to oil and potentially hinder its biodegradation. Biosurfactants, however, are naturally derived products that play a similar role to synthetic dispersants in oil spill response but are easily biodegradable and less toxic. This study investigated the microbial community dynamics, ecological drivers, functional diversity, and oil biodegradation potential of a northeast Atlantic marine microbial community to crude oil when exposed to rhamnolipid or synthetic dispersant Finasol OSR52.ResultsWe found the microbial community composition and diversity were markedly different in the rhamnolipid-amended treatment compared to that with Finasol, with key aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria like Cycloclasticus being suppressed in the Finasol treatment but not in oil-only and rhamnolipid-amended treatments. Psychrophilic Colwellia and Oleispira dominated the community in both the rhamnolipid and Finasol OSR52 treatments initially but later community structure across treatments diverged significantly: Rhodobacteraceae and Vibrio dominated the Finasol-amended treatment and Colwellia, Oleispira, and later Cycloclasticus and Alcanivorax, dominated the rhamnolipid-amended treatment. Vibrio abundance increased substantially in treatments receiving Finasol, suggesting a potentially important role for these organisms in degrading dispersant components. In fact, Finasol was linked with a negative impact on alpha diversity. Deterministic environmental filtering played a dominant role in regulating the community assembly in all treatments but was strongest in the dispersant-amended treatments. Rhamnolipid-amended and oil-only treatments had the highest functional diversity, however, the overall oil biodegradation was greater in the Finasol treatment, but aromatic biodegradation was highest in the rhamnolipid treatment.ConclusionOverall, the natural marine microbial community in the northeast Atlantic responded differently to crude oil dispersed with either synthetic or biogenic surfactants over time, but oil degradation was more enhanced by the synthetic dispersant. Collectively, our results advance the understanding of how rhamnolipid biosurfactants affect the natural marine microbial community, supporting their potential application in oil spills.

scholarly journals Response and oil degradation activities of a northeast Atlantic bacterial community to biogenic and synthetic surfactants

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina N. Nikolova ◽  
Umer Zeeshan Ijaz ◽  
Clayton Magill ◽  
Sara Kleindienst ◽  
Samantha B. Joye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Abstract Background Biosurfactants are naturally derived products that play a similar role to synthetic dispersants in oil spill response but are easily biodegradable and less toxic. Using a combination of analytical chemistry, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and simulation-based approaches, this study investigated the microbial community dynamics, ecological drivers, functional diversity and robustness, and oil biodegradation potential of a northeast Atlantic marine microbial community to crude oil when exposed to rhamnolipid or synthetic dispersant Finasol OSR52. Results Psychrophilic Colwellia and Oleispira dominated the community in both the rhamnolipid and Finasol OSR52 treatments initially but later community structure across treatments diverged significantly: Rhodobacteraceae and Vibrio dominated the Finasol-amended treatment, whereas Colwellia, Oleispira, and later Cycloclasticus and Alcanivorax, dominated the rhamnolipid-amended treatment. Key aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, like Cycloclasticus, was not observed in the Finasol treatment but it was abundant in the oil-only and rhamnolipid-amended treatments. Overall, Finasol had a significant negative impact on the community diversity, weakened the taxa-functional robustness of the community, and caused a stronger environmental filtering, more so than oil-only and rhamnolipid-amended oil treatments. Rhamnolipid-amended and oil-only treatments had the highest functional diversity, however, the overall oil biodegradation was greater in the Finasol treatment, but aromatic biodegradation was highest in the rhamnolipid treatment. Conclusion Overall, the natural marine microbial community in the northeast Atlantic responded differently to crude oil dispersed with either synthetic or biogenic surfactants over time, but oil degradation was more enhanced by the synthetic dispersant. Collectively, our results advance the understanding of how rhamnolipid biosurfactants and synthetic dispersant Finasol affect the natural marine microbial community in the FSC, supporting their potential application in oil spills.

scholarly journals Strategy to improve crude oil biodegradation in oligotrophic aquatic environments: W/O/W fertilized emulsions and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1159-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmo Montes Rodrigues ◽  
Alvaro Vianna Novaes de Carvalho Teixeira ◽  
Dionéia Evangelista Cesar ◽  
Marcos Rogério Tótola
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria ◽  
Oil Biodegradation

scholarly journals Response and Oil Degradation Activities of a Northeast Atlantic Bacterial Community to Biogenic and Synthetic Surfactants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Nikolova ◽  
Umer Zeeshan Ijaz ◽  
Clayton Magill ◽  
Sara Kleindienst ◽  
Samantha B. Joye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Abstract Background: Biosurfactants, however, are naturally derived products that play a similar role to synthetic dispersants in oil spill response but are easily biodegradable and less toxic. Using a combination of analytical chemistry, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and simulation-based approaches, this study investigated the microbial community dynamics, ecological drivers, functional diversity and robustness, and oil biodegradation potential of a northeast Atlantic marine microbial community to crude oil when exposed to rhamnolipid or synthetic dispersant Finasol OSR52. Results: Psychrophilic Colwellia and Oleispira dominated the community in both the rhamnolipid and Finasol OSR52 treatments initially but later community structure across treatments diverged significantly: Rhodobacteraceae and Vibrio dominated the Finasol-amended treatment, whereas Colwellia, Oleispira, and later Cycloclasticus and Alcanivorax, dominated the rhamnolipid-amended treatment. The key aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria like Cycloclasticus was not observed in the Finasol treatment but it was abundant in the oil-only and rhamnolipid-amended treatments. Overall, Finasol had a significant negative impact on the community diversity, weakened the taxa-functional robustness of the community, and caused a stronger environmental filtering, more so than oil-only and rhamnolipid-amended oil treatments. Rhamnolipid-amended and oil-only treatments had the highest functional diversity, however, the overall oil biodegradation was greater in the Finasol treatment, but aromatic biodegradation was highest in the rhamnolipid treatment. Conclusion: Overall, the natural marine microbial community in the northeast Atlantic responded differently to crude oil dispersed with either synthetic or biogenic surfactants over time, but oil degradation was more enhanced by the synthetic dispersant. Collectively, our results advance the understanding of how rhamnolipid biosurfactants and synthetic dispersant Finasol affect the natural marine microbial community in the FSC, supporting their potential application in oil spills.

scholarly journals A Comparison between Chemical and Natural Dispersion of a North Sea Oil-spill

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth E Thomas ◽  
Terry J McGenity ◽  
Marieke Zeinstra-Helfrich ◽  
Boyd A McKew
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Oil Slick ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Two Samples

ABSTRACT The application of dispersants to an oil-slick is a key remediation tool and thus understanding its effectiveness is vital. Two in situ oil slicks were created in the North Sea (off the coast of The Netherlands), one left to natural processes whilst dispersant (Slickgone NS) was applied to the other. GC-MS analysis of seawater from the surface slick, and at 1.5 and 5 m below the slick, revealed only two samples with measurable hydrocarbons (221 ± 92 μg ml−1 seawater), from the surface of the “Slickgone Dispersed” oil-slick ~25.5 hours after oil-slick formation, which was likely due to environmental conditions hindering sampling. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene quantitative PCR and amplicon analysis revealed extremely limited growth of obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (OHCB), detected at a relative abundance of <1×10-6 %. Furthermore, the Ecological Index of Hydrocarbon Exposure (EIHE) score, which quantifies the proportion of the bacterial community with hydrocarbon-biodegradation potential, was extremely low at 0.012 (scale of 0 – 1). This very low abundance of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria at the time of sampling, even in samples with measurable hydrocarbons, could potentially be attributed to nutrient limitation (~25.5 hours after oil-slick creation total inorganic nitrogen was 3.33 μM and phosphorus was undetectable). The results of this study highlight a limited capacity for the environment, during this relatively short period, to naturally attenuate oil.

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