scholarly journals National Monitoring of Mosquito Populations and Molecular Analysis of Flavivirus in the Republic of Korea in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2085
Author(s):  
Min-Goo Seo ◽  
Hak Seon Lee ◽  
Sung-Chan Yang ◽  
Byung-Eon Noh ◽  
Tae-Kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Armigeres Subalbatus ◽  
National Monitoring ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Flavivirus Infection ◽  
Genotype V

The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency has established centers at 16 locations to screen vector populations and pathogens. The aims of this study were to determine the relative spatiotemporal distributions of mosquitoes that are flavivirus vectors, and to correlate them with instances of flaviviral disease in the Republic of Korea (ROK). We collected 67,203 mosquitoes in traps at 36 collection sites in 30 urban regions and migratory bird habitats in 2020. The trap index was 36.6, and the predominant mosquito species were the Culex pipiens complex, Armigeres subalbatus, Aedes albopictus, Aedes vexans, and Culex tritaeniorhynchus. The mosquitoes were pooled into 4953 pools to monitor flavivirus infection. We determined that the minimum infection rate of flavivirus was 0.01%. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was detected in only seven pools of Culex orientalis from Sangju, and we isolated JVE from two pools. All detected JEV was found to be genotype V by phylogenetic analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to isolate genotype V JVE from Culex orientalis in the ROK. Subsequent geographical and ecological studies on mosquitoes will help improve our understanding of the relative risk of flavivirus infection. Future studies should analyze mosquito species distribution and improve flavivirus monitoring and long-term surveillance.

scholarly journals Emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype V in the Republic of Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratree Takhampunya ◽  
Heung-Chul Kim ◽  
Bousaraporn Tippayachai ◽  
Ampornpan Kengluecha ◽  
Terry A Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Genotype V

scholarly journals Epidemiology of CoVID-19 and predictors of recovery in the Republic of Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashis Kumar Das ◽  
Saji Saraswathy Gopalan
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Vulnerable Patient ◽  
The Republic

AbstractBackgroundThe recent CoVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a threat to global health. Though current evidence on the epidemiology of the disease is emerging, very little is known about the predictors of recovery.ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology of confirmed CoVID-19 patients in Republic of Korea and identify predictors of recovery.Materials and methodsUsing publicly available data for confirmed CoVID-19 cases from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from January 20, 2020 to April 30, 2020, we undertook descriptive analyses of cases stratified by sex, age group, place of exposure, date of confirmation and province. Correlation was tested among all predictors (sex, age group, place of exposure and province) with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Associations between recovery from CoVID-19 and predictors were estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsMajority of the confirmed cases were females (56%), from 20-29 age group (24.3%), and primarily from three provinces –– Gyeongsangbuk-do (36.9%), Gyeonggi-do (20.5%) and Seoul (17.1%). Case fatality ratio was 2.1% and 41.6% cases recovered. Older patients, patients from provinces such as Daegu, Gyeonggi-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Jeju-do, Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do, and those contracting the disease from healthcare settings had lower recovery.ConclusionsOur study adds to the very limited evidence base on potential predictors of survival among confirmed CoVID-19 cases. We call additional research to explore the predictors of recovery and support development of policies to protect the vulnerable patient groups.

scholarly journals Detecting Long-Term Dry Matter Yield Trend of Sorghum-Sudangrass Hybrid and Climatic Factors Using Time Series Analysis in the Republic of Korea

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Befekadu Chemere ◽  
Jiyung Kim ◽  
Baehun Lee ◽  
Moonju Kim ◽  
Byongwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass

Despite the gradual increase in livestock feed demands, the supply faces enormous challenges due to extreme climatic conditions. As the presence of these climatic condition has the potential to affect the yield of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (SSH), understanding the yield variation in relation to the climatic conditions provides the ability to come up with proper mitigation strategies. This study was designed to detect the effect of climatic factors on the long-term dry matter yield (DMY) trend of SSH using time series analysis in the Republic of Korea. The collected data consisted of DMY, seeding-harvesting dates, the location where the cultivation took place, cultivars, and climatic factors related to cultivation of SSH. Based on the assumption of normality, the final data set (n = 420) was generated after outliers had been removed using Box-plot analysis. To evaluate the seasonality of DMY, an augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test and a correlogram of Autocorrelation Function (ACF) were used. Prior to detecting the effect of climatic factors on the DMY trend, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was fitted to non-seasonal DMY series, and ARIMA (2, 1, 1) was found to be the optimal model to describe the long-term DMY trend of SSH. ARIMA with climatic factors (ARIMAX) detected significance (p < 0.05) of Seeding-Harvesting Precipitation Amount (SHPA) and Seeding-Harvesting Accumulated Temperature (SHAMT) on DMY trend. This does not mean that the average temperature and duration of exposure to sunshine do not affect the growth and development of SSH. The result underlines the impact of the precipitation model as a major factor for the seasonality of long-term DMY of SSH in the Republic of Korea.

Ticks collected from soil/nest litter and live and dead nestlings of migratory seabirds during their breeding season at six uninhabited Islands, Republic of Korea during 2009 and 2014–2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1519
Author(s):  
Heung-Chul Kim ◽  
Jong-Gil Park ◽  
Young-Soo Kwon ◽  
Miran Kim ◽  
Chang-Uk Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
First Record ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Ixodes Uriae ◽  
Haemaphysalis Flava ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Storm Petrel

The 65th Medical Brigade (MED BDE)/Medical Department Activity-Korea (MEDDAC-K), in collaboration with the Migratory Birds Research Center, National Park Research Institute, conducted migratory bird tick-borne disease surveillance at six small, remote, uninhabited islands near the western (Nan Island), southwestern (Chilbal, Gugul, Gaerin, Hong, and Sogugul islands) and southeastern (Hong Island) coastal areas of the Republic of Korea (ROK) during 2009 and from 2014–2017. Ticks were collected from nest soil/litter of the Ancient Murrelet (Synthliboramphus antiquus), Japanese Murrelet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume), Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel (Hydrobates monorhis), Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris), Pacific Swift (Apus pacificus), and Streaked Shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) using Tullgren funnels. Ticks also were collected from recently dead nestlings of Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel and Black-tailed Gull at Gugul, Sogugul, Gaerin, Nan, and Hong islands, and single ticks were collected from vegetation (tick drag) and a human bitten on Chilbal Island. A total of 1,578 ticks (61 females, 122 males, 290 nymphs, and 1,105 larvae), belonging to four genera and six species, were collected. Ornithodoros capensis (73.00%; 1,152) was the most commonly collected tick on migratory seabirds, followed by Ornithodoros sawaii (26.55%; 420), Ixodes uriae (0.19%; 3), and Ixodes signatus (0.13%, 2). One (0.06%) Haemaphysalis flava was collected by tick drag and one (0.06%) Amblyomma testudinarium was collected while biting one of the survey members. Ornithodoros species were identified morphologically and confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. This is the first record of O. sawaii collected from nest soil/litter during the 2017 nesting season of the Pacific Swift and Streaked Shearwater in the ROK.

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