scholarly journals Thermal Beneficiation of Sra Ouertane (Tunisia) Low-Grade Phosphate Rock

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Noureddine Abbes ◽  
Essaid Bilal ◽  
Ludwig Hermann ◽  
Gerald Steiner ◽  
Nils Haneklaus
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
P2o5 Content ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Low-grade phosphate rock from Sra Ouertane (Tunisia) was beneficiated using a thermal treatment consisting of calcination, quenching, and disliming. Untreated phosphate rock samples (group 1), calcined phosphate rock samples (group 2), as well as calcined, quenched, and dislimed (group 3) phosphate rock samples, were investigated using inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Besides, the particle size distribution of the aforementioned three groups was determined. The proposed thermal treatment successfully increased the P2O5 content of the untreated phosphate rock from 20.01 wt% (group 1) to 24.24 wt% (group 2) after calcination and, finally, 27.24 wt% (group 3) after calcination, quenching, and disliming. It was further found that the concentration of relevant accompanying rare earth elements (Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Sm, and Y) was increased and that the concentration of Cd could be significantly reduced from 30 mg/kg to 14 mg/kg with the proposed treatment. The resulting phosphate concentrate showed relatively high concentrations in metal oxides: Ʃ MgO, Fe2O3, Al2O3 = 3.63 wt% and silica (9.81 wt%) so that it did not meet the merchant grade specifications of a minimum P2O5 content of 30 wt% yet. Removal of these elements could be achieved using additional appropriate separation techniques.

Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab (the BEXXAR® Therapeutic Regimen) Shows Efficacy in Elderly Patients (pts) with Relapsed/Refractory Low-Grade (LG), Follicular, and Transformed Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL).

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2630-2630
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Gregory ◽  
Andrew Zelenetz ◽  
Susan J. Knox ◽  
Julie Vose ◽  
John P. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Prior Therapy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: Pts are first diagnosed with NHL at a median age of 60 yrs. There is increasing support for the idea that physicians should evaluate older pts for cancer treatment on the basis of their health status and cognitive function rather than on chronologic age. Five core clinical trials and an expanded-access program included 995 pts with relapsed/refractory LG follicular or transformed NHL treated with BEXXAR. Data were analyzed to establish the efficacy and safety of BEXXAR as a function of age. Safety data have been presented previously (Gregory et al. Blood. 2003;102. Abstract 1485). Overall toxicity and acute hematologic toxicity associated with BEXXAR in older pts is similar to that observed in pts ≤60 yrs. Methods: BEXXAR efficacy was analyzed by age: group 1 pts, ≤60 yrs (n=586); group 2 pts, >60–≤70 yrs (n=250); group 3 pts, >70 yrs (n=159). Median age at time of BEXXAR was 58 yrs (range, 21–88 yrs). Inclusion criteria included KPS ≥60, platelet count ≥100,000/mm3, ANC ≥1,500 cells/mm3, bone marrow involvement ≤25%, and no impaired renal, hepatic, or cardiac function. Results: All 3 pt groups had received multiple therapies for NHL before receiving BEXXAR (1–3 prior treatments, 63%–65%; ≥4 prior treatments, 34%–37%). In addition to the known poorer prognosis with older age, pts in groups 2 and 3 more frequently had other poor prognostic features, ie, transformed histology and prior radiotherapy (P <.001). Complete response rates (CR+CCR) to the most recent pre-BEXXAR therapy decreased with increasing age (group 1, 21%; group 2, 12%; group 3, 7%), and progressive disease as the initial “response” to prior therapy increased with age (group 1, 20%; group 2, 29%; group 3, 33%). Table 1 shows response rates and CR post- BEXXAR for the 3 groups. Post-BEXXAR CR+CCR rates were higher for pts in every age group compared with CR rates to prior therapy. These rates were nearly doubled for pts >60–≤70 yrs (23% vs 12%) and tripled for pts >70 yrs (23% vs 7%). Conclusions: Of all previously treated pts >60 yrs, ≥50% achieved a response post-BEXXAR. Nearly 25% of pts >60 yrs achieved a CR, with a median duration of CR of 32.3 mos. Response rates and durations of response are somewhat better in younger pts than in pts >60 yrs, but pts >60 yrs presented with poorer prognostic features (as above). Overall toxicity and acute hematologic toxicity associated with BEXXAR in older pts is similar to that observed in pts ≤60 yrs (Gregory et al. Blood. 2003;102. Abstract 1485). BEXXAR can be administered safely and effectively to older pts with low-grade follicular or transformed NHL. Table 1 Response results to BEXXAR by age, N = 995 Age groups Overall response, % CR, % Median CR duration, mos ≤ 60 66 37 59.1 (n=586) 95% CI = 45.8, NR) 60 to ≤70 N = 250 50 23 21.8 (n=250) (95% CI = 15.7, 69.1) >70 54 23 36.4 (n=159) (95% CI = 22.6, NR)

Chorangiosis of Chorionic Villi: What Does It Really Mean?

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Stanek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Chorangiosis has been regarded as a result of low-grade placental hypoxia associated with pregnancy risk factors and abnormal outcomes. It is unknown whether these are a consequence of chorangiosis itself or of associated other placental pathology.Context.— To prove that chorangiosis itself does not portend an increased risk for pregnancy unless associated with other placental pathology.Objective.— This retrospective statistical study analyzes 1231 consecutive placentas with diffuse or focal hypervascularity of chorionic villi: 328 with preuterine pattern of chronic hypoxic placental injury (group 1), 297 with uterine type of chronic hypoxic placental injury (group 2), and 606 cases with chorangiosis (group 3) not fulfilling the inclusion criteria for groups 1 or 2.Design.— Group 2, with 33 cases of chorangiosis (11.1%), featured 10 and 11 statistically significant highest percentages of abnormal clinical and placental variables, respectively; group 3 featured the highest percentages of multiple pregnancy, the heaviest placentas, and the most common acute chorioamnionitis, fetal inflammatory response; and group 1 had the highest proportion of mild erythroblastosis of fetal blood. When comparing groups 1 and 3, 21 of 29 clinical risk factors/outcomes (72.4%) and 30 of 41 placental variables (73.2%) were more common in group 1.Results.— Presence of diffuse hypoxic patterns of placental injury adds prognostically negative significance to increased vascularity of chorionic villi. Chorangiosis without those patterns portends minimal risk for the pregnancy, and is associated with significantly fewer pregnancy risk factors, abnormal outcomes, and other placental abnormalities.Conclusions.—

scholarly journals Alterations in ALK/ROS1/NTRK/MET drive a group of infantile hemispheric gliomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana S. Guerreiro Stucklin ◽  
Scott Ryall ◽  
Kohei Fukuoka ◽  
Michal Zapotocky ◽  
Alvaro Lassaletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Infant gliomas have paradoxical clinical behavior compared to those in children and adults: low-grade tumors have a higher mortality rate, while high-grade tumors have a better outcome. However, we have little understanding of their biology and therefore cannot explain this behavior nor what constitutes optimal clinical management. Here we report a comprehensive genetic analysis of an international cohort of clinically annotated infant gliomas, revealing 3 clinical subgroups. Group 1 tumors arise in the cerebral hemispheres and harbor alterations in the receptor tyrosine kinases ALK, ROS1, NTRK and MET. These are typically single-events and confer an intermediate outcome. Groups 2 and 3 gliomas harbor RAS/MAPK pathway mutations and arise in the hemispheres and midline, respectively. Group 2 tumors have excellent long-term survival, while group 3 tumors progress rapidly and do not respond well to chemoradiation. We conclude that infant gliomas comprise 3 subgroups, justifying the need for specialized therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Benign Angiomatous and Microcystic Meningiomas with Extensive Peritumoral Edema from High Grade Meningiomas with Aid of Diffusion Weighted MRI

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avetis Azizyan ◽  
Paula Eboli ◽  
Doniel Drazin ◽  
James Mirocha ◽  
Marcel M. Maya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Peritumoral Edema ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To determine whether angiomatous and microcystic meningiomas which mimic high grade meningiomas based on extent of peritumoral edema can be reliably differentiated as low grade tumors using normalized apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.Methods. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of seventy patients with meningiomas was reviewed. Morphologically, the tumors were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 contained 12 pure microcystic, 3 pure angiomatoid and 7 mixed angiomatoid and microcystic tumors. Group 2 included World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and WHO grade III tumors, of which 28 were atypical and 9 were anaplastic meningiomas. Group 3 included WHO grade I tumors of morphology different than angiomatoid and microcystic. Peritumoral edema, normalized ADC, and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were obtained for all meningiomas.Results. Edema index of tumors in group 1 and group 2 was significantly higher than in group 3. Normalized ADC value in group 1 was higher than in group 2, but not statistically significant between groups 1 and 3. CBV values showed no significant group differences.Conclusion. A combination of peritumoral edema index and normalized ADC value is a novel approach to preoperative differentiation between true aggressive meningiomas and mimickers such as angiomatous and microcystic meningiomas.

scholarly journals Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric neurosurgery: safety and utility

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Giordano ◽  
Amir Samii ◽  
Anna C. Lawson McLean ◽  
Helmut Bertalanffy ◽  
Rudolf Fahlbusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Field ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE The use of high-field intraoperative MRI has been largely studied for the treatment of intracranial tumors in adult patients. In this study, the authors investigated the safety, advantages, and limitations of high-field iMRI for cranial neurosurgical procedures in pediatric patients, with particular attention to craniopharyngiomas and gliomas. METHODS The authors performed 82 surgical procedures in patients under 16 years of age (range 0.8–15 years) over an 8-year period (2007–2014) using iMRI. The population was divided into 3 groups based on the condition treated: sellar region tumors (Group 1), gliomas (Group 2), and other pathological entities (Group 3). The patients' pre- and postoperative neurological status, the presence of residual tumor, the number of intraoperative scans, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS In Group 1, gross-total resection (GTR) was performed in 22 (88%) of the procedures and subtotal resection (STR) in 3 (12%). In Group 2, GTR, STR, and partial resection (PR) were performed, respectively, in 15 (56%), 7 (26%), and 5 (18%) of the procedures. In Group 3, GTR was performed in 28 (93%) and STR in 2 (7%) of the procedures. In cases of craniopharyngioma (Group 1) and glioma (Group 2) in which a complete removal was planned, iMRI allowed localization of residual lesions and attainment of the surgical goal through further resection, respectively, in 18% and 27% of the procedures. Moreover, in gliomas the resection could be extended from partial to subtotal in 50% of the cases. In 17% of the patients in Group 3, iMRI enabled the identification and further removal of tumor remnants. There was no intra- or postoperative complication related to the use of iMRI despite special technical difficulties in smaller children. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the use of iMRI in children proved to be safe. It was most effective in increasing the extent of tumor resection, especially in patients with low-grade gliomas and craniopharyngiomas. The most prominent disadvantage of high-field iMRI was the limitation with respect to operative positioning due to the configuration of the surgical table.

Comparison of Different Treatment Schedules of Mitomycin C Intravesical Instillation in High-Risk Superficial Bladder Cancer Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (03) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Ray Chen ◽  
Chien-Chang Kao ◽  
Chih-Wei Tsao ◽  
Shou-Hung Tang ◽  
Meng En ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective This study was performed to compare the efficacy of intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) instillation for the prophylaxis of Ta or T1 high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) using different schedules. Materials and methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 152 patients treated with intravesical MMC from April 2009 to September 2016. The mean follow-up time was 32.67 months. All patients underwent a complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and postoperative instillation of MMC within 24 h. The patients were divided into 4 treatment groups: Group 1 was followed-up without any maintenance MMC dose treatment; Group 2 received an MMC instillation once per week for the first 8 weeks; Group 3 received an MMC instillation once per week for the first 8 weeks, and once per month for the following 6 months; and Group 4 received an MMC instillation once per week for the first 8 weeks, and once per month for the following 12 months. Results The overall recurrence rate was 27.6 %. Group 1 had a significantly high (p < 0.05) recurrence rate of 50 %, while there was no difference in the recurrence rate between the last 3 schedules (Group 2:15 %; Group 3: 24.1 %; group 4: 27.2 %). Moreover, the recurrence rates of Ta or T1 tumors, and low-grade or high-grade tumors were not statistically different among these patient groups. Conclusion Our comparison of the different schedules of intravesical MMC instillation revealed a significantly higher recurrence rate with one MMC instillation post-TURBT than in patients with a maintenance dose of 8 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. The time of the MMC maintenance schedule exhibited no significant differences between 8 weeks and 12 months. Thus, we conclude that for T1 or Ta high-risk NMIBC, MMC instillation can be performed once after TURBT, followed by a maintenance treatment once per week for 8 weeks.

scholarly journals Release of nickel ion and surface microstructure of NiTi archwire after immersion in tomato and orange juice

2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
H F Lubis ◽  
Y A Purba
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Surface Microstructure ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Nickel Ion ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract One of wires commonly used in orthodontic treatment is nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwire. NiTi archwire has the potential to release ions that can cause allergic and cytotoxic reactions. This study aimed to specify the difference in the amount of nickel ion release and surface microstructure of NiTi archwires after immersing in tomato and orange juice. NiTi archwire with a diameter of 0.016 inches and a length of 5 cm was used as the sample, which was immersed in 15 ml of solution and then stored at 37°C in an incubator for 24 hours. The samples were divided into two tretment groups (immersed in tomato and orange juice), each with nine samples. The immersion solution was tested for ion release using an Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometer. The microstructure of the wire surface was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that group 1 has higher average amount of nickel ion release than group 2 and control. SEM result showed that the surface microstructure of the NiTi archwire in group 1 is roughest. There was a significant difference between the amount of nickel ion released and surface microstructure on NiTi archwire after being immersed in tomato and orange juice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of heterogeneous factors of low-grade prostate cancer in patients before and after radical prostatectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
E. I. Veliev ◽  
D. A. Goncharuk ◽  
E. A. Sokolov ◽  
E. V. Ivkin ◽  
O. V. Paklina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cancer Aggressiveness ◽  
Degree Of Malignancy ◽  
Psa Velocity ◽  
Oncological Results ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: to determine the degree of heterogeneity of prostate cancer Gleason 6 (3 + 3) by assessing: long-term oncological results, mismatch of pre- and postoperative degree of prostate cancer aggressiveness, preoperative clinical component.Materials and methods. 528 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and Gleason»s preoperative score of 6 (3 + 3). All patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 151) — Gleason 6, prostate specific antigen (PSA) density <0.15ng/ml/cm3, ≤4 positive biopsy cores, <50 % lesion of the biopsy cores, group 2 (n = 229) — Gleason 6, PSA <10 ng/ml and group 3 (n = 148) — Gleason 6, PSA >10 ng/ml.Results. Statistically significant differences between group 1 and group 2 were observed only when assessing PSA velocity (p <0.017). The median time to the development of biochemical relapse (BCR) in the study population was 12 (3—77) months. BCR in group 1 was observed in 1.98 % of patients, in group 2 and 3 — 7.86 and 14.19 %, respectively. Statistically significant differences in the time of onset of BCR within 2 years after surgery were found between groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.002) and group 1 and 3 (p = 0.0001). An increase in the degree of malignancy after surgery in group 1 was determined only in 13 % of patients, in group 2 in 27 %, in group 3 in 43 % of patients. The contribution of a greater postoperative degree of malignancy of prostate cancer to the development of BCR in group 1 was 1.32 % (2 out of 3 patients). Thus, in group 1 in the case of true Gleason 6 (3 + 3), the probability of BCR was 0.66 %.Conclusion. PSA velocity before surgery showed a statistical difference between groups 1 and 2. Based on long-term oncological results after surgery, heterogeneous behavior of the tumor is observed among the study groups. Group 1 in comparison with group 2 and 3 showed the lowest frequency of increase in the Gleason score and the likelihood of developing BCR after surgery. These results may be useful in planning an individual patient treatment plan.

Detection of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) DNA in endocervical samples from a positive and negative HPV woman of Córdoba, Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Patricia Biganzoli ◽  
María Celia Frutos ◽  
Fernando Venezuela ◽  
Jessica Mosmann ◽  
Ana Kiguen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Normal Cytology ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Group 1

AimsThe purpose of the present study was to elucidate the presence of human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A), HHV-6B and HHV-7 in samples of the uterine cervix through detection of viral DNA. We analysed normal tissues, samples with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). We correlated the presence of HHV-6 and HHV-7 with the finding of human papillomavirus (HPV) in mucosal samples.MethodsCervical samples were examined and grouped as follows: group 1 (n=29), normal cytology; group 2 (n=61), samples with LSIL; group 3 (n=35), samples with HSIL. Molecular biology examinations were performed in all samples to detect HHV-6, HHV-7 and HPV DNA and to typify HHV-6 species.ResultsGroup 1: normal cytology and HPV (−): HHV-6: 6.8% (2/29), HHV-7: 79.3% (23/29); group 2: LSIL and HPV (−): HHV-6: 93.1% (27/29), HHV-7: 96.5% (28/29); LSIL and HPV (+): HHV-6: 0% (0/32), HHV-7: 90.6% (29/32); group 3: HSIL and HPV (−): HHV-6: 20% (2/10), HHV-7: 70% (7/10); HSIL HPV (+): HHV-6: 12% (3/25), HHV-7: 68% (17/25). HHV-6A DNA was not detected in any samples.Conclusions(1) Both HHV-6 and HHV-7 infect the mucosal cells of the cervix with higher prevalence of HHV-7. (2) The higher prevalence of HHV-6 in LSIL HPV (−) samples compared with those with normal cytology indicates that it constitutes a possible risk factor for atypia production. (3) The presence of HHV-7 in all samples questions its role in the production of atypia. (4) The finding of HHV-6 and HHV-7 suggests that the cervical mucosa is a possible transmission pathway for these viruses.

Appendiceal Cancer and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: A Report of 29 Cases

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 714-718
Author(s):  
Jesus Esquivel ◽  
Barry Merriman ◽  
Sallie Davis ◽  
Darrell Manning
Keyword(s):  
Median Survival ◽  
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Peritoneal Surface Malignancies ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Peritoneal surface malignancies of appendiceal origin arise from a perforated neoplasm with gradual expansion of the tumor within the abdomen. We report our experience with 29 patients. Between February 2000 and November 2004, 29 patients were classified into one of three groups based on the features of their peritoneal dissemination. Group 1 included those with extracellular mucin with little cellular atypia (disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis/low-grade mucinous adenocarcinomas). Group 2 included those with peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis/high-grade mucinous adenocarcinomas, and Group 3 included those with nonmucinous carcinomatosis. There were 17 patients in Group 1, 9 in Group 2, and 3 in Group 3. The majority had cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. There were no operative deaths. Mean follow-up was 21 months. Median survival for Groups 1 and 2 has not been reached. Group 3 patients were more likely to die than Group 1 patients, with a hazard ratio of 48.0 ( P = 0.001), and Group 2 patients with a hazard ratio of 7.8 ( P = 0.029). Median survival for Group 3 was 5 months. These data add to the growing evidence that supports cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy in a selected group of patients. Those with mucinous peritoneal dissemination are more likely to benefit from this approach. It appears that in patients with nonmucinous carcinomatosis, the biology of the tumor predicts their outcome.

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