Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is associated with black lung and silicosis diseases in underground miners. Although only RCMD mass and silica concentrations are regulated, it is possible that particle size, surface area, and other chemical constituents also contribute to its adverse health effects. This review summarizes measurement technologies for RCMD mass concentrations, morphology, size distributions, and chemical compositions, with examples from published efforts where these methods have been applied. Some state-of-the-art technologies presented in this paper have not been certified as intrinsically safe, and caution should be exerted for their use in explosive environments. RCMD mass concentrations are most often obtained by filter sampling followed by gravimetric analysis, but recent requirements for real-time monitoring by continuous personal dust monitors (CPDM) enable quicker exposure risk assessments. Emerging low-cost photometers provide an opportunity for a wider deployment of real-time exposure assessment. Particle size distributions can be determined by microscopy, cascade impactors, aerodynamic spectrometers, optical particle counters, and electrical mobility analyzers, each with unique advantages and limitations. Different filter media are required to collect integrated samples over working shifts for comprehensive chemical analysis. Teflon membrane filters are used for mass by gravimetry, elements by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, rare-earth elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Quartz fiber filters are analyzed for organic, elemental, and brown carbon by thermal/optical methods and non-polar organics by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polycarbonate-membrane filters are analyzed for morphology and elements by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray, and quartz content by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

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Evaluation of the respirable dust dosimeter for real-time assessment of airborne respirable coal mine dust exposures

Mine Ventilation ◽

10.1201/9781439833742.ch82 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R Ramani ◽

V Marple ◽

J Mutmansky ◽

J Volkwein ◽

B Olson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Coal Mine ◽

Respirable Dust ◽

Mine Dust ◽

Time Assessment

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X-Ray Dynamical Diffraction in Powder Samples with Time-Dependent Particle Size Distributions - ADDENDUM

MRS Advances ◽

10.1557/adv.2020.113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (29-30) ◽

pp. 1623-1623

Author(s):

Adriana Valério ◽

Sérgio L. Morelhão ◽

Alex J. Freitas Cabral ◽

Márcio M. Soares ◽

Cláudio M. R. Remédios

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Size Distributions ◽

Particle Size Distributions ◽

Dynamical Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Powder Samples

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Variability of Particle Size-Specific Fractions of Personal Coal Mine Dust Exposures

AIHAJ ◽

10.1080/15428119591017079 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 243-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Noah S. Seixas ◽

Paul Hewett ◽

Thomas G. Robins ◽

Robert Haney

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Coal Mine ◽

Mine Dust

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A correlative method to quantitatively image trace concentrations of elements by combined SIMS-EDX analysis

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ◽

10.1039/d0ja00289e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lluís Yedra ◽

C. N. Shyam Kumar ◽

Alisa Pshenova ◽

Esther Lentzen ◽

Patrick Philipp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

New Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Edx Analysis ◽

Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Trace Concentrations ◽

Secondary Ion

The study demonstrates a new method to quantify Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) images by using a synergetic combination of Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and SIMS.

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Real-time synthesis and detection of plasmonic metal (Au, Ag) nanoparticles under monochromatic X-ray nano-tomography

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-77853-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amardeep Bharti ◽

Keun Hwa Chae ◽

Navdeep Goyal

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Real Time ◽

Reduction Process ◽

Localized Surface Plasmon ◽

Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

The Real ◽

Size And Shape

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructures are of immense interest of research due to its widespread applications in microelectronics, photonics, and biotechnology, because of its size and shape-dependent localized surface plasmon resonance response. The great efforts have been constructed by physicists, chemists, and material scientists to deliver optimized reaction protocol to tailor the size and shape of nanostructures. Real-time characterization emerges out as a versatile tool in perspective to the optimization of synthesis parameters. Moreover, in the past decades, radiation-induced reduction of metallic-salt to nanoparticles dominates over the conventional direct chemical reduction process which overcomes the production of secondary products and yields ultra-high quality and pure nanostructures. Here we show, the real-time/in-situ synthesis and detection of plasmonic (Au andAg) nanoparticles using single synchrotron monochromatic 6.7 keV X-rays based Nano-Tomography beamline. The real-time X-ray nano-tomography of plasmonic nanostructures has been first-time successfully achieved at such a low-energy that would be leading to the possibility of these experiments at laboratory-based sources. In-situ optical imaging confirms the radiolysis of water molecule resulting in the production of $$e_{aq}^-,\,OH^\bullet ,$$ e aq - , O H ∙ , and $$O_2^-$$ O 2 - under X-ray irradiation. The obtained particle-size and size-distribution by X-ray tomography are in good agreement to TEM results. The effect of different chemical environment media on the particle-size has also been studied. This work provides the protocol to precisely control the size of nanostructures and to synthesize the ultrahigh-purity grade monodisperse nanoparticles that would definitely enhance the phase-contrast in cancer bio-imaging and plasmonic photovoltaic application.

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Spatial and Seasonal Variations of PM Concentration and Size Distribution in Manure-Belt Poultry Layer Houses

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.12950 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 415-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Reyna M. Knight ◽

Xinjie Tong ◽

Zhenyu Liu ◽

Sewoon Hong ◽

Lingying Zhao

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Size Distributions ◽

Particle Size Distributions ◽

Potential Health ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Autumn And Winter ◽

Mass Concentrations

Abstract. Poultry layer houses are a significant source of particulate matter (PM) emissions, which potentially affect worker and animal health. Particulate matter characteristics, such as concentration and size distribution inside layer houses, are critical information for assessment of the potential health risks and development of effective PM mitigation technologies. However, this information and its spatial and seasonal variations are lacking for typical layer facilities. In this study, two TSI DustTrak monitors (DRX 8533) and an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS 3321) were used to measure PM mass concentrations and number-weighted particle size distributions in two typical manure-belt poultry layer houses in Ohio in three seasons: summer, autumn, and winter. Bimodal particle size distributions were consistently observed. The average count median diameters (mean ±SD) were 1.68 ±0.25, 2.16 ±0.31, and 1.87 ±0.07 µm in summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The average geometric standard deviations of particle size were 2.16 ±0.23, 2.16 ±0.18, and 1.74 ±0.17 in the three seasons, respectively. The average mass concentrations were 67.4 ±54.9, 289.9 ±216.2, and 428.1 ±269.9 µg m-3 for PM2.5; 73.6 ±59.5, 314.6 ±228.9, and 480.8 ±306.5 µg m-3 for PM4; and 118.8 ±99.6, 532.5 ±353.0, and 686.2 ±417.7 µg m-3 for PM10 in the three seasons, respectively. Both statistically significant (p < 0.05) and practically significant (difference of means >20% of smaller value) seasonal variations were observed. Spatial variations were only practically significant for autumn mass concentrations, likely due to external dust infiltration from nearby agricultural activities. The OSHA-mandated permissible exposure limit for respirable PM was not exceeded in any season. Keywords: Air quality, Particulate matter, Poultry housing, Seasonal variation, Spatial variation.

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Phase and Particle Size Analysis of SnO2 Nanomaterials

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1109.314 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1109 ◽

pp. 314-318

Author(s):

Nor Diyana Abdul Aziz ◽

Kelimah Elong ◽

Norlida Kamarulzaman

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Annealed Sample ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Size Distributions ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Particle Size Distributions ◽

X Ray ◽

Particle Sizer

Tin Oxide (SnO2) is a metal oxide which has many applications in industry. In this study, SnO2 powders were synthesized by a self-propagating combustion (SPC) method. The product was annealed at 800 °C for 12 and 24 h before characterizing with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for phase studies. X-Ray Diffraction results showed that both samples are pure of tetragonal structure with space group P42/mnm. The sample annealed at a longer period, that is, 24 h, shows a higher degree of crystallinity compared to the 12 h annealed sample. It also shows a smaller full width at half maximum (FWHM), indicating larger crystallite size for the 24 h annealed sample. The particle size analysis reveals that there are two groups of particle size distributions for both samples. SEM results give values that are different from the particle sizer results due to the different nature of the measurement methods.

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