scholarly journals Revisiting the Organic Template Model through the Microstructural Study of Shell Development in Pinctada margaritifera, the Polynesian Pearl Oyster

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Cuif ◽  
Yannicke Dauphin ◽  
Gilles Luquet ◽  
Kadda Medjoubi ◽  
Andrea Somogyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Prismatic Layer ◽  
Pinctada Margaritifera ◽  
Microstructural Study ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Gathering Data

A top-down approach to the mineralized structures and developmental steps that can be separated in the shells of Pinctada margaritifera was carried out. Detailed characterizations show that each of the two major layers usually taken into account (the outer prismatic layer and the inner nacreous layer) is actually the result of a complex process during which the microstructural patterns were progressively established. From its early growing stages in the deeper part of the periostracal grove up to the formation of the most inner nacreous layers, this species provides a demonstrative case study illustrating the leading role of specifically secreted organic structures as determinants of the crystallographic properties of the shell-building units. Gathering data established at various observational scales ranging from morphology to the nanometer level, this study allows for a reexamination of the recent and current biomineralization models.

Improving public housing policies that target low-income households: The value of adding proximity to discretion

2021 ◽  
pp. 239965442110411
Author(s):  
Lauro Gonzalez ◽  
Fernanda Lima-Silva ◽  
Marlei Pozzebon
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Leading Role

Research on street-level bureaucrats has examined the various ways in which these professionals have implemented public policies in areas such as healthcare, education, and security, often emphasizing the role played by discretion in the implementation process. Despite its importance, the concept of street-level bureaucracy has scarcely been approached by housing studies. This study focuses on the role of street-level workers in the delivery of public housing to the lower-income population. We affirm the value of complementing street-level discretion with the concept of proximity, a premise borrowed from the microfinance literature, to increase the understanding of the interactions and relationships established between street-level workers and policy recipients during the implementation process. Such complementarity may contribute to a more accurate understanding of the housing policy implementation dynamics on the street-level and the possible adjustments to meet local needs. To explore this issue, we used a theoretical lens inspired by Goffman’s frame analysis that points to the importance of relational mechanisms that characterize the interactions between street-level workers and beneficiaries. These lenses were applied to a collective case study of Minha Casa Minha Vida-Entidades, a Brazilian subprogram in which street-level workers linked to social housing movements assume a leading role in the planning and execution of interventions. The results indicate that the combination of proximity and discretion has a positive influence on the implementation of housing policies. Our analysis shows the existence of nonprofit-oriented arrangements that may present different features and nuances at the implementation (micro) level and contribute to the (macro) debate on housing policies.

scholarly journals Between gentrification and reurbanisation: The participatory dimension of bottom-up regeneration in Gdańsk, Poland

Geografie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Grabkowska
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Careful Investigation

Urban regeneration has become a key issue in the development of contemporary cities. The paper discusses bottom-up regeneration practices performed by inhabitants of a decaying inner-city neighbourhood under post-socialist conditions, which differ notably from the widely researched Western European context. Results of a qualitative study in Wrzeszcz Dolny, Gdańsk, have indicated the leading role of newcomers to the area in animating bottom-up regeneration efforts, which in turn translate into an activation and integration of the local community. Thus, it is argued that an in-migration into the inner city, usually interpreted as gentrification, does not necessarily generate losses for the indigenous inhabitants but can also bring a desired social change and significantly contribute to the building of inclusive civil society. The presented case study therefore signals the need for a careful investigation and precise labelling of the post-socialist inner-city transformation processes, as well as demonstrates how increasing participation might be employed as the potential antidote to ills associated with gentrification.

scholarly journals Study of the Transformation of Industrial Heritage from the Perspective of Holistic Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Zhang HUA ◽  
Liu YANING ◽  
Jilong WANG
Keyword(s):  
Main Role ◽  
Industrial Upgrading ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Major Transition ◽  
The Government

In the past few years, with the development of technology and industrial upgrading, a growing number of countries are facing the problem of how to transform their industrial heritages, especially if they are in downtowns. Public administration top managers have a main role in this complex process of purpose and ownership changes. By examining the transformation of industrial heritage in Shanghai – a case-study examined through interviews, chronology of events and content analyses –, this paper explores how the government has used the idea of holistic governance in creating an exhaustive plan and implementing it. The study also explores the government’s attempt to build social consensus regarding that major transition, including the role of communication with citizens.

scholarly journals From ‘feminisation’ to ‘feministisation’ in Galician Nationalism: the case study of women in the Bloque Nacionalista Galego

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora González otero
Keyword(s):  
Women Activists ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Depth Interviews

Given the current wave of nationalisms in Spain, this research project aims to explore the connection between nationalism and women in Galicia, a nation in north-western Spain. Through Lovenduski’s framework of ‘feminising politics‘, and Dean and Maiguashca’s ‘feministisation’ analytical criteria, this qualitative study seeks to identify the process of ‘feministisation’ that has been taken place in Galician nationalism, the role of women activists in this process and the obstacles encountered; ultimately assessing this ‘feministisation’ as a strategy to find a path towards reconciliation.Based on the experiences of women activists collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, the study has identified that the alliance of feminism and nationalism has allowed international and local networks to be interwoven, and it has also positioned feminist values and gender analysis at the core of the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG), one of the institutional organisations within Galician nationalism. Additionally, it has defined ‘feministisation’ as a complex process where the wide context of an internal crisis, the years of collective work by feminist groups and individuals, and the current hegemonic acceptance of feminism in Galician society have played their part. The study concludes that there is substantial evidence to identify a process of feministisation that is taking place within the Galician Nationalist Bloc and that the characteristics and values of this process could become a strategy to forge a path towards a more tolerant and internationalist reconciliation.

PROMOTING THE PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN PROFESSIONS FOR THE ETHICS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AS A CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-70
Author(s):  
بله أحمد بلال أحمد
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Use Of The Internet

This study aimed at introducing the use of the Internet in providing information services in libraries and information centers, as well as clarifying the leading role of the Internet in terms of the purposes of its use and ways to benefit from it through a theoretical study on the description and analysis of the use of the Internet in this and identify the positive aspects in order to promote and develop. I have relied on the documentary and descriptive approach as well as observation through the researcher's professional experience. The results showed that the use of the global network will save a lot of time, effort and costs by investing its potential to perform many direct and indirect services and recommended the need to provide the necessary requirements of equipment and software activities and functions performed by libraries and information centers.

Community Development and Faith-Based Organizations

2015 ◽  
pp. 172-207
Author(s):  
Stephanie Wrightman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
State Actors

This chapter is a reflection of analyses, experiences and research on the opportunities and challenges of working with faith-based organisations (FBO's) in the context of global health. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate the important role that FBO's have with state and non-state actors in the development of communities in complex contexts. The role of FBO's in development are demonstrated in reference to the Author's work experience with FBO's, which form case studies in East Africa, and Timor Leste. Further analyses through literature build on these experiences to demonstrate the leading role FBO's can have with state and non-state actors, and the effects on public health. In the case study of Timor Leste, suggestions are proposed to overcome challenges and build on the opportunities of state and non-state actors incorporating the Catholic Church into health programs.

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