scholarly journals A New Method to Analyze the Mine Liquidation Costs in Poland

Mining ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-363
Author(s):  
Janusz Smoliło ◽  
Andrzej Chmiela ◽  
Marta Gajdzik ◽  
Javier Menéndez ◽  
Jorge Loredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Liquidation Cost

Coal mine closure processes are being carried out in the European Union due to the current energy transition. The use of coal-fired power plants has been significantly reduced in recent years. Because of the significant financial outlays, processes of rationalization and minimization of the mine liquidation cost should be carried out. In this paper, a statistical analysis of the liquidation processes in hard coal mines in Poland was carried out. A new tool was developed in order to optimize the mine liquidation costs. The mine liquidation process can be divided into ten different processes, which have been analyzed in detail in this research work. The method of the assessment of the amount of estimated liquidation costs described is based on the analysis of the total liquidation cost. The presented method of signaling deviations of the costs of the liquidation of the mining plant from the average value is a useful tool in the process approach to the issues connected with the restructuring of post-industrial property. The presented cost assessment procedure may facilitate the monitoring of conducted activities in terms of rationalization and minimization of the costs incurred. Finally, the proposed method for assessing the cost of mine liquidation is understandable, simple, and easy to use for applications in preliminary design works and on-going engineering works.

scholarly journals Investigating Theoretical PV Energy Generation Patterns with Their Relation to the Power Load Curve in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Jurasz ◽  
Jerzy Mikulik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Gross Energy

Polish energy sector is (almost from its origin) dominated by fossil fuel feed power. This situation results from an abundance of relatively cheap coal (hard and lignite). Brown coal due to its nature is the cheapest energy source in Poland. However, hard coal which fuels 60% of polish power plants is picking up on prices and is susceptible to the coal imported from neighboring countries. Forced by the European Union (EU) regulations, Poland is struggling at achieving its goal of reaching 15% of energy consumption from renewable energy sources (RES) by 2020. Over the year 2015, RES covered 11.3% of gross energy consumption but this generation was dominated by solid biomass (over 80%). The aim of this paper was to answer the following research questions: What is the relation of irradiation values to the power load on a yearly and daily basis? and how should photovoltaics (PV) be integrated in the polish power system? Conducted analysis allowed us to state that there exists a negative correlation between power demand and irradiation values on a yearly basis, but this is likely to change in the future. Secondly, on average, daily values of irradiation tend to follow power load curve over the first hours of the day.

Aspects of Logistics in Biomass Supply for Energy Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kot ◽  
Beata Ślusarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
State Governments ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Biomass Supply ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
The Cost

Energy production from biomass is now a very popular trend in energy generation. These initiatives are supported by the European Union legislation and state governments. Undoubtedly, the idea of renewable energy production can be justified and promising. However, it should be considered from a wider perspective of supply chain than merely focusing on the share of renewable sources in total energy production. The economic and ecological importance of biomass use to energy generation largely depends on the logistics of biomass supply to power plants. The location of biomass sources and the organization of supply are very important stages that impact on final economic results of energy production. Furthermore, the improper choice of means of transport and process organization for managing renewable sources of energy might have a negative ecological effect. Therefore, the authors attempted to analyze the cost-related aspects of biomass supply (including the seasonal biomass price fluctuation) to the analyzed power plant and the effect of this factor on financial results of energy production.

Standard Critical Path and Selection of Most Economic and Quality Contractors for Construction of Thermal Power Plant: A Case Study in NTPC

Metamorphosis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
D. K. Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Decision Under Risk ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

In India, most of the thermal power plants were built by National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Ltd and different state electricity boards. The thumb rule indicates that out of the total project construction cost, 70 per cent goes to the cost of project materials, while 30 per cent goes to the cost construction work which leads us to select the most competitive material suppliers and construction contractors. The objectives of this research work are (a) to select a contractor based on cost economy, (b) to find out the standard critical path for constructing a thermal power plant, and (c) to identify the critical activities in constructing a 500 MW thermal power plant. Through literature review, six important factors were identified to judge the quality of the contractor before awarding the contract. In project management, the selection of contractor on the basis of probability of their performance comes within the purview of decision under risk, and hence decision tree has been used as a methodology for the selection of contractor. For computing the critical path, the project network for the construction of the thermal power plant was constructed. The five thermal power projects of NTPC—NTPC Korba, NTPC Talcher, NTPC Rihand, NTPC Sipat, and NTPC Simhadri—were considered, and the construction data of these five projects were used to compute the critical path. Since the completion data of different activities of five projects at different geographical locations with different climates, different site conditions, and different conglomerate of workers were used, so the critical path estimated was accepted as the standard critical path.

scholarly journals Technology of mercury removal from exhaust from coal fired boilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 00024
Author(s):  
Dariusz Łuszkiewicz ◽  
Maria Jędrusik ◽  
Arkadiusz Świerczok
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Metallic Mercury ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Current Emission ◽  
Bat Conclusions

For the Polish power industry, the basic fuel is hard coal and lignite, which contains significant amounts of mercury. Current emission standards in the European Union (IED directive and in the near future BAT conclusions) create conditions for investment in flue gas cleaning installations for coal-fired power plants. During the combustion of coal, mainly metallic mercury (Hg0) is produced, which is difficult to remove from the flue gas in dedusting installations (electrostatic precipitators and fabric filters) and wet flue gas desulphurization plants. In these installations, oxidized mercury (Hg2+) and ash bound mercury (Hg(p)) are removed. In order to reduce the mercury concentration in flue gases, the DEMERTEC technology was created, which is based on the oxidation of metallic mercury to an oxidized form and its removal from flue gas in an existing flue gas de-dusting or de-sulphurization installations. The article presents the results of field tests of the DEMERTEC technology for flue gas from hard coal and lignite. This technology was tested on a ~ 400 MWe unit fed with lignite and on an FGD absorber in which flue gas was purified from two units with a capacity of 195 and 220 MWe fed with hard coal. In both cases, mercury emissions were reduced below the levels required by the BAT conclusions.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Economic Analysis of Underground Pumped-Storage Hydro Power Plants in Abandoned Deep Coal Mines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5634
Author(s):  
Reinhard Madlener ◽  
Jan Martin Specht
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Hydro Power Plants ◽  
Pumped Storage

This study researches the concept of underground pumped-storage hydro power plants in closed-down underground hard coal mines in Germany. After a review on how this could be realized technically, an economic feasibility analysis is presented, with a particular focus on the costs for the underground storage reservoir. The analysis is performed for different lower (i.e., underground) reservoir sizes and temporal arbitrage potentials (peak/off-peak electricity price spreads), and cost uncertainty is dealt with by means of a Monte Carlo simulation for two distinct head heights. The findings regarding costs and acceptability are compared with those of a classic (on-surface) pumped-storage hydro power plant in a mountainous area. Based on a techno-economic evaluation we conclude that under favorable conditions the realization of underground pumped-storage hydro power (UPSHP) plants seems both technically feasible and economically reasonable. More specifically, an extension of a tubular system seems the most promising option. A UPSHP plant in a mineshaft is probably slightly more expensive than a conventional one, an outcome that depends strongly on the feasible head height. However, the significant reduction of the adverse impacts on the landscape and on local residents, as well as a potentially large number of feasible sites in flat terrain, could make UPSHPs an interesting option for the future energy transition, not just in Germany but worldwide at sites where underground mining is being abandoned.

scholarly journals Investment and Profitability of Community Heating Systems Using Bioenergy in Finland: Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11757
Author(s):  
Raghu KC ◽  
Jarno Föhr ◽  
Arun Gyawali ◽  
Tapio Ranta
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
The Cost

Oil heating systems are abundant in rural Finland and they need to be replaced by renewable energy as Finland aims to be carbon neutral by 2035. Bioenergy, one of the renewable energies, is a common source of energy in Finland as the country is rich in forest resources. In Finland, combined heat and power plants utilize such resource to produce district heat and electricity but Finnish rural areas do not have access to the district heating network. However, there are potential scenarios where community heating could be possible using portable chip-fired heating systems (heat containers). Ultimately, the cost of heating is an important factor for the consumers and the cost of investment is likely to put off any interest from the communities. In this research, we explored the cost and profitability of heat container investments in rural Finland and examined the challenges for the energy transition away from oil heating systems, as well as the opportunities decentralized biomass-fired heating systems might bring. The results of this research indicate that the price of heat produced in heat containers is comparatively higher than district heating, which is commonly used in cities in Finland, but is cost-competitive compared to oil heating depending on the price of oil. For example, the current price of LFO (~1 EUR/l) generates costlier heat than the 300 kW heat container provides. Firing wood pellets in the heat container is not economically viable due to expensive raw material but smaller-sized heat container (110 kW) firing wood chips could provide cost-competitive heat if uptime is raised to >2700 h/year. There are socio-economic impacts and value-added effects on the rural region due to utilization of local resource instead of imported LFO but there remain challenges and barriers such as high initial investment, low investment support and lack of policies focused on decentralised energy enterprises.

Determinants and barriers of PV self-consumption in Spain from the perception of the installers for the promotion of distributed energy systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
José Ángel Gimeno ◽  
Eva Llera Sastresa ◽  
Sabina Scarpellini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Transition Scenario

Currently, self-consumption and distributed energy facilities are considered as viable and sustainable solutions in the energy transition scenario within the European Union. In a low carbon society, the exploitation of renewables for self-consumption is closely tied to the energy market at the territorial level, in search of a compromise between competitiveness and the sustainable exploitation of resources. Investments in these facilities are highly sensitive to the existence of favourable conditions at the territorial level, and the energy policies adopted in the European Union have contributed positively to the distributed renewables development and the reduction of their costs in the last decade. However, the number of the installed facilities is uneven in the European Countries and those factors that are more determinant for the investments in self-consumption are still under investigation. In this scenario, this paper presents the main results obtained through the analysis of the determinants in self-consumption investments from a case study in Spain, where the penetration of this type of facilities is being less relevant than in other countries. As a novelty of this study, the main influential drivers and barriers in self-consumption are classified and analysed from the installers' perspective. On the basis of the information obtained from the installers involved in the installation of these facilities, incentives and barriers are analysed within the existing legal framework and the potential specific lines of the promotion for the effective deployment of self-consumption in an energy transition scenario.

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN RASIO KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA KOPERASI KARYAWAN SUCOFINDO (KOPERASI SUCOFINDO JAYA) TAHUN 2009 – 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sri Marti Pramudena
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to determine the financial position and financial performance Cooperative Sucofindo Jaya (KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA) from fiscal year 2009-2011 through a comparative analysis / comparisons and ratio analysis. From the research, the authors obtained a picture that results of the financial position and financial performance of KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA as follows: (1) To Horizontal Analysis of the Balance Sheet shows the overall unfavorable developments as the rise of short-term debt experienced a greater percentage increase than the increase in current assets (2) For Horizontal Analysis of the SHU, SHU in 2010 an increase of 125.38% compared to 2009 and in 2011 increased by 282.47% compared to 2009, but this increase was not followed by a reduction in the burden of cost of goods, especially business and this increase was obtained from the contribution percentage increase in other income. (3) For Vertical Analysis of the Balance Sheet shows that in terms of assets, current assets are assets that make up the largest component but also cause considerable investment value embedded in current assets and also showed asset turnover, receivables turnover and working capital is very low under 1 times. (4) For the SHU Vertical analysis shows that income JAYA KOPSUCOFINDO more than 85% absorbed in the Cost of Goods. (5) For liquidity analysis showed that highly liquid KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA obtain an average value above 400%. (6) For solvency analysis shows that the performance is not good / not solvable because the results of the analysis LITA average of above 95%, Total Debt to Equity Ratio in the top 2.000%, and Net Worth Debt Ratio to average below 4%. (7) For activity ratios indicate that the performance is not good for Turnover of Assets value of 1 times. (8) For the rentability analysis KOPSUCOFINDO JAYA show results for ROA of 0.86% (2009), 1.31% (2010), 1.18% (2011), ROE in 2009 is 14.81%, 26.43% in 2010 and 2011 amounted to 31.11%, for the ROI of 0.56% in 2009, in 2010 was 0.96% and by 0.93% in 2011. (9) For the analysis of profitability, for the analysis of GPM in 2009 amounted to 1.49%, in 2010 of 2.31% and 3.92% in 2011. As for the analysis of NPM in 2009 amounted to 0.97%, in 2010 by 1.70% and by 3.10% in 2011. Keywords:  Cooperative Financial Performance, horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, Analysis of Liquidity, Solvency Analysis, Activity Analysis, Profitability Analysis, profitability analysis

Waste minimization program in Shuaiba Industrial Area

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Muzaini
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Waste Minimization ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Eastern Sector ◽  
Western Sector ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
The Cost

The Shuaiba Industrial Area (SIA) is located about 50 km south of Kuwait City. It accommodates most of the large-scale industries in Kuwait. The total area of the SIA (both eastern and western sectors) is about 22.98 million m2. Fifteen plants are located in the eastern sector and 23 in the western sector, including two petrochemical companies, three refineries, two power plants, a melamine company, an industrial gas corporation, a paper products company and, two steam electricity generating stations, in addition to several other industries. Therefore, only 30 percent of the land in the SIA's eastern sector and 70 percent of land in the SIA's western sector is available for future expansion. Presently, industries in the SIA generate approximately 204,000 t of solid waste. With future development in the industries in the SIA, the estimated quantities will reach 240,000 t. The Shuaiba Area Authority (SAA), a governmental regulatory body responsible for planning and development in the SIA, has recognized the problem of solid waste and has developed an industrial waste minimization program. This program would help to reduce the quantity of waste generated within the SIA and thereby reduce the cost of waste management. This paper presents a description of the waste minimization program and how it is to be implemented by major petroleum companies. The protocols employed in the waste minimization program are detailed.

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