scholarly journals Marylosides A-G, Norcycloartane Glycosides from Leaves of Cymbidium Great Flower ‘Marylaurencin’

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 2504
Author(s):  
Tatsuro Yoneyama ◽  
Kanako Iseki ◽  
Masaaki Noji ◽  
Hiroshi Imagawa ◽  
Toshihiro Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ifn Γ

Seven novel norcycloartane glycosides, maryloside A–G (1–7), were isolated from the leaves of Cymbidium Great Flower ‘Marylaurencin’, along with a known norcycloartane glycoside, cymbidoside (8). These structures were determined on the basis of mainly NMR experiments as well as chemical degradation and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The isolated compounds (1–6 and 8) were evaluated for the inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Consequently, 1 and 3 exhibited moderate activity.

scholarly journals Comparing the protective effects of resveratrol, curcumin and sulforaphane against LPS/IFN-γ-mediated inflammation in doxorubicin-treated macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidy A. Saleh ◽  
Eman Ramdan ◽  
Mohey M. Elmazar ◽  
Hassan M. E. Azzazy ◽  
Anwar Abdelnaser
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Inos Mrna ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy is associated with the release of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages. This has been suggested to be, in part, due to DOX-mediated leakage of endotoxins from gut microflora, which activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages, causing severe inflammation. However, the direct function of DOX on macrophages is still unknown. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that DOX alone is incapable of stimulating inflammatory response in macrophages. Then, we compared the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin (CUR), resveratrol (RES) and sulforaphane (SFN) against lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma (LPS/IFN-γ)-mediated inflammation in the absence or presence of DOX. For this purpose, RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS/IFN-γ (10 ng/mL/10 U/mL) in the absence or presence of DOX (0.1 µM). Our results showed that DOX alone is incapable of stimulating an inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, after 24 h of incubation with LPS/IFN-γ, a significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA levels was observed. Similarly, nitric oxide (NO) production and TNF-α and IL-6 protein levels were significantly upregulated. Moreover, in LPS/IFN-γ-treated macrophages, the microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-21 were significantly overexpressed. Interestingly, upon testing CUR, RES, and SFN against LPS/IFN-γ-mediated inflammation, only SFN was able to significantly reverse the LPS/IFN-γ-mediated induction of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-6 and attenuate miR-146a and miR-155 levels. In conclusion, SFN, at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, exhibits potent immunomodulatory action against LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages, which may indicate SFN as a potential treatment for DOX-associated inflammation.

Sterols from a Vietnamese Wood-Rotting Phellinus sp.

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Ngoc Quang ◽  
Dang Dinh Bach ◽  
Yoshinori Asakawa
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir And Uv Spectroscopy

Phytochemical examination of the methanolic extract from fruit bodies of an unidentified Vietnamese Phellinus species led to the isolation of four compounds, one of which is a new steroid, 25-hydroxy-ergosta-7,24(28)-dien-3β -ol, named phellinol, together with senexonol, trametenolic acid B and ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one. Their structures were determined by 2D NMR, MS, IR and UV spectroscopy. In addition, the absolute configuration of senexonol was established by X-ray crystallographic analysis of its p-bromobenzoate derivative as 22(R)-hydroxy-4(S),14(S)- dimethyl-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one. All compounds moderately suppressed the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells.

scholarly journals Arginase II Downregulates Nitric Oxide (NO) Production and Prevents NO-mediated Apoptosis in Murine Macrophage-derived RAW 264.7 Cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Gotoh ◽  
Masataka Mori
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Expression Plasmid ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Arginase Ii

Excess nitric oxide (NO) induces apoptosis of some cell types, including macrophages. As NO is synthesized by NO synthase (NOS) from arginine, a common substrate of arginase, these two enzymes compete for arginine. There are two known isoforms of arginase, types I and II. Using murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells, we asked if the induction of arginase II would downregulate NO production and hence prevent apoptosis. When cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), the inducible form of NOS (iNOS) was induced, production of NO was elevated, and apoptosis followed. When dexamethasone and cAMP were further added, both iNOS and arginase II were induced, NO production was much decreased, and apoptosis was prevented. When the cells were transfected with an arginase II expression plasmid and treated with LPS/IFN-γ, some cells were rescued from apoptosis. An arginase I expression plasmid was also effective. On the other hand, transfection with the arginase II plasmid did not prevent apoptosis when a NO donor SNAP or a high concentration (12 mM) of arginine was added. These results indicate that arginase II prevents NO-dependent apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells by depleting intracellular arginine and by decreasing NO production.

scholarly journals Regulation of the mouse inducible-type nitric oxide synthase gene promoter by interferon-γ, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and NG-monomethyl-l-arginine

1996 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro WEISZ ◽  
Luigi CICATIELLO ◽  
Hiroyasu ESUMI
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Promoter Activation ◽  
Inos Gene ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) stimulate nitric oxide production in macrophages by inducing transcription of the gene coding for the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We have cloned the mouse iNOS gene promoter and analysed its structural features and its response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and Escherichia coli LPS in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage-like cells. Transcription of a recombinant reporter gene including the promoter and 4 kb of its 5′-flanking DNA, linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene, is stimulated by IFN-γ and, more efficiently, by LPS upon transient transfection in RAW 264.7 cells. Two upstream DNA regions are required for maximal promoter activation by LPS: the first maps between positions -1541 and -775 and the other between -420 and -47, with respect to the major transcriptional start site of the iNOS gene. The upstream-most region also mediates promoter trans-activation by IFN-γ. As reported earlier for transcription of the endogenous iNOS gene, combined stimulation of RAW 264.7 cells with IFN-γ and LPS results in lower activation of the transfected promoter, when compared with LPS alone. NG-Monomethyl-L-arginine, a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase activity, enhances iNOS gene mRNA induction and promoter activation by IFN-γ and LPS, indicating that nitric oxide can influence negatively the responsiveness of this gene to inducers. These results suggest the possibility of a negative regulatory feedback exerted by iNOS on the transcriptional activation of its own gene.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of 1,5-Dimethyl Citrate from Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW 264.7 Mouse Macrophages

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Cheol Baek ◽  
Dahae Lee ◽  
Mun Seok Jo ◽  
Kwang Ho Lee ◽  
Yong Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mouse Macrophages ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Elaeagnaceae; commonly known as “sea buckthorn” and “vitamin tree”), is a spiny deciduous shrub whose fruit is used in foods and traditional medicines. The H. rhamnoides fruit (berry) is rich in vitamin C, with a level exceeding that found in lemons and oranges. H. rhamnoides berries are usually washed and pressed to create pomace and juice. Today, the powder of the aqueous extract of H. rhamnoides berries are sold as a functional food in many countries. As part of our ongoing effort to identify bioactive constituents from natural resources, we aimed to isolate and identify those from the fruits of H. rhamnoides. Phytochemical analysis of the extract of H. rhamnoides fruits led to the isolation and identification of six compounds, namely, a citric acid derivative (1), a phenolic (2), flavonoids (3 and 4), and megastigmane compounds (5 and 6). Treatment with compounds 1–6 did not have any impact on the cell viability of RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. However, pretreatment with these compounds suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the isolated compounds, compound 1 was identified as the most active, with an IC50 of 39.76 ± 0.16 μM. This value was comparable to that of the NG-methyl-L-arginine acetate salt, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor with an IC50 of 28.48 ± 0.05 μM. Western blot analysis demonstrated that compound 1 inhibited the LPS-induced expression of IKKα/β (IκB kinase alpha/beta), I-κBα (inhibitor of kappa B alpha), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, LPS-stimulated cytokine production was detected using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compound 1 decreased interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In summary, the mechanism of action of 1 included the suppression of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting IKKα/β, I-κBα, NF-κB p65, iNOS, and COX-2, and the activities of IL-6 and TNF-α.

Purification, characterization, crystal structure and NO production inhibitory activity of three new sesquiterpenoids from homalomena occulta

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1440-1446
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Zhaoxia Qu ◽  
Guige Hou ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses

Two new isodaucane-type sesquiterpenoids, namely (1R,4S,5S,6R,7S,10R)-isodauc-6,7,10-triol, C15H28O3, (1), and (1R,4S,5S,6S,7S,10R)-isodauc-6,7,10-triol, (2), and a new eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid, 1β,4β,5α-trihydroxyeudesmane, (3), were obtained from the rhizomes of homalomena occulta with the aid of column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D NMR, 2D NMR and HRESIMS. The structure of (1) was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the absolute configuration was assigned with respect to that of the precursor. The single-crystal structure reveals that adjacent molecules of (1) embrace through two groups of intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds to generate a two-dimensional sheet with a 63-net topology. The three compounds were evaluated for their activity against lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitrogen oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells, and (1) showed an inhibitory effect on NO production, with IC50 values of 5.7±0.22 µM.

scholarly journals Acquired interferon γ responsiveness during Caco-2 cell differentiation: effects on iNOS gene expression

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Chavez ◽  
M J Morin ◽  
N Unno ◽  
M P Fink ◽  
R A Hodin
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Inos Mrna ◽  
Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate ◽  
No Production ◽  
Mrna Induction ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Inos Induction

BACKGROUNDImpairment of intestinal barrier function occurs under a variety of inflammatory conditions and is mediated at least in part by interferon γ (IFN-γ) induced nitric oxide (NO) production. Previous in vivo studies have shown that systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment caused an induction of the rat inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA primarily in villus cells, rather than in undifferentiated crypt cells.AIMSTo examine iNOS induction by IFN-γ in vitro as a function of enterocyte differentiation.METHODSPreconfluent and postconfluent Caco-2 cells were treated with IFN-γ in the presence or absence of various inhibitors. Northern analyses were performed to assess the magnitude of iNOS mRNA induction. IFN-γ receptor mRNA and protein levels were determined.RESULTSiNOS mRNA induction by IFN-γ occurred at two hours and was not blocked by cycloheximide, indicating that it is an immediate early response. iNOS induction and nitrite/nitrate increases were inhibited by dexamethasone and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, supporting an important role for the NF-κB transcription factor in this process. The stimulated iNOS induction was seen almost exclusively under conditions of cellular differentiation—that is, in postconfluent Caco-2 cells. This increased IFN-γ responsiveness seen in postconfluent Caco-2 cells correlated with an increased expression of IFN-γ receptor, whereas T84 and HT-29 cells did not show any significant alterations in either iNOS induction or IFN-γ receptor levels as a function of postconfluent growth.CONCLUSIONSWith regard to iNOS mRNA induction, IFN-γ responsiveness is acquired during Caco-2 cell differentiation, perhaps related to an increase in the numbers of IFN-γ receptors.

scholarly journals Naphthoquinone Derivatives with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from Mangrove-Derived Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces sp. SK-S009

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongju Liu ◽  
Chong Yan ◽  
Changqun Li ◽  
Tingting You ◽  
Zhigang She
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Twelve 1, 4-naphthoquinone derivatives, including two new (1 and 2) and 10 known (3–12), were obtained from endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. SK-S009 isolated from the fruit of Kandelia obovata. All structures were identified through extensive analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and circular dichroism (CD), as well as by comparison with literature data. These compounds significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cells). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, except for compound 2, were lower than that of indomethacin (26.3 μM). Compound 9 inhibited the LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expressions in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Additionally, compound 9 reduced the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The results of this study demonstrated that these 1, 4-naphthoquinone derivatives can inhibit LPS-induced inflammation.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of a sterol-enriched fraction from freshwater green alga, Spirogyra sp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
You-Jin Jeon ◽  
Jae-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as arthritis and atherosclerosis. In the present study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory activity of sterol-rich fraction prepared from Spirogyra sp., a freshwater green alga, in an effort to find bioactive extracts derived from natural sources. Methods The sterol content of ethanol extract of Spirogyra sp. (SPE) was enriched by fractionation with hexane (SPEH), resulting 6.7 times higher than SPE. Using this fraction, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish. Results SPEH effectively and dose-dependently decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). SPEH suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-1β through downregulating nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. The in vivo test results indicated that SPEH significantly and dose-dependently reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell death, and NO production in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Conclusions These results demonstrate that SPEH possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and has the potential to be used as healthcare or pharmaceutical material for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Rotenoid Derivatives from Derris Trifoliata with Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701
Author(s):  
Chihiro Ito ◽  
Tomiyasu Murata ◽  
Hugh T.-W. Tan ◽  
Norio Kaneda ◽  
Hiroshi Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Oxide Production

Study of the chemical constituents of the stems of Derris trifoliata Lour. (Leguminosae) collected in Singapore led to the isolation and identification of three known and two new rotenoid derivatives. The new derivatives, named derrisfolin A (1) and B (2), inhibited nitric oxide production in murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with interferon-γ and lipopolysaccharide.

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