scholarly journals Identification and Migration Studies of Photolytic Decomposition Products of UV-Photoinitiators in Food Packaging

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Scarsella ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Thomas G. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
Photolytic Decomposition ◽  
And Migration

UV-curable inks, coatings, and adhesives are being increasingly used in food packaging systems. When exposed to UV energy, UV-photoinitiators (PI’s) present in the formulations produce free radicals which catalyze polymerization of monomers and pre-polymers into resins. In addition to photopolymerization, other free radical reactions occur in these systems resulting in the formation of chemically varied photolytic decomposition products, many of which are low molecular weight chemical species with high migration potential. This research conducted model experiments in which 24 commonly used PI’s were exposed to UV-energy at the typical upper limit of commercial UV-printing press conditions. UV-irradiated PI’s were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electrospray-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in order to identify photolytic decomposition products. Subsequently, migration studies of 258 UV-cure food packaging samples were conducted using GC-MS; PI’s and photolytic decomposition products were found in nearly all samples analyzed. One hundred-thirteen photolytic decomposition products were identified. Eighteen intact PI’s and 21 photolytic decomposition products were observed as migrants from the 258 samples analyzed, and these were evaluated for frequency of occurrence and migratory concentration range. The most commonly observed PI’s were 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone and benzophenone. The most commonly observed photolytic decomposition products were 2,4,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde and 1-phenyl-2-butanone. This compilation of PI photolytic decomposition data and associated migration data will aid industry in identifying and tracing non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) in food packaging materials.

scholarly journals Identification and Quantitation Studies of Migrants from BPA Alternative Food-Contact Metal Can Coatings

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2846
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Joseph B. Scarsella ◽  
Thomas G. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Regulatory Guidance ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Food Contact

Bisphenol A (BPA)-based epoxy resins have wide applications as food-contact materials such as metal can coatings. However, negative consumer perceptions toward BPA have driven the food packaging industry to develop other alternatives. In this study, four different metal cans and their lids manufactured with different BPA-replacement food-contact coatings are subjected to migration testing in order to identify migratory chemical species from the coatings. Migration tests are conducted using food simulants and conditions of use corresponding to the intended applications and regulatory guidance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Extracts are analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high resolution GC-MS. The migratory compounds identified include short chain cyclic polyester migrants from polyester-based coatings and bisphenol-type migrants including tetramethyl bisphenol F (TMBPF), tetramethyl bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (TMBPF DGE), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol C (BPC), and other related monomers or oligomers. The concentration of the migrants is estimated using an internal standard, and validated trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization GC-MS methods are developed to specifically quantify TMBPF, BPF, BPC, and BPA in the coatings. The results will aid the safety evaluation of new food-contact material coating technology based on TMBPF chemistry and will provide an important reference for the industry in identifying and quantifying non-BPA coating-borne migrants.

In Situ Mass Spectrometry for Chemical Identification in SiC Epitaxial Deposition

2007 ◽  
Vol 556-557 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Brian H. Ponczak ◽  
James D. Oliver ◽  
Soon Cho ◽  
Gary W. Rubloff
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Chemical Identification ◽  
Quadrupole Mass ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Epitaxial Deposition ◽  
Chemical Modelling ◽  
Insight Into

A quadrupole mass spectrometer unit was utilized to accurately detect the chemical species present inside a SiC CVD reactor growth chamber before, during, and after epitaxial deposition. The in-situ mass spectrometer has been able to confirm the presence of silane (SiH4) and propane (C3H8) decomposition products (eg. Si and CH4) that were predicted from chemical modelling, and give insight into specific reaction kinetics. Additionally, the mass spectrometer has positively detected trace amounts of oxygen, which has helped to identify process weaknesses and possible sources of vacuum leaks.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document