scholarly journals Impact of Pd Loading on CO2 Reduction Performance over Pd/TiO2 with H2 and H2O

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1468
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura ◽  
Tadaaki Inoue ◽  
Yoshito Sakakibara ◽  
Masafumi Hirota ◽  
Akira Koshio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Film ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Illumination Condition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lamp Illumination

This study investigated the impact of molar ratio of CO2 to reductants H2O and H2, as well as Pd loading weight on CO2 reduction performance with Pd/TiO2 as the photocatalyst. The Pd/TiO2 film photocatalyst is prepared by the sol-gel and dip-coating process to prepare TiO2 film and the pulse arc plasma method is used to dope Pd on TiO2 film. The prepared Pd/TiO2 film was characterized by SEM, EPMA, STEM, EDS, and EELS. This study also investigated the performance of CO2 reduction under the illumination condition of Xe lamp with or without ultraviolet (UV) light. As a result, it is revealed that when the molar ratio of CO2/H2/H2O is set at 1:0.5:0.5, the best CO2 reduction performance has been obtained under the illumination condition of Xe lamp with and without UV light. In addition, it is found that the optimum Pd loading weight is 3.90 wt%. The maximum molar quantities of CO and CH4 produced per unit weight of photocatalyst are 30.3 μmol/g and 22.1 μmol/g, respectively, for the molar ratio of CO2/H2/H2O = 1:0.5:0.5 under the condition of Xe lamp illumination with UV light. With UV light, C2H4 and C2H6, as well as CO and CH4 are also produced by the Pd/TiO2 film photocatalyst prepared in this study.

scholarly journals The Impact of Amount of Cu on CO2 Reduction Performance of Cu/TiO2 with NH3 and H2O

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura ◽  
Yoshito Sakakibara ◽  
Akira Koshio ◽  
Eric Hu
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Film ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
The Impact

This study has investigated the impact of molar ratio of CO2 to reductants NH3 and H2O as well as that of Cu loading on CO2 reduction characteristics over Cu/TiO2. No study to optimize the reductants’ combination and Cu loading weight in order to enhance CO2 reduction performance of TiO2 has been investigated yet. This study prepared Cu/TiO2 film by loading Cu particles during the pulse arc plasma gun process after coating TiO2 film by the sol-gel and dip-coating process. As to loading weight of Cu, it was regulated by change in the pulse number. This study characterized the prepared Cu/TiO2 film by SEM and EPMA. Additionally, the performance of CO2 reduction has been investigated under the illumination condition of Xe lamp with or without ultraviolet (UV) light. It is revealed that the molar ratio of CO2/NH3/H2O is optimized according to the pulse number. Since the amount of H+ which is the same as that of electron is needed to produce CO decided following the theoretical CO2 reduction reacting with H2O or NH3, larger H+ is needed with the increase in the pulse number. It is revealed that Cu of 4.57 wt% for the pulse number of 200 is the optimum condition, whereas the molar quantity of CO per unit weight of Cu/TiO2 with and without UV light illumination is 34.1 mol/g and 12.0 mol/g, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparison of CO2 Reduction Performance with NH3 and H2O between Cu/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2904
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura ◽  
Ryouga Shimada ◽  
Yoshito Sakakibara ◽  
Akira Koshio ◽  
Eric Hu
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Film ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Illumination Condition ◽  
Molar Quantity ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to clarify the effect of doped metal type on CO2 reduction characteristics of TiO2 with NH3 and H2O. Cu and Pd have been selected as dopants for TiO2. In addition, the impact of molar ratio of CO2 to reductants NH3 and H2O has been investigated. A TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by a sol-gel and dip-coating process, and then doped with Cu or Pd fine particles by using the pulse arc plasma gun method. The prepared Cu/TiO2 film and Pd/TiO2 film were characterized by SEM, EPMA, TEM, STEM, EDX, EDS and EELS. This study also has investigated the performance of CO2 reduction under the illumination condition of Xe lamp with or without ultraviolet (UV) light. As a result, it is revealed that the CO2 reduction performance with Cu/TiO2 under the illumination condition of Xe lamp with UV light is the highest when the molar ratio of CO2/NH3/H2O = 1:1:1 while that without UV light is the highest when the molar ratio of CO2/NH3/H2O = 1:0.5:0.5. It is revealed that the CO2 reduction performance of Pd/TiO2 is the highest for the molar ratio of CO2/NH3/H2O = 1:1:1 no matter the used Xe lamp was with or without UV light. The molar quantity of CO per unit weight of photocatalyst for Cu/TiO2 produced under the illumination condition of Xe lamp with UV light was 10.2 μmol/g, while that for Pd/TiO2 was 5.5 μmol/g. Meanwhile, the molar quantity of CO per unit weight of photocatalyst for Cu/TiO2 produced under the illumination condition of Xe lamp without UV light was 2.5 μmol/g, while that for Pd/TiO2 was 3.5 μmol/g. This study has concluded that Cu/TiO2 is superior to Pd/TiO2 from the viewpoint of the molar quantity of CO per unit weight of photocatalyst as well as the quantum efficiency.

scholarly journals Impact of Overlapping Fe/TiO2Prepared by Sol-Gel and Dip-Coating Process on CO2Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura ◽  
Xuyan Zhao ◽  
Takuya Hayakawa ◽  
Noriaki Ishida ◽  
Masafumi Hirota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Illumination Condition ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Materials Used

Fe-doped TiO2(Fe/TiO2) film photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel and dip-coating process to extend its photoresponsivity to the visible spectrum. To promote the CO2reduction performance with the photocatalyst, some types of base materials used for coating Fe/TiO2, which were netlike glass fiber and Cu disc, were investigated. The characterization of prepared Fe/TiO2film coated on netlike glass fiber and Cu disc was analyzed by SEM and EPMA. In addition, the CO2reduction performance of Fe/TiO2film coated on netlike glass disc, Cu disc, and their overlap was tested under a Xe lamp with or without ultraviolet (UV) light, respectively. The results show that the concentration of produced CO increases by Fe doping irrespective of base material used under the illumination condition with UV light as well as that without UV light. Since the electron transfer between two overlapped photocatalysts is promoted, the peak concentration of CO for the Fe/TiO2double overlapping is approximately 1.5 times as large as the Fe/TiO2single overlapping under the illumination condition with UV light, while the promotion ratio is approximately 1.1 times under that without UV light.

scholarly journals Effect of Fe Loading Condition and Reductants on CO2 Reduction Performance with Fe/TiO2 Photocatalyst

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura ◽  
Noriaki Ishida ◽  
Daichi Tatematsu ◽  
Masafumi Hirota ◽  
Akira Koshio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loading Condition ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Tio2 Photocatalyst

Fe-doped TiO2 (Fe/TiO2) film photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel and dip-coating process and pulse arc plasma method. The effect of pulse number on the CO2 reduction performance with the Fe/TiO2 was investigated in this study. In addition, the effect of reductants such as H2O, H2, and NH3/H2O on the CO2 reduction performance with the Fe/TiO2 photocatalyst was also investigated. The characteristics of the prepared Fe/TiO2 film coated on a netlike glass fiber which is a base material were analyzed by SEM, EPMA, EDX, and EPMA. Furthermore, the CO2 reduction performance of the Fe/TiO2 film was tested under a Xe lamp with or without ultraviolet (UV) light. The results show that the CO2 reduction performance with the pulse number of 100 is the best with H2O and/or H2 as reductant under UV light illumination, while that with the pulse number of 500 is the best when NH3/H2O is used as reductant. On the other hand, the CO2 reduction performance with the pulse number of 500 is the best under every reductant condition without UV light illumination. The highest CO2 reduction performance with the Fe/TiO2 is obtained under H2 + H2O/CO2 condition, and the best moral ratio of total reductants to CO2 is 1.5 : 1.

Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/Ti Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Method on Methyl Orange Degradation

2011 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Jie Zhang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Jia Wei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Tio2 Film ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Methyl Orange Degradation ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Degradation Activity

TiO2 film was deposited on titanium substrate by a sol-gel dip-coating process. Photocatalytic activities of the films prepared with and without template were compared. The TiO2 film deposited on Ti substrate obviously could not adsorb methyl orange on its surface and the titanium substrate had very weak activity under UV light irradiation. The TiO2 films prepared without the addition of PEG1000 were calcinated at 450 oC, 500 oC, 550 oC, and 600 oC and the film calcinated at 500 oC showed the optimum photocatalytic degradation activity. The addition of PEG1000 could promote degradation of methyl orange that can be attributed to the possible pore forming in the TiO2 film.

Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in ZrO2 thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2541-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Yokoyama ◽  
Hironobu Sakata ◽  
Moriaki Wakaki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silver Surface ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

ZrO2 thin films containing silver nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method with Ag to Zr molar ratios [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.11, 0.25, 0.43, 0.67, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.33. After dip coating on glass substrate, coated films were annealed at 200 and 300 °C in air. X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to crystalline Ag were observed, but a specific peak corresponding to ZrO2 was not observed. At the molar ratio [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.25, the particle size of Ag distributed broadly centered at 17 nm for an annealing temperature of 200 °C and at 25 nm for 300 °C. The films annealed in air at 200 °C showed an absorption band centered at 450 nm because of the silver surface plasmon resonance, whereas films heated at 300 °C in air caused a red shift of the absorption to 500 nm. The absorption peak was analyzed using the effective dielectric function of Ag-ZrO2 composite films modeled with the Maxwell-Garnett expression.

Effect of Dip-Coating Cycle on Some Physical Properties of Cu2NiSnS4 Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed ZITI ◽  
Bouchaib HARTITI ◽  
Amine BELAFHAILI ◽  
Hicham LABRIM ◽  
Salah FADILI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Quaternary semiconductor Cu2NiSnS4 thin film was made by the sol-gel method associated to dip-coating technique on ordinary glass substrates. In this paper, we have studied the impact of dip-coating cycle at different cycles: 4, 5 and 6 on the structural, compositional, morphological, optical and electrical characteristics. CNTS thin films have been analyzed by various characterization techniques including: X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman measurements, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS), UV-visible spectroscopy and four-point probe method. XRD spectra demonstrated the formation of cubic Cu2NiSnS4 with privileged orientation at (111) plane. Crystallite size of cubic CNTS thin films increase with from 6.30 to 9.52 with dip-coating cycle augmented. Raman scattering confirmed the existence of CNTS thin films by Raman vibrational mode positioned at 332 cm− 1. EDS investigations showed near-stoichiometry of CNTS sample deposited at 5 cycles. Scanning electron microscope showed uniform surface morphologies without any crack. UV-visible spectroscopy indicated that the optical absorption values are larger than 104 cm− 1, Estimated band gap energy of CNTS absorber layers decrease from 1.64 to 1.5 eV with dip-coating cycle increased. The electrical conductivity of CNTS thin films increase from 0.19 to 4.16 (Ω cm)-1. These characteristics are suitable for solar cells applications.

scholarly journals Titanium Dioxide Coatings Doubly-Doped with Ca and Ag Ions as Corrosion Resistant, Biocompatible, and Bioactive Materials for Medical Applications

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Barbara Burnat ◽  
Patrycja Olejarz ◽  
Damian Batory ◽  
Michal Cichomski ◽  
Marta Kaminska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
X Ray

The aim of this study was to develop a multifunctional biomedical coating that is highly corrosion resistant, biocompatible, and reveals the bioactive properties. For that purpose, titanium dioxide coatings doubly-doped with Ca and Ag ions were deposited by dip-coating onto M30NW biomedical steel. The influence of different ratios of Ca and Ag dopants on morphology, surface structure, corrosion resistance, bioactivity, wettability, and biological properties of TiO2-based sol-gel coatings was studied and discussed. Comprehensive measurements were performed including atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray reflectivity (XRR), corrosion tests, immersion test, contact angle, as well as biological evaluation. The obtained results confirmed that anatase-based coatings containing Ca and Ag ions, independently of their molar ratio in the coating, are anticorrosive, hydrophilic, and bioactive. The results of the biological evaluation indicated that investigated coatings are biocompatible and do not reduce the proliferation ability of the osteoblasts cells.

scholarly journals Sol-Gel Synthesis of TiO2/SiO2 and ZnO/SiO2 Composite Films and Evaluation of Their Photocatalytic Activity towards Methyl Green

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Chandraboss ◽  
B. Karthikeyan ◽  
J. Kamalakkannan ◽  
S. Prabha ◽  
S. Senthilvelan
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Dip Coating Method

The TiO2/SiO2 and ZnO/SiO2 composite films were prepared by sol-gel dip coating method. The surface morphology and crystal structure of thin films were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with elementary dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Optical properties of films have been investigated using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-visible spectroscopy). The photocatalytic activity was established by testing the degradation and decolorization of methyl green (MG) from aqueous solution with artificial UV-light.

Zinc Oxide Thin Film Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 307 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Amna Afiqah Nasution Hakim ◽  
Affa Rozana Abdul Rashid ◽  
N. Arsad ◽  
Aisyah Hanim Surani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Oxide Thin Film ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Surface Morphologies

ZnO thin films have been prepared by the dip coating sol gel method. Zinc acetate dihydrate, 2-methoxyethanol and monoethanolamine (MEA) were used as precursor, solvent and stabilizer respectively. The synthesized sample was coated on glass substrate as the molarity of the solution was kept constant at 0.1 M. The structural properties and surface morphologies of ZnO thin film were characterized by XRD and FESEM. The optical properties such as transmittance, absorbance, reflectance and refractive index were studied by using UV-Vis. The functional group of the synthesized sample were verified by using FTIR. Average crystallite sizes of the samples were calculated by using Debye-Scherrer's formula. Next, ZnO is coated on POF in order to examine the reaction towards UV light.

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