scholarly journals Immobilization of Purified Pectin Lyase from Pseudomonas putida onto Magnetic Lily Flowers (Lilium candidum L.) Nanoparticles and Applicability in Industrial Processes

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esen Tasgin ◽  
Hayrunnisa Nadaroglu ◽  
Aynur Babagil ◽  
Nazan Demir
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pectin Lyase ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Ft Ir

Pectinases are an important class of enzymes distributed in many higher plants and microorganisms. One of these enzymes is pectin lyase which has an important role in industrial applications such as clarification of fruit juices. Pectin lyase was purified with 73% yield from Pseudomonas putida bacteria and was 220.7-fold using three phase precipitation technique. Molecular weight of purified pectin lyase was determined as 32.88 kDa with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The pectin lyase was immobilized covalently via the L-glutaraldehyde spacer to the cellulosic structures of lily flowers (Lilium candidum L.). The immobilized enzyme was then magnetized by modifying with γ-Fe3O4 nanoparticles and determined the most appropriate immobilization conditions as pH 6 and 30 °C. Purified pectin lyase was connected to magnetized support material after 60 min at the rate of 86.4%. The optimum pH and temperatures for the free and immobilized pectin lyase was found to be 6.0 and 40 °C. pH and thermal stabilities of the free and immobilized pectin lyase enzyme have been preserved at high-low temperatures and pH. The structural characterization of the immobilized pectin lyase was performed by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD chromatographic analyses and it was observed that the support materials structure was appropriated to immobilization with pectin lyase and to modify with Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Immobilization of Purified Pectin Lyase from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus onto Magnetic Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanoparticles and Its Usability in Food Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Esen Tasgin ◽  
Aynur Babagil ◽  
Hayrunnisa Nadaroglu ◽  
Patricia E. Allegretti
Keyword(s):  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Pectin Lyase ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Ft Ir

An important component of the pectinase enzyme complex is pectin lyase (polymethylgalacturonate lyase; EC 4.2.2.10). In this study, extracellular pectin lyase enzyme was produced from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteria. Pectin lyase was then purified using three-phase precipitation (TPP) technique with 25.5% yield. The pectin lyase was immobilized covalently via the L-glutaraldehyde spacer to the carboxymethyl cellulose. The immobilized pectin lyase was magnetized using Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Purified pectin lyase was connected to magnetized support material after 90 min at the rate of 80%. The most appropriate immobilization conditions were determined as pH 8 and 30°C. By characterizing the free and immobilized enzyme, KM, Vmax, and optimum pH and optimum temperature values were determined. It was optimum pH 8 and temperature 50°C for both free and immobilized pectin lyase. The structural characterization of the immobilized pectin lyase modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles was carried out by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD chromatographic analyses. At the end of the study, free and immobilized enzymes were used for purification of some fruit juices and results were compared.

scholarly journals Purification of Pectin Lyase Enzyme from Bacillus pumilus Bacteria by Three-Phase Partitioning Method (TPP), Nanoflower Preparation and Investigation of Fruit Juice Clarification

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3938-3955
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Pectin Lyase ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Phase Partitioning ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Solid Culture Medium ◽  
Ft Ir

In this study, firstly, Bacillus pumilus bacteria were isolated from tomato vegetables and identified. Then, the new pectin lyase enzyme was purified from B. pumilus, characterized, and hybrid nanoflower pectin lyase (hNF-PL) was synthesized the first time in this study. For this purpose, PL enzyme was produced in a solid culture medium using B. pumilus bacterium, and PL was purified in 191.8 folds with a yield of 78.2% using the three-phase partitioning (TPP) technique. Using SDS-PAGE, PL enzyme was determined to have a single subunit, and molecular weight was defined as 32.88 kDa with gel chromatography technique. This is the very first study to easily immobilize purified PL enzyme onto nanoflower chitosan/calcium pyrophosphate hybrid NPs. The synthesized nanoflower hNF-PL structure was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, and TEM chromatographic methods. In the final phase of the study, the effects of the pure PL and hNF-PL enzymes on the clarification and cleavage rate of fruit juices obtained from black grape, pomegranate, peach, red apple, and plum were investigated. Under the light shed by this study determined that the hNF-PL enzyme clarified the fruit juices more effectively than the pure PL enzyme.

scholarly journals Selective Separation of Chalcopyrite from Galena Using a Green Reagent Scheme

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Kaile Zhao ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Guohua Gu ◽  
Zhiyong Gao
Keyword(s):  
High Selectivity ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Depression Effect ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Pre Treatment

The study of the depression effect of non-toxic depressants on the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from galena is of great importance for both industrial applications and theoretical research. The mixed depressant (DFinal) of four common inhibitors—sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium silicate, sodium sulfite, and zinc sulfate—exhibited high selectivity during the separation of chalcopyrite from galena. Flotation tests on an industrial copper–lead bulk concentrate showed that using this depressant mixture can achieve highly efficient separation of chalcopyrite from galena at the natural pH of the pulp. Copper and lead concentrates were produced at grades of 21.88% (Cu) and 75.53% (Pb), with recoveries of 89.07% (Cu) and 98.26% (Pb). This showed a similar performance of DFinal with dichromate, which is a depressant that is widely used in industry, but without the environmental risks or the need for pH control. Zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) results showed that interaction between the surface of the chalcopyrite and the mixed depressant was prevented by pre-treatment with a composite thiophosphate collector (CSU11), while the mixed depressant could expel/replace the composite thiophosphate on the surface of galena by chemical adsorption, depressing its flotation. This is the reason why this non-toxic depressant achieved the selective depression of galena from chalcopyrite, leading to efficient flotation separation.

Preparation and Properties of Silicon-Containing Arylacetylene Resins with Octa(maleimidophenyl)silsesquioxane

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1152-1156
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Fu Wei Huang ◽  
Fa Rong Huang ◽  
Lei Du
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Thermal Polymerization ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Curing Reaction ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Dsc Analyses

Modified silicon-containing arylacetylene resins (DMSEPE-OMPS) were prepared from poly(dimethylsilyleneethynylenephenyleneethynylene) (DMSEPE) and Octa(maleimidophenyl)- silsesquioxane (OMPS). The curing reaction of DMSEPE-OMPS resin was studied by FT-IR and DSC techniques. Thermal stability and dielectric properties of cured DMSEPE-OMPS resins were determined. FT-IR and DSC analyses indicate that thermal polymerization of DMSEPE-OMPS resin occurs in the curing process. Thermal stabilities of cured DMSEPE-OMPS resins under N2 and air atmosphere decrease gradually with the increment of OMPS components. The incorporation of OMPS can obviously reduce dielectric constant of DMSEPE-OMPS resins.

Grafting of Chitosan: Structural, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-240
Author(s):  
Nevin Cankaya Nevin Cankaya
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Graft Copolymers ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Methacryloyl Chloride ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Ft Ir

In this study, some new chitosan materials were synthesized by the grafting of chitosan with the monomers such as 1-vinylimidazole (VIM), methacrylamide (MAm) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS). First of all, chitosan methacrylate was prepared by esterification of primary -OH group with methacryloyl chloride a 25.13% yield by mole. The monomers were grafted into chitosan methacrylate via free radical polymerization using 2,2and#39;-Azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator in N,N-dimethylformamide. The graft copolymers were characterized by FT-IR spectra and elemental analysis. Thermal stabilities of the graft copolymers were determined by TGA (thermo gravimetric analysis) method. The synthesized chitosan methacrylate and its graft copolymers were tested for their antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeast.

Carboxymethylhydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase in the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas putida

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1288-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa M. Alonso ◽  
Amando Garrido-Pertierra
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Catabolic Pathway ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Standard Assay ◽  
Assay Conditions

5-Carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde (CHMSA) dehydrogenase in the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate meta-cleavage pathway was purified from Pseudomonas putida by gel filtration, anion-exchange, and affinity chromatographies. Sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis suggested an approximate tetrameric molecular weight of 200 000. The purified enzyme showed a pH optimum at 7.8. The temperature–activity relationship for the enzyme from 27 to 45 °C showed broken Arrhenius plots with an inflexion at 36–37 °C. Under standard assay conditions, the enzyme acted preferentially with NAD. It could also catalyze the reduction with NADP (which had a higher Km), at 18% of the rate observed for NAD. The following kinetic parameters were found: Km(NAD) = 20.0 ± 3.6 μM, Km(CHMSA) = 8.5 ± 1.8 μM, and Kd(enzyme–NAD complex) = 7.8 ± 2.0 μM. The product NADH acted as a competitive inhibitor against NAD.

scholarly journals An investigation on the optical properties of regioregular Poly(3-Hexylthiophene)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Lam Le ◽  
Tuan Anh Luu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Semiconducting Polymers ◽  
Organic Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Regioregular Poly ◽  
Ft Ir

Among semiconducting polymers, poly(3-alkylthiophene)s have attracted great attention and generated many studies over the past few years. Among them, regioregular (head-to-tail) poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) has been especially investigated due to its superior opto-electronic properties, good solubility in the most common organic solvents, chemical and thermal stabilities and also very low toxicity. These properties enable P3HT to be significantly useful in a large variety of applications such as optical sensors, smart windows, organic field effect transistors (OFETs), electrochromic devices, and solar cells. Here, we report the synthesis of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and investigate the optical properties of P3HT in different solvents such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, ethylacetate. The structures of P3HT were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR).

scholarly journals Purification, characterization and application of novel alkaline protease from new Bacillus cereus UV-15 mutant

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreedevi Basavaraju ◽  
Chandrasekhar Kathera ◽  
Pramoda Kumari Jasti
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Alkaline Protease ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Original Activity ◽  
Protease Enzyme

The alkaline protease produced by Bacillus cereus UV-15 mutant was purified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate and gel filtration through sephadex G-100. The enzyme has shown to have a molecular weight of 29kDa by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The extracted protease enzyme was purified by 16.64 fold through ammonium sulphate precipitation and chromatography separation in Sephadex G-100. The purified protease had a specific activity of 2915 (U/mg). The zymogram also revealed a clear hydrolytic zone due to proteolytic activity, which coincided with the band obtained with SDS–PAGE. The enzyme was remained active and stable at pH 8-11, with an optimum at pH 10.0. The protease was stable in the temperature ranging from 40°C to 60°C, but gradually decreased at temperature 70°C. The optimum temperature for protease activity was determined at 60°C. The enzyme showed stability towards non-ionic and anionic surfactants, and oxidizing agents. At 1% concentration of Tween-20 and Tween-80, the enzyme retained 78% and 94% relative activity respectively. Alkaline protease retained 95% activity toward 0.5% concentration of the anionic detergent SDS. The enzyme showed compatibility at 50°C with commercial detergents such as Ariel, Surf excel, Rin, wheel, Tide and Nirma. In the presence of Ariel and Rin the enzyme retained about 72 and 75% of the original activity respectively. The supplementation of the enzyme in detergents could improve the cleansing performance towards the blood stains and suggested to be used as a detergent additive. The enzyme also removed goat hide hairs completely after 15 hr of incubation. These characteristics may make the enzyme suitable for several industrial applications, especially in leather industries.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Various Parameters during Speed Control of Three-phase Induction Motor Using GPIC and LabVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Majeed Shaikh ◽  
Muhammad Fawad Shaikh ◽  
Shoaib Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Jahangir Badar Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Input Source ◽  
Open Control

Induction motors are widely used from home to industrial applications. Speed of induction motor plays important role, so to control the speed of induction motor various techniques are adopted and one of these techniques is V/F control, which is adopted in this paper. This technique helps to control the speed in open control system in RPM. Moreover, Control is designed in LabVIEW, it is quite helpful to develop the circuit graphically and code is automatically written in the background to run on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The aim of this research is to study the impacts on diverse parameters during speed control of three phase induction machine with manipulation of GPIC. Solar technology is used as input source to drive the General-Purpose Inverter Controller (GPIC). Apart of this, impacts of modulation index and carrier frequency influencing the active, reactive and apparent power, temperature and power quality and current overshoot is analysed. MATLAB/Simulink and LabVIEW tools are used for simulation and results along with GPIC, Induction motor and solar panel as hardware.

scholarly journals High Accuracy Measurement of Total Losses in Fractional Horsepower Induction Motors

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Azzeddine Ferrah ◽  
Mounir Bouzguenda ◽  
Jehad M. Al-Khalaf Bani Younis
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Accuracy Measurement ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Better Than ◽  
High Accuracy Measurement

Large and small single-phase and three-phase induction motors are commonly used in industrial applications. The present work represents an attempt towards the design of a high accuracy system for the measurement of fractional horsepower (FHP) induction motor losses and efficiency. The calorimeter designed and built is capable of measuring heat losses of up to 1 kW with an overall accuracy better than 3%. During all tests, ambient temperature, humidity, motor speed and motor frame temperature were recorded using precise digital instruments. The inlet, outlet temperatures and resulting losses were recorded automatically using a high accuracy 12-bit data acquisition system. The preliminary results obtained demonstrate the suitability of the designed calorimeter for the accurate measurement of losses in FHP induction motors.

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