Bank Form Classification using Document Layout Analysis and Image Processing Techniques

Every day thousands of forms are filled out and submitted across the world, in banks, post offices, government organizations, educational institutions etc. These include electronic forms as well as physical forms. All of these forms irrespective of their origin are at some stage made digital and stored electronically to address issues of physical storage, form degradation and data accessibility. Document layout analysis is a basic step in converting document images into electronic form. This conversion is laborious and can be made more efficient (in terms of throughput and human resource) by automating most of the conversion process using document layout analysis techniques. Document classification is an important step in Office Automation, Digital Libraries, and other document image analysis applications. Physical forms require human supervision for any operations done on the form. Digitization of these forms reduces human resources, also reduces any human redundancy involved with the operation on the physical forms. This paper addresses the initial stage of this automation, namely, bank form classification and decipherment of fields. The former recognizes the type of the bank form and the latter extracts regions of useful data from the classified bank form. The proposed work aims to provide accurate bank form classification along with noise removal, skew detection and correction, finally layout analysis is carried out to extract fields like name, address, signature from the classified forms.

A Novel Approach for Enhancing Performance of VoD Systems

Multimedia applications such as Video-on-Demand (VoD), Live streaming, Internet stock quotes, Internet radio, audio/music delivery, video surveillance are of growing interest among general public. Existing systems that support these kinds of applications such as centralized server, independent server nodes, and proxy incur significant delay and serve only less number of videos. In this research, a multi-server system that utilizes a split and merge scheme is proposed to reduce the waiting time. This system helps us to achieve load balancing, while increasing the number of videos being served. Our simulation model consists of a single main multimedia server and a set of streaming servers. The performance of the proposed system for various K values is evaluated in the VoD scenario. The results show that the proposed multi-server scheme performs better in terms of initial latency and number of videos being served, compared to the other existing schemes. Index Terms—Component, formatting, style, styling, insert.

A Lightweight Block Cipher Algorithm for Secure SDN Environment

Software Defined Network is a next-generation networking technology that transforms a closed network environment based on existing network vendors into a flexible, software-based, centralized management environment that can be simplified by abstracting and programming. Although these advantages can be applied to some security problems rather than existing networks, most of the security problems and vulnerabilities of existing networks are present and various attacks are taking place. In this paper, we propose a structure to enhance the security function of SDN by checking how to implement the network security function using SDN technology and lightening the existing block cipher algorithm for this security problem. Lightweight-AES algorithm, which is a lightweight block cipher algorithm based on the AES-256 algorithm, which can simultaneously satisfy the quality of high level of security. In the case of simply reducing the number of round operations of the AES algorithm, the difference diffusion effect of the KeySchedule function generating the round key is reduced, and the security of the encryption algorithm is degraded due to the related key attack using the related key difference characteristic. The Lightweight-AES algorithm proposed in this paper improves the rate of cancellation and decryption by reducing the number of round operations, and the round internal function is supplemented to increase the differential diffusion effect of the KeySchedule function. In order to evaluate the performance of the Lightweight-AES algorithm proposed in this paper, a comparison simulation is performed with the existing AES algorithm. As a result, we confirmed that the Lightweight-AES algorithm can provide SDN content security equal to the encryption / decryption rate and algorithm security strength of the AES-128 algorithm. Therefore, it is considered that the proposed Lightweight-AES algorithm can provide better security service in SDN environment quality and security than the existing AES-128 algorithm.

Analysis of Ayyanarthu Wind Farm with and without Battery Energy Storage System

This paper deals with the battery energy storage system is used in Ayyanarthu wind farm which analysing the variation in electrical parameters like voltage level, per unit value and power value should not vary even the battery energy storage system is applied in the windfarm and battery integrated with the windfarm can reduce the variability especially under the peak load conditions and also reduce the power quality problems, it can analyse through the simulation. DigSilent power factory tool software is used to design and analysis the windfarm the real data in windfarm for 24 hours. Battery energy storage system (BESS) is used to store the excess power because the wind is not constant, it will vary with time and natural climatic changes so that can store the power when the generation is high and the stored power can used when the power demand is high because now a days the population is high so the consumption of power is increasing and inject the surplus power to grid. This paper also highlights the need of storing power in order to strengthen the power and voltage levels. BESS further helps main three challenges i.e. smoothing the voltage levels, capacity firming and time shifting thus the battery energy storage system regulates the active power in a modern day grid.

Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Towers with Different Designs by Finite Elements Method

It is known that the use of renewable energy has an increasing trend in whole world. Wind energy is one of the renewable energy types, as well is among the cleanest and most economical energy sources. Nowadays, in order to provide much more energy from wind, turbine towers are being built higher and the turbine blades have begun to be manufactured longer. Due to these applications, tower and turbine weights are continuously increasing. For this reason, it is necessary to optimize the materials used as well as the dimensions of the turbine towers. In the present study, behavior of TLP floating wind turbine towers with three different designs under wave, hydrostatic and static loads were investigated. In order to clarify the effect of these loads, turbine designs were analyzed in the ratio of 1/5 using finite elements method. Steel, reinforced concrete and hybrid (reinforced concrete and steel) wind turbine towers tied to sea floor at a depth of 10 meters rigidly by TLP floating method. In this context, 10-meter-high turbine towers having three different designs which static analyzed previously were used for investigate effects of wave and hydrostatic loads. Turbine structures analyzed with ABAQUS finite elements model. The deformations and stress values of underwater turbine structures were obtained and compared with each other. As it can be seen from analysis results, compared to the reinforced concrete design, the displacement of steel tower design decreased 77.84%. It is seen that the torsion effect was dominant in the steel tower design. However, the decreasing displacement value for steel design was recorded as 44.43% compared to the hybrid tower design.

Early-Age Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced High Performance Concretes

The aim of this experimental activity was to study the early-age behavior of several Fiber-Reinforced Concretes (FRCs) containing expansive agent. The investigation concerned the evaluation of the influence of different amounts of fibers (dosages of 2.0%, 1.75% and 1.5% by volume of FRCC) on the mechanical performance of FRCs. In particular, hooked brass-coated fibers were used and dead-burnt calcium oxide based expansive agent was employed at a dosage of 40 kg/m3. The attention was focused on the strength development at early ages. Mechanical tests were carried out at 0.25 (i.e. 6 hours, that is time of demolding), 1, 2, 7 up to 28 days of curing. The properties of FRCs were characterized at the fresh state, by measuring flow ability and consistency as well as at hardened state by measuring compressive and flexural strength up to 28 days. Flexural strength was measured on prismatic specimens according to the procedure described in EN 12390-5. The different dosage of fibers did not influence the values of compressive strength, while there is a significant difference in terms of 28-day flexural strength between the several mixtures depending on the different amount of fibers. In all cases at least 20 MPa of 28-day peak flexural strength were achieved.

Design of a Steam Condensate Pumping System

The project work considers design of a pumping system for steam condensate operating at a pressure of 4 bar. The pumping system is designed to transfer steam condensate (saturated liquid) operating at 143.6 Degree celsius between two storage tanks. Developing pumping systems for critical process systems require special attention. Critical process system is one wherein failure of the system due to incorrect equipment selection or incorrect operation can have a huge impact on safety and/or have a huge environmental impact. Developing such process critical systems require the use of engineering standards and application of process safety management systems. In this project, steam condensate is operating at high temperature and therefore failure of the either material or equipment could pose a serious threat to the environment and/or mankind. In this project, emphasis is given to system development and the various steps in determining the pump specifications. The importance of net positive suction head (NPSH) calculations are considered in the analysis. DuPont process safety management (PSM) engineering standards are employed in selecting the appropriate materials. An excel model is developed to simulate the required head for various flow rates, pipe dimensions and tank pressures. The model can be used to develop system curve and pump curve can be superimposed on the system curve to choose the right pump for the given application.

Informing on Best Practices Using Design Builder and RET Screen to Calculate Energetic, Financial, and Environmental Impacts of Energy Systems for Buildings

Buildings represent 32% of total final energy consumption. In terms of primary energy consumption, buildings represent around 40% in most IEA countries (International Energy Agency). For such reason, strategies that lead to energy savings and greenhouse gases reduction are needed. This research aims to provide a methodology able to identify the best system configuration from a technical, economic and environmental point of view by using at the same time two energy software: Design builder, which is able to calculate buildings energy needs under dynamic conditions, and RETScreen, which allows feasibility analysis of clean energy projects. In order to assess the effectiveness of this operating procedure, a historical building has been modelled and a Combined Cooling, Heat and Power system based on an internal combustion engine has been chosen to ensure environmentally sound way. In this study it shows the application of the procedure to a case study as an historical building located in Orte City which is near Rome in Italy; the methodology could get a real preliminary analysis for choose the best active or passive system for improve the energy efficiency and environmental sustainability of existing buildings, also allowing a cost-benefit analysis useful for the concrete realization of the interventions studied.

Using a Shading Tool to Reform Window designing due to Solar Radiation

Sun is the significant criterion that plays the most important role in architectural design. The sun's heat and radiation interact with the designed components of form and façade. These shading elements exhibit different expressions according to the structure orientation and the sun position. According to the climate of structure’s location, the expressions are being used to better respond to the environment in sustainable architecture. In order to get to this point, it is very important to calculate the shading geometry and solar energy during the day and to provide more suitable systems in glass and window designing. According to this, in order to arrive at more suitable shading systems by supporting MATLAB program, the software is written by taking the previous works as basis and closing some of their mistakes. According to the climate data, this program takes the plan drawings of window’s zone and some other information of window, the annual shading simulations are presented. Due to these simulations incident solar radiation of window, essential element of cooling load increasing in summer calculated. Furthermore window designing will be occurred by these simulations. So for the future works the user can import the glass or other datum of window or shading monument to design more efficiency.

Alpha - Skew Pi - Armendariz Rings

In this article we introduce a new concept called Alpha-skew Pi-Armendariz rings (Alpha - S Pi - AR)as a generalization of the notion of Alpha-skew Armendariz rings.Another important goal behind studying this class of rings is to employ it in order to design a modern algorithm of an identification scheme according to the evolution of using modern algebra in the applications of the field of cryptography.We investigate general properties of this concept and give examples for illustration. Furthermore, this paperstudy the relationship between this concept and some previous notions related to Alpha-skew Armendariz rings. It clearly presents that every weak Alpha-skew Armendariz ring is Alpha-skew Pi-Armendariz (Alpha-S Pi-AR). Also, thisarticle showsthat the concepts of Alpha-skew Armendariz rings and Alpha-skew Pi- Armendariz rings are equivalent in case R is 2-primal and semiprime ring.Moreover, this paper proves for a semicommutative Alpha-compatible ringR that if R[x;Alpha] is nil-Armendariz, thenR is an Alpha-S Pi-AR. In addition, if R is an Alpha - S Pi -AR, 2-primal and semiprime ring, then N(R[x;Alpha])=N(R)[x;Alpha]. Finally, we look forwardthat Alpha-skew Pi-Armendariz rings (Alpha-S Pi-AR)be more effect (due to their properties) in the field of cryptography than Pi-Armendariz rings, weak Armendariz rings and others.For these properties and characterizations of the introduced concept Alpha-S Pi-AR, we aspire to design a novel algorithm of an identification scheme.