scholarly journals Activation of Peracetic Acid with Lanthanum Cobaltite Perovskite for Sulfamethoxazole Degradation under a Neutral pH: The Contribution of Organic Radicals

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefei Zhou ◽  
Haowei Wu ◽  
Longlong Zhang ◽  
Bowen Liang ◽  
Xiaoqi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Organic Radicals ◽  
Organic Radical ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Lanthanum Cobaltite ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Radical Generation

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are effective ways to degrade refractory organic contaminants, relying on the generation of inorganic radicals (e.g., •OH and SO4•−). Herein, a novel AOP with organic radicals (R-O•) was reported to degrade contaminants. Lanthanum cobaltite perovskite (LaCoO3) was used to activate peracetic acid (PAA) for organic radical generation to degrade sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The results show that LaCoO3 exhibited an excellent performance on PAA activation and SMX degradation at neutral pH, with low cobalt leaching. Meanwhile, LaCoO3 also showed an excellent reusability during PAA activation. In-depth investigation confirmed CH3C(O)O• and CH3C(O)OO• as the key reactive species for SMX degradation in LaCoO3/PAA system. The presence of Cl− (1–100 mM) slightly inhibited the degradation of SMX in the LaCoO3/PAA system, whereas the addition of HCO3− (0.1–1 mM) and humic aid (1–10 mg/L) could significantly inhibit SMX degradation. This work highlights the generation of organic radicals via the heterogeneous activation of PAA and thus provides a promising way to destruct contaminants in wastewater treatment.

High Energy Electron Beam Irradiation: An Advanced Oxidation Process for the Treatment of Aqueous Based Organic Hazardous Wastes

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Cooper ◽  
Michael G. Nickelsen ◽  
David E. Meacham ◽  
Thomas D. Waite ◽  
Charles N. Kurucz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transient Species ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Abstract Advanced oxidation processes for the removal and destruction of hazardous organic chemicals in water and wastewater is a research area of increasing interest. Advanced oxidation processes generally consider the hydroxyl radical, OH-, the major reactive transient species. A novel process under development, utilizing high energy electrons, extends this concept to include the simultaneous formation of approximately equal concentrations of oxidizing and reducing species. Irradiation of aqueous solutions results in the formation of the aqueous electron, e−aq, hydrogen atoms, H-, and OH-. These reactive transient species initiate chemical reactions capable of destroying organic compounds in aqueous solution. This paper presents data on the removal of six common organic contaminants that have been studied at the Electron Beam Research Facility. The removal and the factors affecting removal were determined. This study focuses on halogenated ethenes, benzene and substituted benzenes. Removal is described in waters of different quality, including potable water, and raw and secondary wastewater. Removal efficiencies ranged from 85 to >99% and varied with water quality, solute concentration, dose and compound.

scholarly journals Assessment of biologically active GAC and complementary technologies for gray water treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ward ◽  
Martin Page ◽  
John Jurevis ◽  
Andrew Nelson ◽  
Melixa Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Cationic Polymer ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Gray Water ◽  
Toilet Flushing ◽  
High Tier

The reuse of gray water for applications ranging from irrigation to showering is a viable means to reduce net water demand when water supplies are stressed. The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment of gray water using biologically active granular-activated carbon (GAC) and complementary technologies. Technologies were challenged individually or in combination using a synthetic gray water formulation based on NSF/ANSI Standard 350. Specific technologies included: GAC; biologically active GAC (BAC); a newly developed intermittently operated BAC (IOBAC) process; ion exchange (IX); coagulation with a cationic polymer; microfiltration; ultrafiltration (UF); and multi-barrier combinations thereof. For control of organic contaminants such as surfactants, BAC and IOBAC performed well over test periods as long as 6 months. Combinations of IOBAC treatment with coagulation pretreatment and UF post-treatment resulted in sustained chemical oxidant demand and turbidity value reductions in excess of 90 and 99.5%, respectively. Such an approach would be useful for gray water treatment for low tier applications like irrigation or toilet flushing, or as a pretreatment system upstream of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes and/or advanced oxidation processes for high tier reuse applications such as showering.

scholarly journals Standard reporting of Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) for UV/H2O2 reactors (IUPAC Technical Report)

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olya Keen ◽  
James Bolton ◽  
Marta Litter ◽  
Keith Bircher ◽  
Thomas Oppenländer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

Abstract The concept of Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) was introduced in 2001 as a figure of merit for evaluating the energy requirements of ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV AOPs) used for the degradation of various organic contaminants. The EEO parameter represents the energy input into the reactor that can achieve an order of magnitude decrease in the concentration of a target contaminant in a unit volume. Since the introduction of this parameter, it has become increasingly popular among UV AOP researchers and practitioners. However, the EEO is often reported without important details that affect the parameter, making its interpretation difficult. The EEO depends on a variety of factors (e.g. the concentration and identity of the target contaminant and the amount of hydrogen peroxide added). Therefore, the EEO parameter needs to be reported in the literature with several other experimental details affecting the reactor performance and in a way that proper comparisons can be made between reactors across studies or manufacturers. This paper discusses the proper application of the EEO parameter for bench-, pilot-, and full-scale studies. Sucralose (artificial sweetener, C12H19Cl3O8) is proposed as a standard substance for reactor comparison.

Figures-of-Merit for the Technical Development and Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Bolton ◽  
Keith G. Bircher ◽  
William Tumas ◽  
Chadwick A. Tolman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractAdvanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which involve the in-situ generation of highly potent chemical oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical (•OH), have recently emerged as an important class of technologies for accelerating the oxidation and hence destruction of a wide range of organic contaminants in polluted water and air. We propose generally applicable standard figures-of-merit for comparing these waste treatment technologies. These figures-of-merit are based on electrical energy consumption within two phenomenological kinetic order regimes: one for high contaminant concentrations (electrical energy per mass, EE/M) and one for low concentrations (electrical energy per order of magnitude per m

scholarly journals Application of a Novel Semiconductor Catalyst, CT, in Degradation of Aromatic Pollutants in Wastewater: Phenol and Catechol

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Yanling Zhang ◽  
Xuefei Zhou ◽  
Shoji Ichimura ◽  
Guoxiu Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Zero Order Kinetics ◽  
Catalytic Nanoparticles ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
First Time

Water-soluble phenol and phenolic compounds were generally removed via advanced oxidation processes. A novel semiconductor catalyst, CT, was the first-time employed in the present study to degrade phenol and catechol. The phenolic compounds (initial concentration of 88 mg L−1) were completely mineralized by the CT catalytic nanoparticles (1%) within 15 days, under acidic condition and with the presence of mild UV radiation (15 w, the emitted wavelength is 254 nm and the light intensity <26 μw/cm2). Under the same reaction condition, 1% TiO2(mixture of rutile and anatase, nanopowder, <100 nm) and H2O2had lower removal efficiency (phenol: <42%; catechol: <60%), whereas the control (without addition of catalysts/H2O2) only showed <12% removal. The processes of phenol/catechol removal by CT followed pseudo-zero-order kinetics. The aromatic structures absorbed the UV energy and passed to an excited state, which the CT worked on. The pollutants were adsorbed on the CT’s surface and oxidized via charge-transfer and hydroxyl radical generation by CT. Given low initial concentrations, a circumstance encountered in wastewater polishing, the current set-up should be an efficient and less energy- and chemical-consumptive treatment method.

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