scholarly journals 1H-NMR and LC-MS Based Metabolomics Analysis of Wild and Cultivated Amaranthus spp.

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Nolitha Nkobole ◽  
Gerhard Prinsloo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Amaranthus Spp ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

Amaranthus crops are important for their use as food and nutritional sources, as well as for their medicinal properties. They are mostly harvested from the wild, and cultivation of Amaranthus species is still rare, and therefore, attempts are being made to commercialize and market this important crop. This research investigated the effect of cultivation and environment on the chemical profile of both cultivated and wild A. cruentus and A. hybridus by multivariate statistical analysis of spectral data deduced by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Furthermore, wild samples of A. cruentus and A. hybridus were subjected to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) for further analysis. Through NMR analysis, it was found that maltose and sucrose increased in both cultivated A. cruentus and A. hybridus. Moreover, the amino acid, proline was present in cultivated A. cruentus in high quantity whereas, proline and leucine were prominent in A. hybridus. Other compounds that were found in both wild and cultivated A. cruentus and A. hybridus are trehalose, trigonelline, lactulose, betaine, valine, alanine, fumarate, formate and kynurenine. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of rutin, 2-phenylethenamine and amaranthussaponin I in both wild A. cruentus and A. hybridus, while chlorogenic acid was identified only in cultivated A. hybridus. On the contrary, L-tryptophan, kaempferol, phenylalanine and quercetin were detected only in wild A. cruentus. Amaranth is not only rich in macro and micronutrients, but the leaves also contain phytochemicals that vary between species and cultivated plants, and might, therefore, affect the medicinal properties of the material.

scholarly journals Review: Veratrum californicum Alkaloids

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5934
Author(s):  
Madison L. Dirks ◽  
Jared T. Seale ◽  
Joseph M. Collins ◽  
Owen M. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carcinoma Prostate ◽  
The World ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Mountain Meadows

Veratrum spp. grow throughout the world and are especially prevalent in high mountain meadows of North America. All parts of Veratrum plants have been used for the treatment of ailments including injuries, hypertension, and rheumatic pain since as far back as the 1600s. Of the 17–45 Veratrum spp., Veratrum californicum alkaloids have been proven to possess favorable medicinal properties associated with inhibition of hedgehog (Hh) pathway signaling. Aberrant Hh signaling leads to proliferation of over 20 cancers, including basal cell carcinoma, prostate and colon among others. Six of the most well-studied V. californicum alkaloids are cyclopamine (1), veratramine (2), isorubijervine (3), muldamine (4), cycloposine (5), and veratrosine (6). Recent inspection of the ethanolic extract from V. californicum root and rhizome via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry has detected up to five additional alkaloids that are proposed to be verazine (7), etioline (8), tetrahydrojervine (9), dihydrojervine (10), 22-keto-26-aminocholesterol (11). For each alkaloid identified or proposed in V. californicum, this review surveys literature precedents for extraction methods, isolation, identification, characterization and bioactivity to guide natural product drug discovery associated with this medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and yield of essential oil from three Croton species

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliane Sampaio de Souza ◽  
Oriel Herrera Bonilla ◽  
Eliseu Marlônio Pereira de Lucena ◽  
Yuri Pereira Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Daily Time ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

ABSTRACT: Marmeleiros are popularly known for the medicinal properties ascribed to their essential oils. This research aimed to analyze the essential oil of leaves from three Croton species (Croton argyrophylloides, Croton jacobinensis, and Croton sincorensis), to verify whether the daily time and harvest season in the year may interfere with their essential oils performance and composition. From each species, 1,500g of green leaves were harvested in Viçosa do Ceará - CE, at 6am and 12pm, during both dry and rainy seasons. Essential oil extraction was conducted by the method of water vapor drag and chemical profile was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The highest yield was obtained at 12pm in the dry season for C. argyrophylloides and C. jacobinensis, and at 6am in the rainy season for C. sincorensis. Bicyclogermacrene demonstrated higher relative abundance in C. argyrophylloides (28.09 to 30.59%), C. jacobinensis (25.2 to 30.14%), and C. sincorensis (23.86 and 21.71%), and the only exception was at 6am in C. sincorensis, where (E)-caryophyllene was the most abundant compound (25.34%). The yield and composition of the studied species were influenced by rainfall, temperature, and sunlight, presenting statistical significant differences between the different periods studied. The species produce constituents with specific biological properties; and therefore, they can be used as a natural source.

Strategies for large-scale targeted metabolomics quantification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (23) ◽  
pp. 6362-6373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juntuo Zhou ◽  
Yuxin Yin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

Advances in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) instruments and analytical strategies have brought about great progress in targeted metabolomics analysis.

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